When using scientific evidence in the origins debate, I think a lot of frustration is the result of different assumptions about the structure of the argument and the terms of engagement. Here are some ideas on this (not abandoning my OOL thread btw, just wanting to give this topic some prominence).
One way to summarise my own perspective is as a tension between what I’d call GOD-OF-THE-GAPs vs GOD-OF-THE-GULFS. The former is to prematurely identify a gap in naturalistic explanations as evidence of for supernatural agency, when simply more time and research is needed to find a naturalistic hypothesis. The latter is to identify a gap in naturalistic explanations which, over time, is resistant to plausible naturalistic hypotheses. I use the term “gulf” to refer to cases where the gap appears to be actually deepening/widening as scientific understanding increases.
The tension arises in deciding when, if ever, a gap becomes a gulf. Ultimately that’s a personal decision of course.
It must be acknowledged that science has made (and continues to make) incredible progress in modelling observed phenomena. So anyone claiming the appearance of a ‘gulf’ should provide evidence contrary to this trend. The evidence I would cite (and have previously; samples below) are ongoing upward revisions in the complexity of life. This does not constitute proof by any means, but it demonstrates a potential sustained trend in the ‘gulf’ direction.
I’ve probably been guilty of in the past of overstating the notion typified by Dawkin’s assertion that Darwin allows you to be an “intellectually fulfilled atheist”. Darwinism surely gave modern atheism a credibility boost, but it turns out there were intellectually fulfilled atheists before 1850 :). So there’s no showstopper presumed here. No-one is going to be compelled to believe in God or no God by evidence and argument alone.
Consider this thought experiment: what if, after another 50 years of research, scientists unanimously declared that no workable naturalistic explanation for the origin of life could be found, and in fact the problem had become more intractable than ever, particularly as understanding of the complexity of the simplest cell dramatically increased over that time?
I’d call this a ‘gulf’, and a pointer to supernatural agency. But you might say, no, let’s keep looking, no need to invoke the divine. It’s a personal choice, based on a complex and often unconscious set of factors.
When I do street evangelism, many people say, “Science has proven there’s no need for God.” I’m under no illusion that creationist counter-arguments won't by themselves win anyone over. But they can open up some people to consider that rumours of God’s death may be greatly exaggerated.
Given the hypothetical above, I think many people would respond by acknowledging intelligent design as a possible rational explanation. And many others would not. Which God or gods you may then consider, if any, is another question again.
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Examples of ongoing upward revisions in the complexity of life (and therefore greater difficulty for naturalistic explanations)...
“Researchers have shown that translation of the genetic information stored in our DNA is much more complex than previously thought. This discovery was made by developing a type of advanced microscopy that directly visualizes the translation of the genetic code in a living cell.”
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/06/190606133759.htm
“DNA is life's blueprint? No, there's far more to it than that Much of we thought we knew about the genome is proving too simplistic, show The Deeper Genome and The Developing Genome. New metaphors, anyone?”
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg22630251-000-dna-is-lifes-blueprint-no-theres-far-more-to-it-than-that/
“Recent studies have described even more layers of codes and ways the genetic system is ordered in each cell. Two completely new superimposed codes have been described that greatly complicate genetic regulation—messenger RNA folding, and multi use codons called “duons.” In addition, this week the large international FANTOM project published 16 studies that demonstrate vast new complexity in the way DNA regions are triggered. In fact, more and more new studies reveal higher levels of genetic complexity.”
http://jonlieffmd.com/blog/new-studies-reveal-higher-levels-of-genetic-complexity
“According to Neo-Darwinian theory, major evolutionary changes occur as a result of the selection of random, fortuitous genetic mutations over time. However, some researchers say this theory does not satisfactorily account for the appearance of radically different life forms and their rich complexity, particularly that observed in vertebrates like humans.”
https://www.thethirdwayofevolution.com/related-reading
“Though speculative, the model addresses the poignant absence in the literature of any plausible account of the origin of vertebrate morphology. A robust solution to the problem of morphogenesis—currently an elusive goal—will only emerge from consideration of both top-down (e.g., the mechanical constraints and geometric properties considered here) and bottom-up (e.g., molecular and mechano-chemical) influences.”
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079610716300542
“New research published in 2017 has discovered that the tail system is far more complex than thought 50 years ago. The front design is vital to transmit information to distant parts of the tail to enable it to function as an effective unit for steering and propelling the sperm to its end goal.[i] The system works by complex elasto-hydrodynamics that we can only briefly outline here. Each tail is programmed to produce slightly different movements in order for the sperm to reach the egg.”
http://www.theoriginoflife.net/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=628:sperm-tail-is-far-more-complex-than-thought&catid=81&Itemid=108
“Recent studies have identified many exceptions to the widely held view that signal sequences are simple, degenerate and interchangeable. Growing evidence indicates that signal sequences contain information that specifies the choice of targeting pathway, the efficiency of translocation, the timing of cleavage and even postcleavage functions. As a consequence, signal sequences can have important roles in modulating protein biogenesis.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16919958