If you are using a single file wiki than everything has to be loaded before the wiki can function, this includes all embedded pdfs and other media. Tiddlywiki can reference and display external media. Either using _canonical_uri fields as Tony suggested or by directly linking to the me media, the two are mostly equavient and which one you use is just a matter of taste. See here
https://tiddlywiki.com/#ExternalImages and here
https://tiddlywiki.com/#Images%20in%20WikiText for some references.
Using either method you can get around much of the problem by letting the browser handle the memory management. If you do that than only the media in open tiddlers will necessarily be loaded into memory. I think that the specifics are up to the browser caching policy.
If you have 10000 images than using external images is a better idea.
Depending on your usage of TiddlyWiki you may be better off using the node version.