You might wanna try the app
Headunit Reloaded, which would give you Android Auto on your Android-based head unit. Otherwise:
1. AFAIK USB Tethering on Android phones only works to Windows, not to other Android devices. You'll need to do WiFi tethering and have the Android head unit connect to your phone that way.
2. You can just leave BT on on the phone and on the head unit. Is there a reason you have turned it off. With it on, you can use the "BT connected" or "BT Near" conditions to launch WiFi tethering for #1 as well. If you're worried about battery drain (which you shouldn't really), then you can have a power state condition so it triggers when you're charging only and turns on BT.
3, 4 and 5. If you have your contacts on your Google account, since you'll have internet from WiFi you just need to log into it on the head unit. Same for your streaming and Google Maps.