Marianne Trial

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Background: In the phase 3 MARIANNE trial, trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) with or without pertuzumab showed noninferior progression-free survival and better tolerability than trastuzumab plus a taxane (HT) for the first-line treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive advanced breast cancer. This article reports the final descriptive overall survival (OS) analysis, updated safety data, and additional patient-reported outcomes and biomarker analyses.

Methods: OS was assessed in 1095 patients with HER2-positive breast cancer and no prior therapy for advanced disease who had been randomized to HT, T-DM1 plus a placebo (hereafter T-DM1), or T-DM1 plus pertuzumab (T-DM1+pertuzumab). A post hoc exploratory landmark analysis of OS, baseline patient and disease characteristics, and tumor biomarkers in patients with and without an objective tumor response (OR) according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors within 6.5 months of randomization was conducted.

Marianne Wesson has been a member of the Colorado Law faculty for over three decades, teaching, researching, and writing in the areas of criminal law, evidence, and trial advocacy. She practiced criminal law as an assistant attorney general for the state of Texas and as an assistant U.S. attorney for the district of Colorado. Her articles have appeared in a wide variety of law reviews and journals, and she has been an editor and adviser for a number of legal and academic journals. She served as a member and later Chair of the Criminal Law Test Development Committee of the National Conference of Bar Examiners from 1978 to 2008. She has been a commentator for several media outlets, including National Public Radio. (You may listen to her interview on National Public Radio concerning the 2004-2005 Supreme Court Term here.) She was elected to the American Law Institute in 1989, and designated a President's Teaching Scholar at the University of Colorado in 1992. In 1995 she was named the first Wolf-Nichol Fellow at the Law School, and in 2011 she became the inaugural Schaden Chair in Experiential Learning.

Another of Professor Wesson's abiding interests is literature. She not only teaches a seminar in "Law and Literature," and publishes scholarly articles in that area, she is a novelist, writing fiction that explores legal and jurisprudential themes. She has published three novels: A Suggestion of Death, Render Up the Body (for which she was named a finalist for the Colorado Book Award), and Chilling Effect, which touches on the First Amendment debate concerning the legal liability of producers of violent, sexually-oriented texts. You may listen to her interview about Chilling Effect on Colorado Public Radio. Her newest book, to be published in spring 2012, is A Death at Crooked Creek: The Hillmon Case and the Supreme Court. In this work of "creative nonfiction" she revisits a famous and influential 1892 decision of the Supreme Court, employing long-neglected archival sources and the forensic examination of a century-old cadaver to re-open a mystery about the identity of a corpse. Her work suggests that the Court may have been prompted to create an important rule of evidence because they harbored a certain understanding about the solution to this gruesome mystery, an understanding, she concludes, that may have been wrong. Her research on the Hillmon case was the subject of a documentary film, Hillmon's Bones, and a play produced by the Colorado Shakespeare Festival.

Marianne's background in law and business is wide-ranging. As a trial lawyer Marianne handled complex civil litigation and civil rights matters in New York, Washington D.C., and Virginia, in majority part as the protg of Philip J. Hirschkop, one of the legendary lawyers who won the landmark case of Loving v. Virginia before the Supreme Court of the United States. She also was an adjunct law professor at the American University, Washington College of Law and the George Washington University Law School. In addition to practicing complex commercial litigation with Mr. Hirschkop for over a decade, Marianne was a litigator with two boutique firms in New York City.

Marianne previously operated her own company, coaching high-achieving professionals and designing business development plans for her clients and the businesses they operated. She has extensive nonprofit experience as well, including as the interim executive director of a child welfare nonprofit in East Harlem, NYC. Marianne is deeply committed to diversity, equity, and inclusion, and has been involved in diversity initiatives throughout her career in many different capacities, including doing diversity-related studies with the Howard University School of Business and the Coach Diversity Institute.

Marianne has written and spoken widely on many subjects related to the law and business development, including in CLE programs. Marianne received her J.D. from the American University, Washington College of Law, and is admitted to the bars of the Supreme Court of the United States, New York, Washington, D.C., and Virginia.

Marianne Bachmeier was born on 3 June 1950.[1][2] She grew up in Sarstedt, a small town near Hildesheim, Lower Saxony, West Germany, where her parents had fled from East Prussia after the Second World War.

In 1966, aged 16, Bachmeier had her first child, whom she placed for adoption as an infant.[3] She became pregnant again at the age of 18 by her boyfriend.[3] Bachmeier was raped shortly before the birth of her second child.[5] Her second child was also placed for adoption as an infant.[5]

Bachmeier began dating the manager of Tipasa, a pub where they both worked, in 1972.[5][6] She became pregnant for the third time at the age of 22.[5][6] On 14 November 1972, Bachmeier's third child, Anna, was born, and she raised her alone.[5][6] As a result, Bachmeier took Anna to work at the pub, and she was said to never feel a need to rush home after her regular hours behind the bar.[7]

In two 1984 documentary films, No Time for Tears: The Bachmeier Case and Anna's Mother, Bachmeier was portrayed as a single mother who worked well into the night and then slept into the day, leaving her seven-year-old daughter on her own during the day.[8][6] Bachmeier was aware of her problematic lifestyle and wanted to put Anna up for adoption.[8] Friends later said that she treated Anna like a little adult, and from a young age, expected her to take care of many things on her own.[7] Anna frequently slept in the bar as her mother partied. According to a friend of Bachmeier, Anna was a vibrant youngster who never truly had a pleasant family life.[7][9]

On 5 May 1980, when Anna was seven years old, she had an argument with her mother and decided to skip school.[9][10] On this day she was abducted by Klaus Grabowski, a 35-year-old butcher, whose home she had visited before to play with his cats.[9][10] He held Anna for several hours at his home, sexually assaulted her and ultimately strangled her with a pair of his fiance's tights.[11][12] According to the prosecutor, he then tied the girl up and packed her into a box, which he left on the shore of a canal. Grabowski's fiance then turned him in to the police.[11][12]

Grabowski was a convicted sex offender and had previously been sentenced for the sexual abuse of two girls.[13] In 1976, he voluntarily submitted to chemical castration, though it was later revealed that he subsequently underwent hormone treatment to try to reverse the castration.[13][14] Once arrested, Grabowski stated that Anna had sought to extort money from him by threatening to tell her mother about the abuse.[15] He said his fear of going back to prison prompted him to kill her.[15]

At around 10 a.m. on 6 March 1981, the third day of the trial,[7] Bachmeier smuggled a Beretta 70[16] into the courtroom of Lbeck District Court, room 157, and fatally shot Grabowski.[17][18] She aimed the gun at his back and fired seven times; six shots hit Grabowski,[b] who was killed almost instantly.[19][15] Bachmeier then lowered her gun and was apprehended without resistance.[7][19]

The incident is one of the most well-known cases of vigilante justice in West German history.[7][10] It sparked extensive media coverage; television crews from around the country and overseas travelled to Lbeck to report on the case.[11][15] Bachmeier sold her life story for about 100,000 Deutsche Marks to the news magazine Stern. With the fee, she covered her legal costs.[20]

While Bachmeier was held in custody, many sent messages of support, gifts, and flowers to indicate their understanding of her conduct.[3] Nonetheless, some still believed that a constitutional state should not condone vigilante justice.[21] In addition, after Stern published her life story, and details about how she allowed her first two children to be adopted by loving families, public opinion shifted as she no longer appeared to fit the "innocent mother" image.[3][9] Nonetheless, numerous individuals openly demonstrated their compassion for the retaliatory action.[7][22]

On 2 November 1982, Bachmeier was initially charged in court with murder.[19] Later the prosecution dropped the murder charge. After 28 days of negotiations, the board agreed on the verdict.[5] Four months after the opening of proceedings, she was convicted on 2 March 1983 by the Circuit Court Chamber of the District Court of Lbeck for manslaughter and unlawful possession of a firearm.[10][17] The defense's argument that the act was not premeditated was mostly upheld by the court.[7] She was sentenced to six years in prison but was released after serving three.[10][17]

Bachmeier married a teacher in 1985. Three years later, they moved to Lagos in Nigeria and lived in a German camp where her husband taught at a German school.[9][22] They divorced in 1990. After relocating to Sicily, Bachmeier was employed as an aide in a hospice in Palermo.[7] She was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in Sicily and then returned to Germany.[9][22]

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