New Paper: Ballast Water Disinfection with Iron-Activated Persulfate
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PGT
Mar 8, 2014, 9:25:37 PM3/8/14
to tratny...@googlegroups.com
This study arose from a discussion with Jason Righter, who was presenting a poster on methods of disinfection of ballast water. Under these circumstances, it seemed to me that iron-activated persulfate might be an effective alternative. Tawnya Peterson provide the expertise to study marine phytoplankton. Our results are promising, but further work is needed to determine how practical this will be. As part of this work, however, we report fundamental data on the stability of persulfate in saline waters.
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Ahn, S., T. D. Peterson, J. Righter, D. M. Miles, and P. G. Tratnyek 2013. Disinfection of ballast water with iron activited persulfate. Environ. Sci. Technol. 47(20): 11717–11725. [10.1021/es402508k]
The treatment of ballast water carried onboard ships is critical to reduce the spread of nonindigenous aquatic organisms that potentially include noxious and harmful taxa. We tested the efficacy of persulfate (peroxydisulfate, S2O82−, PS) activated with zero-valent iron [Fe0] as a chemical biocide against two taxa of marine phytoplankton grown in bench-scale, batch cultures: the diatom, Pseudo-nitzshia delicatissima and the green alga, Dunaliella tertiolecta. After testing a range of PS concentrations (0-4 mM activated PS) and exposure times (1-7 days), we determined that a dosage of 4 mM of activated PS [PS+ Fe0] was required to inactivate cells from both species, as indicated by reduced or halted growth and a reduction in photosynthetic performance. Longer exposure times were required to fully inactivate D. tertiolecta (7 days) compared to P. delicatissima (5 days). Under these conditions, no recovery was observed upon placing cells from the exposed cultures into fresh media lacking the biocide. The results demonstrate that activated PS is an effective chemical biocide against species of marine phytoplankton. The lack of harmful byproducts produced during application makes PS an attractive alternative to other biocides currently in use for ballast water treatments and merits further testing at a larger scale.
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Ahn, S., T. D. Peterson, J. Righter, D. M. Miles, and P. G. Tratnyek 2013. Disinfection of ballast water with iron activited persulfate. Environ. Sci. Technol. 47(20): 11717–11725. [10.1021/es402508k]
The treatment of ballast water carried onboard ships is critical to reduce the spread of nonindigenous aquatic organisms that potentially include noxious and harmful taxa. We tested the efficacy of persulfate (peroxydisulfate, S2O82−, PS) activated with zero-valent iron [Fe0] as a chemical biocide against two taxa of marine phytoplankton grown in bench-scale, batch cultures: the diatom, Pseudo-nitzshia delicatissima and the green alga, Dunaliella tertiolecta. After testing a range of PS concentrations (0-4 mM activated PS) and exposure times (1-7 days), we determined that a dosage of 4 mM of activated PS [PS+ Fe0] was required to inactivate cells from both species, as indicated by reduced or halted growth and a reduction in photosynthetic performance. Longer exposure times were required to fully inactivate D. tertiolecta (7 days) compared to P. delicatissima (5 days). Under these conditions, no recovery was observed upon placing cells from the exposed cultures into fresh media lacking the biocide. The results demonstrate that activated PS is an effective chemical biocide against species of marine phytoplankton. The lack of harmful byproducts produced during application makes PS an attractive alternative to other biocides currently in use for ballast water treatments and merits further testing at a larger scale.
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