Morphology Katamba
Lilliana Adames
Francis X. Katamba (born 1947) is a Ugandan-born British linguist. He is currently an emeritus professor at the Department of Linguistics and English Language of Lancaster University, United Kingdom.[1] His research focuses on Luganda phonology and morphology, English phonology and morphology, morphological theory, phonological theory, and African linguistics.[2]
In his book, entitled Morphology and published in 2005, Katamba extended his analysis to otherareas in linguistics to have a grasp of the morphology of words, but also a better understanding of the relationship between morphology, phonology and semantics, in addition to an overview of sociolinguistics and psycholinguistics.
Francis is Professor of Linguistics within the Department. His research interests are in the areas of English phonology and morphology, morphological theory, phonological theory, and African linguistics.
This popular introductory textbook offers a lively and comprehensive introduction to current morphological theory and analysis, enabling beginners to approach current literature in the subject with confidence. Part I develops students' understanding of traditional and structuralist notions of word structure and provides them with a firm grounding in word structure and word formation. Part II explores the relationship between morphology and phonology, while Part III looks at morphology in relation to syntax and the lexicon. Numerous practical exercises which involve formulating hypotheses and testing them against linguistic data cement the reader's understanding of the field.
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NOTE: The material covered in the lectures will come (for the most part) from the Katamba book. This book gives a good introduction to the basic components/terminology of morphology in an easy-to-follow manner. Unfortunately, it is now out of print. The Spencer book does an excellent job of comparing theories constructed to explain word structure. However, it seems to require some knowledge of the basics of morphology, as well as phonology and syntax. Feel free to supplement your knowledge of the topics we cover by reading about them in the Spencer book, but be aware that I will require you to understand the concepts as I present them in class.
Course description:
This semester, we will consider what morphology is, what its place isin relation to other areas of linguistics, and particular approachesto morphological analysis. The bulk of coursework will be learningconcepts and terminology necessary to begin looking at morphologyfrom a critical/analytical perspective. We will also examine data tobecome more familiar with some of the interesting morphologicalphenomena found among the worlds languages. The emphasis willbe on constructing morphological hypotheses and developing goodlinguistic argumentation.
Assignments must be turned in on time. Unless extraordinarycircumstances can be documented, no assignments will be acceptedafter the beginning of class on the day the assignment is due. Noassignments will be accepted after they have been handed back orreviewed in class.
You may work on problem sets in groups, however, theanswers must be presented individually and in your ownwords. Plagarism will not be tolerated. Remember that homeworkassignments are not only a way for me to assess your progress, butalso for you to self-assess. Relying on others to come to conclusionsregarding problem sets will not help you to come to the correctsolutions to exam problems.
Exams:
There will be NO multiple-choice questions. You mustunderstand the basic concepts and how they relate to one another andactual language data. Therefore, exams are composed of shortanswer questions and problem sets.
The final exam is cumulative.
What is the relationship between productivity and inflection/derivation?
What are the two problems with using productivity to determine the affixation type?
Are all functions always inflectional or always derivational cross-linguistically? Explain.
What is the relationship between level of inflection and looseness of word order?
Know some different types of grammatical case: Nominative, Accusative, Dative
Know some different types of oblique case: Instrumental, Location, Direction
Understand the two major categories of case systems:
Are the temporal categories of past, present, future used in every language?
Understand the importance of: Realis, Irrealis
Do all languages realize mood via auxiliary verbs (like English)?
Know different types of moods, including: Potential, Epistemic, Evidential, Debitive
How do lexicons vary from person to person?
Why is it difficult to determine exactly what is stored?
Why is it difficult to determine the exact meaning?
Understand the concept of potential words.
Be able to determine the head/heads of a compound
What is the Right-hand Head Rule, and what does it tell us/help us with?
Understand the idea of percolation and be able to discuss the relevance to compounding
What is the controversy regarding the Right-hand Head Rule, inflectional affixes, and derivational affixes?
Morphology is a lively, comprehensive introduction to morphological theory and analysis in contemporary generative grammar. It is designed to take absolute beginners to a point where they can approach the current literature in the subject. It contains numerous in-text exercises which involve the reader in doing morphology by formulating hypotheses and testing them against data from English and numerous other languages. Although primarily intended to be a course book for use on morphology courses, it will also be useful for students taking courses in the closely related sub-fields of phonology and syntax. The book is divided into three parts:. Part 1 surveys traditional and structuralist notions of word-structure which still provide the necessary background to morphological investigations. Part 2 explores the relationship between the lexicon, morphology and phonology in current generative grammar. Part 3 examines issues in the interaction between the lexicon, morphology and syntax.
Devayan is a language spoken by tribes inhabiting particular parts of Simelue Island, an island in the Indian ocean spread along the western part of Aceh Province, Indonesia. In the Island, there are three mother languages, namely Devayan, Sigulai, and Leukon language. Devayan language is spoken in seven districts, namely Simelue Cut, Simelue Timur, Simelue Tengah, Teupah Barat, Teupah Tengah, Teupah Selatan, and Teluk Dalam. There is a serious concern that the language of Devayan tends to be unpopular especially among younger generations in the community.
We intend to investigate the morphological tipology of Devayan with focusing on the process of affixation. Word formation is a very interesting morphological phenomenon to be analyzed. It has been done on some local languages in Indonesia but so far its discussion has very limited and they were mostly described in traditional descriptive. Therefore, it needs a more sophisticated theoretical model, such as the theory of generative morphology developed by Halle (1973), Aronoff (1976), Scalise (1984), and Dardjowidjojo (1988) in the approach to the study of word formation resulting in order to conclude more comprehensive description.
Based on the analysis, the affixation process in Devayan language is in accordance with the rule of word formation that regulates agglutination among morphems to form the actual and potential words. Potential word formation is classified as lingual unit that does not exist due to meet the requirements. Word formation rule that meets all requirements but not existed in the language have not been output from the filter as words written in the dictionary.
In this level, morphology is the study of a word structure. With the development of structural and generative linguistics, the separation of the linguistic level is fading and further developing toward the relationship doctrine toward a focusing on one level of linguistic analysis (Katamba, 1993). Therefore, morphological analysis related to other levels such as phonology, syntax, and semantic allows for more comprehensive morphologic process.
Katamba (1993) states that the morphology is the study of the structure of a word, while Nida (1949) regarded morphology as the study of morphemes and their distribution in a word formation. In International Encyclopedia of Linguistics (2003) mentioned that the range of traditional Morphology includes (1) inflectional morphology that studies how words vary in expressing grammatical differences in a sentence and (2) derivational morphology that studies the principles that govern the formation of words without referring to a particular grammatical role in a sentence. In the model of Bauer (1983), morphology includes inflection and word formation, which in turn it can be divided into (a) the derivation and (b) composition (compounding).
The formation of causative verbs in English, for example, is a pretty interesting morphological phenomenon to be studied. So far the discussion about causative verbs and/or the process of word formation is merely limited to traditional descriptive; therefore, we need a more sophisticated theoretical model (such as Generative Morphology) to the study of causative verbs in a more comprehensive analysis.
We can understand the universality of a language, but a language is also arbitrary and to some extent every language has its own uniqueness that is not shared by other languages. On the basis of this, the typical pattern of word formation linguists morphological typology distinguishes five languages namely: (1) analytic languages (also called isolating), (2) agglutinating languages (also called agglutinative), (3) inflecting languages (also called synthetic or fissional), (4) incorporating languages (also called polysynthetic), and (5) infixing languages (Katamba, 1993). However, both theoretical models are adequate to explain the phenomenon of the formation of English words, a number of components of the concept proposed in this model (especially DM and KPK) still invite discussion or question and still leaves the cases that could not be explained and require fusion and adjustment of the model to be applied on a case study or a certain data corpus.
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