Wake Up Movie
Loree Naumann
A wake , funeral reception[1] or visitation is a social gathering associated with death, held before a funeral. Traditionally, a wake involves family and friends keeping watch over the body of the dead person, usually in the home of the deceased. Some wakes are held at a funeral home or another convenient location. The wake or the viewing of the body is a part of death rituals in many cultures. It allows one last interaction with the dead, providing a time for the living to express their thoughts and feelings with the deceased.[2] It highlights the idea that the loss is borne by the whole community and is a way of honoring the deceased member.[3] The emotional tone of a wake is sometimes seen as more positive than a funeral due to the socially supportive atmosphere and the focus on the life rather than the death of the deceased.[4]
The term originally referred to a late-night prayer vigil but is now mostly used for the social interactions accompanying a funeral. While the modern usage of the verb wake is "become or stay alert", a wake for the dead harks back to the vigil, "watch" or "guard" of earlier times. It is a misconception that people at a wake are waiting in case the deceased should "wake up".[5]
The term wake was originally used to denote a prayer vigil, often an annual event held on the feast day of the saint to whom a parish church was dedicated.[6] Over time the association with prayer has become less important, although not lost completely,[7] and in many countries a wake is now mostly associated with the social interactions accompanying a funeral.[5]
The wake (Irish: trramh, faire) is a key part of the death customs of Ireland; it is an important phase in the separation of the dead from the world of the living and transition to the world of the dead.[8] Typically lasting one or two days, it is a continuous watch kept over the dead by family and friends, usually in their own home, before burial.[8] Shane McCorristine writes that the original purposes of an Irish wake were to honour the dead, to celebrate their life, to ensure that death had really occurred, to guard the body from evil, and to placate their soul.[9]
Shortly after death, the body is usually prepared and placed in a coffin at a funeral home, then brought to the dead person's home for the wake, which is now referred to as the 'wake house'. Historically, the body was usually washed, groomed and clothed in a white shroud at their own home by local wise women.[8] Traditionally, windows of a wake house are left open to let the soul leave the room, mirrors are covered or turned around, clocks are stopped, and household pets are kept out for the duration of the wake.[8] It is also customary for candles to be kept lit.[9]
Relatives and friends are expected to visit to pay respects to the dead and to their family, who in turn provide hospitality.[8] At intervals, a collective prayer might be said; for Catholics usually the Rosary.[8] Traditionally there is food and drink, as well as storytelling, music, singing and dancing.[8] Historically, wakes were important social gatherings for the young, who sometimes partook in rowdier amusements and courtship.[8] Patricia Lysaght says the traditional revelry at wakes can be seen as a way of reasserting the life of the community in the face of death.[8] However, when a death is particularly tragic, or that of a child, the wake is more private and mournful.[9]
Historically, keening was performed at the wake by a group of women who sat around the body. It was a poetic lament for the dead, addressed directly to the dead person. A leading keening woman (bean chaointe) chanted verses and led a choral death wail, in which the other keeners joined while swaying rhythmically. Sometimes professional keeners were hired to fulfill this obligation to the dead. Lysaght writes, "This communal lamentation is often described as having a cathartic effect on family and community members present".[8]
Historically, there was a custom in Wales to store the coffin in the home until the funeral.[10] Friends and neighbours would volunteer for the ritual of gwylio'r corff ('watching the body'). The wake, known as gwylnos was held the night preceding the funeral and was a time of merriment.
After the three-century rule of the Spaniards in the Philippines, came the American occupation. American culture and influence started to find a place in a Philippine context by using various mediums, specifically the use of free trade. In this trading for and with the American market, a co-dependence between America and the Philippines was established.[11] Another medium of cultural assimilation from America was their implementation of their education system during the first decade of their occupation, all in which showing more prevalent effects in the political and cultural development of the Filipinos.[12] With the then-new educational system, young Filipinos were taught different American cultural devices such as their songs, values and ideals, and their subsequent assimilation of many of their traditions.[12] All these factors brought about by America allowed for a heterogeneous assimilation between the two distinct cultures that resulted in a unique outcome of specific American influence forming a distinct Filipino image. From here, this is a rich source to understand the nation in its present situation and its historical context.[13]
The Division of Sleep Medicine and Chronobiology is dedicated to providing outstanding clinical care for patients with disorders that affect the sleep-wake cycle. We are committed to performing high quality research and to making outstanding contributions to the areas of clinical research that includes the entire spectrum of sleep medicine. We are devoted to producing well-trained and highly qualified sleep specialists.
The Sleep-Wake Disorders Center of the Department of Neurology at Montefiore Medical Center was established in 1975 as a referral center to assist doctors in the diagnosis and treatment of patients who have severe or long standing problems associated with sleeping and waking. The Center was the first accredited sleep disorders center in the USA in 1977.
The Center is staffed by adult and pediatric neurologists, as well as a clinical psychologist. All staff members are sleep specialists certified by the American Board of Sleep Medicine, knowledgeable of the most recent developments in the field of sleep-wake disorders. Consults in cardiology, psychiatry, pediatrics, dentistry, pulmonology and otolaryngology (ear, nose and throat) are also available when needed.
I have a few rooms of PCs with Intel 82567LM-3 NICs in, and could really do with being able to set the network card speed when they are in power saving modes. The default is 10Mb, and this causes issues with certain multicast tasks.
Consider your request received. Thank you for the suggestion. We are looking into how you can do what you are asking to do. Can you elaborate on the multicast issues you are seeing at 10Mbps, I am curious? Thank you for using Intel Ethernet.
Yes, what you are seeing is a power savings feature called "Reduce Speed On Power Down" which is by default enabled on most platforms by the system manufacturer. Based on your input we are looking into how to provide more flexibility to the user. Generally speaking, the power consumption increases for each link speed increase (i.e., 10GbE > 1GbE > 100Mbps > 10Mbps). Now it is not 10x power for each jump, but the power consumption is higher. When your system is sleeping there is a "power budget" for all devices that are somewhat active, and this includes LAN ports that are configured to Wake On LAN traffic.
*Any update on this? I am having some annoying WOL and multicast issues on Win7... 2008R2 with the same driver behaves, which is annoying... The driver shipped with the OS doesnt have WOL. The latest Dell Optiplex 960 (actually an Intel installer IIRC) breaks things like DHCP and has drops.
The original Dell supplied driver works best, but still drops (on W7) down to 10Mb during power saving. I tried to get round this by setting the (Netgear) switches to 1Gb only, but that then broke WOL as the card seems to switch off rather than negotiate to 1Gb! Argh! Set the switch back to Auto and you get 10Mb - which then makes all the local Ghost multicast traffic run at 10Mb... Not fun when you have rooms of 20GB images to push out on a regular basis.
We are working on getting your request into our feature pipeline. In the mean time, you mentioned that you could restrict the autoneg advertisements on your netgear switch; is it possible for you to change the autoneg advertisements to include only 1GbE and 100Mbps settings? If so, this should make it so that you will link at 100Mbps while the machine is asleep rather than linking at 10Mbps.
The reason that 1GbE is not available when the system is sleeping is due to the system power availability when the system is sleeping. I could get to the specifics, but to maintain the 1GbE link while in a sleep state it will consume most of the available power budget for the machine.
Unfortunately I cant see a way to set my switches (Netgear GS724Tv2) to disable 10Mb, they only seem to allow a specific setting per port or auto... So for now the only way I can see is to set the ports to 100Mb (making everything equally slow) or have a NIC/BIOS option to not use 10Mb.
I would just like 100Mb as an option, its such a pain to have to switch on every PC on the network just to do some multicasting. If you have seen the Symantec Ghost Console forums there are frequent posts from admins complaining about slow multicast speeds who probably havent realised what is going on. I did start replying to some but there is only so much time...
Thanks for posting back. Yes, your suggestion did make it into the pipeline and the ability to link at 100Mbps while the system is sleeping will be available in approximately a month. There will be an option to disable "Reduce Speed on Power Down" which was not available on all LAN on motherboards. I do not know the exact date yet of the release, but I will get some more details out as soon as I get them.
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