Asce Manual Of Practice 108

[Regenia Junke]

Sponsoredby the ASCE Infrastructure Resilience Division and edited by Bilal M. Ayyub, Ph.D., P.E., Dist.M.ASCE, Hazard-Resilient Infrastructure: Analysis and Design, MOP 144, provides guidance and an underlying framework for designing new infrastructure systems with consistency across hazards, systems, and sectors.

MOP 144 uses probabilistic methods for risk analysis and management of infrastructure projects; an approach that includes identifying and analyzing hazards, system failures, the economics of resilience, and technologies for enhancing new and existing infrastructure.

Ayyub edited another ASCE manual of practice for publication in 2018, Climate-Resilient Infrastructure: Adaptive Design and Risk Management, prepared by the ASCE Committee on Adaptation to a Changing Climate. And while the two manuals are not explicitly related, Ayyub does see them as being part of a continuum of sorts, with more MOPs potentially in the works.

Ayyub, who serves as the director of the Center for Technology and Systems Management of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Maryland, said he has seen the industry increasingly embrace these resilience concepts in recent years. Many of the case studies and visuals in the manual of practice derived from the participation of major civil engineering firms.

ASCE Manual 54 "Sedimentation Engineering," edited by the late Professor Vito A.Vanoni, provides both qualitative and quantitative guidance to theoreticians and practitioners with respect to sediment issues and processes associated with the development, use and conservation of water and land resources. It describes the nature and scope of sedimentation problems, details methods of investigation, and presents practical approaches to solution and management. As a major contribution to the profession, Professor Vanoni organized, partially wrote, and edited the definitive Manual 54. As chairman of the special Task Committee, established in 1954 with the charge of writing the manual, Vanoni worked for two decades and set a high standard. Many of the sections of the original manuscript for the book were first published in the Journal of the Hydraulics Division ASCE and received considerable discussion, which was taken into account in the final manuscript. Manual 54 received worldwide recognition and widespread use in academia and practice, being recognized with the ASCE Karl Emil Hilgard Hydraulic Prize for best publication in 1976. Since the publication of Manual 54 in 1975, global awareness of sediment erosion, transport and deposition processes and of their impact on the use and development of water and land resources has greatly increased. Manual 54 remains an important reference on many aspects of sedimentation engineering, but in other aspects it has been outdated by advances in knowledge and techniques and by the emergence of new problems and issues.

N2 - ASCE Manual 54 "Sedimentation Engineering," edited by the late Professor Vito A.Vanoni, provides both qualitative and quantitative guidance to theoreticians and practitioners with respect to sediment issues and processes associated with the development, use and conservation of water and land resources. It describes the nature and scope of sedimentation problems, details methods of investigation, and presents practical approaches to solution and management. As a major contribution to the profession, Professor Vanoni organized, partially wrote, and edited the definitive Manual 54. As chairman of the special Task Committee, established in 1954 with the charge of writing the manual, Vanoni worked for two decades and set a high standard. Many of the sections of the original manuscript for the book were first published in the Journal of the Hydraulics Division ASCE and received considerable discussion, which was taken into account in the final manuscript. Manual 54 received worldwide recognition and widespread use in academia and practice, being recognized with the ASCE Karl Emil Hilgard Hydraulic Prize for best publication in 1976. Since the publication of Manual 54 in 1975, global awareness of sediment erosion, transport and deposition processes and of their impact on the use and development of water and land resources has greatly increased. Manual 54 remains an important reference on many aspects of sedimentation engineering, but in other aspects it has been outdated by advances in knowledge and techniques and by the emergence of new problems and issues.

AB - ASCE Manual 54 "Sedimentation Engineering," edited by the late Professor Vito A.Vanoni, provides both qualitative and quantitative guidance to theoreticians and practitioners with respect to sediment issues and processes associated with the development, use and conservation of water and land resources. It describes the nature and scope of sedimentation problems, details methods of investigation, and presents practical approaches to solution and management. As a major contribution to the profession, Professor Vanoni organized, partially wrote, and edited the definitive Manual 54. As chairman of the special Task Committee, established in 1954 with the charge of writing the manual, Vanoni worked for two decades and set a high standard. Many of the sections of the original manuscript for the book were first published in the Journal of the Hydraulics Division ASCE and received considerable discussion, which was taken into account in the final manuscript. Manual 54 received worldwide recognition and widespread use in academia and practice, being recognized with the ASCE Karl Emil Hilgard Hydraulic Prize for best publication in 1976. Since the publication of Manual 54 in 1975, global awareness of sediment erosion, transport and deposition processes and of their impact on the use and development of water and land resources has greatly increased. Manual 54 remains an important reference on many aspects of sedimentation engineering, but in other aspects it has been outdated by advances in knowledge and techniques and by the emergence of new problems and issues.

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Underground conduit systems

The extensive conduit facilities of underground plant (mode two) are appropriate for limited applications, such as associated with the trunk or feeder portions of the traditional telecommunications network, due to the high cost of this method of construction. The construction of the conduit networks is material and labor-intensive, and requires significant manhole real estate, but does provide flexibility, including the capability to postpone installation of expensive trunk or feeder facilities (fiber-optic) until the need arises. Such underground conduit systems are also the only viable alternative in metropolitan or large urban areas where overhead lines and/or future digging are not an option. Figure 2 illustrates typical underground conduit construction.

Section 2 of MOP No. 118 provides a description of underground conduit systems including the basic components (conduits, structures and accessories) and design and construction requirements. Information is provided in the following categories:

Direct-buried systems

In contrast to underground conduit systems, direct-buried plant (mode three) represents a relatively low cost method for placing individual cables belowground between any desired terminations, but loses flexibility with respect to future additions or replacements. (Figure 3 illustrates typical direct-buried construction.) Indeed, the inherent lack of such upgradeability has been a primary factor in inhibiting the desired widespread deployment of new wireline telecommunications technologies, based upon the use of fiber-optic cables, in established areas and communities with buried facilities. Conversely, existing communities served by aerial distribution plant (mode one) have been ready candidates for such upgrades. Similarly, energy-hungry consumers and industries continue to push the limit of existing power lines which need to be replaced or supplemented. Thus, in addition to the relatively low cost to install and maintain aerial facilities, flexibility represents another reason for the continuing deployment of aerial lines.

Section 3 of MOP No. 118 describes the equipment and procedures employed for each of these categories. In general, information is provided based on safety requirements of the National Electrical Safety Code (NESC), as well as construction practices provided by the Rural Utilities Service and the communications industry (e.g., Telcordia Technologies). In particular, there are requirements and recommendations for:

All three methods have been successfully applied in industry, and each has its advantages, limitations, and range of application. The methods continue to evolve, with innovations based upon the cable characteristics and newly introduced products. Some techniques and equipment combine elements of these categories.

The most direct method for installing a cable within a duct is to connect a rope or pull-line to the leading end of the cable, using an appropriate type of grip, and to then pull the cable into the path. Mechanized equipment is often required since the pulling force may be significant. The force imposes a tensile load on the cable, which must not exceed its allowable tensile capability. The major disadvantage relates to possible placement distances. The tension or pull force at the leading end of the cable is required to offset the frictional drag forces that accumulate along the length of the cable. For the simple case of a cable resting on the bottom of a straight duct path, as illustrated in Figure 5, the frictional drag is essentially due to the weight of the cable in combination with the coefficient of friction at the cable-duct interface, which in many cases appears to be relatively low.

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