I struggle with understanding pedagogy. I do not consider myself a
scholar of education. (I'm a student of literature and history and
attempt to stretch my understanding of psychology, mathematics and the
sciences.)
Project-based learning
Problem-based learning
Passion-based learning
Inquiry
Constructivism
Differentiated Learning
Understanding by Design
Backward design
How do all of these modalities fit together? It seems to me that these
modalities are interwoven and at the core of all these modalities of
pedagogy is the core concept of finding meaning. Right? Education
scholars develop these modalities to find a better way to teach
children. However, it seems as if the modalities swing back and forth
like a giant pendulum.
Last summer I spent some time exploring Understanding by Design. I
still have a lot to learn; so I decided to focus on this modality. I
found Joe Harvey's Slideshare's Slide 4 helpful because it clearly
defines the stages of Understanding by Design and Slide 9 because it
illustrated for me how I might approach creating a unit using this Ubd
modality. When I finished the presentation, however, I realized the
slideshow had generated more questions than clarity for me.
I had a lot of questions about Slide 2 and wondered if I missed
something:
* What are the common practices that interfere with understanding?
* What are the common problems to avoid? I assume that the common
practices that interfere with understanding and the common problems to
avoid are one in the same -- but are they? I'm confused.
* The statement -- "Proposes an approach to curriculum designed to
engage students in inquiry & "uncovering" ideas -- made me think my
idea that all these modalities are interwoven might not be off the
mark. Isn't "uncovering" ideas the same as constructing understanding
-- or constructivism?
Slide 10 suggests there are 6 facets for understanding:
* Can Explain
* Can Interpret
* Can Apply
* Has Perspective
* Can Empathsize
* Has Self-Knowledge
Below is Bloom's new model for intellectual behavior important in
learning.
Creating
Evaluating
Analyzing
Applying
Understanding
Remembering
http://www.odu.edu/educ/roverbau/Bloom/blooms_taxonomy.htm
How does Bloom's relate to the "Six Facets of Understanding" presented
in Slide 10? Understanding seems to be low on Bloom's pyramid, with
higher order thinking involving analyzing, evaluating and creating.
Again, confusion: I inferred from the slideshow that Ubd's goal was
deep and thorough understanding. Would Bloom find this modality
sufficient?
Slide 13 -- Assessor vs. Designer -- I found this confusing, too:
Wouldn't Understanding by Design incorporate both?
Slide 17 states that Ubd takes place over time -- suggesting 3 to 5
years. What does this mean in terms of public school? This statement
had me thinking in terms of 21st century education and Scott McLeod
who again and again argues for the United States to move away from
curricula that is a mile wide and an inch thick. True understanding
takes time to develop. How can public school encourage and embrace
this concept?
For me, the heart of all learning is understanding. I embrace McLeod's
call for a move away from so many standards so that students can learn
how to learn and have time for deep learning. However, I would not
presume to have the expertise to decide which standards our state
should scrap. It's difficult for me to wrap my mind around what a
three- to five-year study would look like -- apart from a
dissertation. Would teachers as facilitators of this type of learning
be able to generate and sustain energy for this type of study with
K-12 students?
For me Ubd best supports four of the six NETS for students:
* Creativity and Innovation
Students demonstrate creative thinking, construct knowledge, and
develop innovative products and processes
using technology. Students:
a. apply existing knowledge to generate new ideas, products, or
processes.
b. create original works as a means of personal or group expression.
c. use models and simulations to explore complex systems and issues.
d. identify trends and forecast possibilities.
* Communication and Collaboration
Students use digital media and environments to communicate and work
collaboratively, including at a distance,
to support individual learning and contribute to the learning of
others. Students:
a. interact, collaborate, and publish with peers, experts, or others
employing a variety of digital environments
and media.
b. communicate information and ideas effectively to multiple audiences
using a variety of media and formats.
c. develop cultural understanding and global awareness by engaging
with learners of other cultures.
d. contribute to project teams to produce original works or solve
problems.
* Research and Information Fluency
Students apply digital tools to gather, evaluate, and use information.
Students:
a. plan strategies to guide inquiry.
b. locate, organize, analyze, evaluate, synthesize, and ethically use
information from a variety of sources and
media.
c. evaluate and select information sources and digital tools based on
the appropriateness to specific tasks.
d. process data and report results.
* Critical Thinking, Problem Solving, and Decision Making
Students use critical thinking skills to plan and conduct research,
manage projects, solve problems, and make
informed decisions using appropriate digital tools and resources.
Students:
a. identify and define authentic problems and significant questions
for investigation.
b. plan and manage activities to develop a solution or complete a
project.
c. collect and analyze data to identify solutions and/or make informed
decisions.
d. use multiple processes and diverse perspectives to explore
alternative solutions.