Plain English Physics 101 Part 2
Excerpts from:
Published under new title
Modified Monday, June 04, 2012
johnlawrencereed jr
Excerpt on Avogadro's Number:
I have defined mass as the conserved comparative resistance of non-
uniform (and uniform) atoms in response to and as a consequence of a
uniform attraction on all atoms (see Part 1, this publication).
We get close to this when we measure amounts of atoms or molecules in
moles as we optimize our chemical reactions. The relative atomic
weight of an atom expressed in grams as weight [mg] using the periodic
chart represents one mole of that element. Although we call this an
atomic weight [mg] one mole of an element represents a specific number
of atoms. That number is Avogadro's Number 6.0221415 × 10^23. That
number represents the number of atoms in a gram atom, or the gram
atomic number of an element.
Straight from the Periodic Table we have the gram atomic number of
each element that is equivalent to the weight of 6.0221415 x 10^23
atoms of that element expressed in grams at location. The balance
scale measures the comparative resistance [m] of atoms which we
interpret in units of weight [mg]. Weight will vary with location but
the comparative resistance of a number of atoms is invariant with
location. In this case that number of atoms is designated as 1 mole of
an element and the chemical numerical notation proportionally
references moles of elements.
This number is consistent with grams but is also consistent with any
other standard unit we might use to measure resistance on the balance
scale or in impact experiments. To try keeping it simple the gram
atomic number of Hydrogen can be represented roughly as 1. Oxygen
then, represented roughly is 16. So we have 2 gram atoms of hydrogen
and one gram atom of Oxygen as the chemical equation for water (H2)O.
Each gram atom is equivalent to 6.0221415 x 10^23 atoms of the
element. They are the proportional amounts using weight [mg] that are
reacted to make water (H2)O. Here each molecule of water consists of
6.0221415 x 10^23 water atoms. So Avogadro's Number [N] in this case
(the periodic table) is a constant of proportionality for the stable
atomic chemical formulation of the elemental compounds when
represented in units (moles) that we measure as weight [mg]. We say 2
moles of hydrogen combined with 1 mole of oxygen is the chemical
composition of water [H2O]. Or we can say 1 mole of Hydrogen combined
with .5 moles of Oxygen is the chemical composition of water [H2O].
Any proportional amount of the number of atoms of each element using
Avogadro's number as the reference will provide an invariant platform
that is independent of location. Electrolysis and separation confirms
this as measured on a balance scale in units of mass [m] as [mg]
weight. Here [m] is the comparative conserved resistance and [mg] is
the comparative weight taken at location [g].
The atomic number of an element is expressed in gram atoms or moles.
The Periodic Chart arranges the elements in Mass units that represent
a specific number of atoms for each element. This is Avogadro's
number. So when we determine that water has two hydrogen atoms and
one oxygen atom and this is expressed in mass units that represent a
near precise number of atoms (moles) our Periodic Table represents the
relative mass of each element in units that define the number of atoms
as a unit multiple of Avogadro's number, at any location in the
universe. Note that we are dealing with an invariant number of atoms
and we use the variant weight [mg] which applies here at any location
in space. In other words the weight of the atoms change according to
location but the number of atoms and their comparative resistance is
invariant with respect to location. The constant objective factor
here is the comparative resistance [m] of the number of atoms. Not
the subjective (what we feel) comparative weight [mg] (that depends on
location) of a number of atoms.
Mass is a convenient means by which we can represent the comparative
resistance of a number of uniform and non-uniform atoms acted upon
uniformly by the planet attractor.
Consequently our effort we call force [F] set equivalent to [mg]
cannot be generalized to an effort by the planet. It is mass
resistance [m] in motion that we feel as Force [mg] and [ma], and as
momentum [mv]. Inanimate objects exert no effort and feel no force.
Mass [m] resistance is invariant and Force [F] as we have defined it
is based on what we feel anywhere which is variant with [g] in [mg].
The planet attractor acts uniformly on atoms. All atoms fall at the
same rate. We lift or work against the cumulative sum of the non-
uniform resistance of the atoms in an object.
The planet attractor pulls uniformly on the object's non-uniform atoms
and on our non-uniform atoms as we lift the object. To assign the
force we feel and generate to inanimate object resistance is simple
error.
The consolidating piece of this part of the puzzle came from the
recognition that I could show that gravity acts on atoms using the
principle that is the basis for the Periodic Table. It took me years
to put it together and it was right in front of me all along. 6450
years is still a long, long time in terms of the life span we are
given.
johnreed
Google has trashed my capability to examine and respond to comments
and questions using its interface to groups. Half of my screen is
locked into the advertising crap they use to force one to comply with
their new changes. I tried to comply there and the entire format is
foreign and unacceptable to me. Therefore any questions or comments
should be directed to the group below. Which is also a Google
platform so I cannot be certain that it will continue to function.
Thanks.
If you respond to this publication take care. Try to avoid
embarrassing your descendants. What I am providing will function in
one case as a segue for the foundation which will direct positive
attention to what have sometimes been called anti-gravity machines.
Once we recognize that gravity is what we feel, gravity will be
eliminated as a standard on which to base our theoretical mathematics
which presently define conservation laws. Once mass is recognized as a
convenient conserved representation for the comparative resistance of
numbers of atoms, the conservation of mass and energy will extend
beyond our subjective methods of interpretation and machines that
function within the new interpretation will not be burdened with the
dogma of the past. End.johnreed
Current web address:
http://groups.google.com/group/thejohnreed