初学太极拳须知Beginner taiji Notes

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David Chen

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Jun 8, 2015, 4:43:43 AM6/8/15
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初学太极拳须知(文/吴公仪)

2015-06-03 三丰堂&守中学社 太极文化

太极拳之动作,与吾人日常习惯,或所运用者,多有不同或相反之地方,吾人须要留心矫正,先从外表之姿态言,应要依照下列四项:

一、虚领顶颈,顶颈是指头容正直,仿佛有颈贯顶之意,头为一身之主宰,头容正直,精神方能振作,不过正直之中,宜含虚灵(即不用力之意,方为合法,十三势歌云:满身轻利顶头悬。),若意外遇到跌仆时。而头部不致触地受伤,即此“顶头悬”之功。

二、涵胸拔背,涵胸是胸部向内微凹,使横膈下降,以为气沉丹田之助,拔背是背部向外微凸,使脊柱垂直,力发于背,阅者不可误会如此姿势,会影响肺部发育或呼吸,若然,恐是过犹不及之误,此姿势如同僧人合什,复放下双手时之姿势无异,纯任自然,安舒毫不勉强。

三、松腰垂臀,松腰即使腰部轻松之意,太极拳之转动变化,皆系于腰,故曰:命意源头在腰隙。腰部舒展,不但气易下沉,运转灵敏,而且下部得力,不致有上重下轻之弊。垂臀是使臀部下垂,不向外突,凡蹲身时宜注意,方不致为松腰之障碍,若突臀,必至连带发生挺胸、气促、身浮与腰硬之毛病,使得身体变成刚整,最易失去重心。

四、沉肩坠肘,肩不沉,则胸廓以上皆受束缚,气向上逆,肘不垂,则劲不能长,而两肋亦失其保护,尤要者,欲求其松,非沉肩坠肘不为功也。

以上四项,均为著重吾人生理上自然之姿势,力避矜持之态度,使得全身松沉然后方能轻灵变化,圆转自如。

至于涉及精神方面之准备,则有下列二项:

一、纯以意行,太极拳最忌用力,对于各种动作,须以意贯之,如导引家之运气无异,譬如两手上举,并非手自行向上,而是意使之向上,意不停则手不停,意一断,则手即不动,日久自能养成一种想象力,所谓:以心行气,以气运身。此为吾人心理支配生理之妙用。

初学之人,能知此理,能知不妄用力,对于平淡无奇之练法,便易于渐入佳境,而不致有厌倦之意。一套太极拳,练数十年而不辍而不厌者,盖以其非使运动身体,作姿势之表现,而实运用心意,内蕴无穷变化,意味深长,有如弈棋及书法,九而弥精,永无止境。

二、形神合一。太极拳所练在神,故盘架子时,精神必须内敛,使与肢体之运动,合而为一,然后方能感觉敏锐,举动轻灵。《行功心解》云:全身意在精神。苟神不在。意亦无存,虽手足舞动,可谓全无意思。

此外,就气之方面言,最要气沉丹田,但必须呼吸自然,初学者切不可自作聪明,误解用气,关于此点,鉴泉师言之确切,师云:凡人喝茶用饭之际,从不注意到呼吸,亦未闻有人因喝茶用饭而坏者,苟喝茶用饭时,亦要研究何时为呼?何时为吸?如何如何用气?如是而不坏者几希,此为最简而明之解释。

外表姿态,与内在之意、气神方面,既已清楚,吾人可以开始练习矣。练习太极拳,通称“练架子”,亦称“盘架子”,但不如吾人日常所惯称之“打拳”为简便,打拳只须有方丈之地,便够应用。在一般事务纷繁之人,早晚最好练习两次,每次约费一刻钟或半点钟,即可得到却病延年之奇效,饭后或过饱,最好稍事休息,然后开始。如精神疲倦,练一趟拳,可以振作精神;若心神恍惚,意无所属之时,不如不练。练时之环境以静为佳,空气清新固好,惟有时偶然紧闭窗户,练完可能出一身汗,亦未尝无益处。打拳后如觉腿部过强,可略微散步,籍作调剂。饱食足睡,为运动之根本,如机器之有充足燃料。以言炼丹修道,又当别论。

太极拳之规则繁拳所有拳之经、论、十三势歌等等,其中之每一句、每一字,均为规则。顾此失彼,初学者实无须虑许多,其大要为慢与不用力,神凝,以意行之。《基础八要》曰:中、正、安、舒、轻、灵、圆、活。最为赅简。如体弱有病者,尤不可心急,须缓进;体魄壮健者,不妨多练,先求形之相似,次求势之正确,末以意运用之。拳为推手与器械之基础,最要留意。

练拳之快慢,亦须加以解释。初学时,动作生疏,当然要慢,况太极拳是以慢为原则,此时一套拳约不超过十五分钟,姿势纯熟后,可以再慢,至二十分钟、三十分钟,或超过之。意之所至,不可勉强。慢既练有成绩,快亦要练,快是求身手敏捷,意气灵活——此为由慢训练而来——能练到真慢与真快之境界,可谓有相当成绩。何以言之?初学之慢,非真慢,乃断续、凸凹、姿势不正确之慢;初学之快,非真快,因非全体之快,手动而腰未动,腰动而腿未发,使全身皆快,意不能快,亦系徒然。形活意灵,内外相合,岂是一朝一夕之功?

练拳须有“三多”,一曰:多打,勤而行之,进境自速;二曰:多看,导师教人时要多看,可以增加领悟,别人打拳时要看,籍以观摩,并考验一己之观察、判断好坏之能力;三曰:多想,好学深思,经云:默识揣摩,暇时对于此中之经论或学理,多加研究,以为体验。练习既有成绩,尚须教授别人,教学可以相长也。

要之:练太极拳首重信仰心与兴趣,既有信仰心与兴趣,方能在任何环境之下,而继续练习,持之以恒。不然,一暴十寒,亦难收伟大之效果。不过,太极拳所练,劲入于骨,练后功夫不易丢失;倘不辍研求,老而弥精,不比其他只注重肌肉或气力之运动,年纪长大,有一年不如一年之感。

十三势歌曰:入门引路须口授,功夫无息法自修。因为功夫无息,学无止境,故成为一种艺术。深愿学者,力加研究,百尺竿头,更进一步。


David Chen

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Jul 27, 2015, 2:29:32 AM7/27/15
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Tai Chi movement, and 吾人 daily habits, or by the use, the more places there are different or contrary, 吾人 need to pay attention to correct, starting with the appearance of the posture statement, shall be in accordance with the following four:
A virtual collar top of the neck, the neck is the top container upright finger, as if the top of the neck consistent meaning, first-dominated one, the first container integrity, spirit can only cheer, but being honest, should contain Ethereal (ie not force Italy, as a legitimate party, 13 potential song goes: Lee head covered with a light hanging), if the unexpected encounter or servant. The head will not touch the ground injured, that this "head hanging" of power.
Second, Han chest pull back, chest Han chest inward dimples make the diaphragm down that air-assisted Shen pubic region, the pull back is outwardly convex back, the spine vertical force occurs in the back, who can not read so misunderstood posture, or breathing can affect lung development, and if so, for fear of error is too far, this posture as monks together even complex gesture hands down when it is no different from any naturally pure, refreshing no reluctance.
Third, hanging loose waist hip, loose waist waist relaxed even in Italy, the rotation change of Taijiquan, are tied to the waist, hence the saying: the source of life meaning in the waist gap. Waist stretch, not only easy to sink gas, sensitive operation, and lower part of the effective, will not have a top-heavy disadvantages. Vertical hip is to make Tunbuxiachui, not sudden outward, where Dunshen time should be noted that the parties will not loose waist of obstacles, if sudden hip, will be to jointly chest, shortness of breath occurs with epidural floating body of problems, so that the body becomes Just a whole, the most easy to lose focus.
Fourth, Chen Jian falling elbow, shoulder unsinkable, the thorax to be bound by all of the above, gas up against, not the elbow down, the strength is not long, but also missing the costal protection, especially to those who, desires its loose, non Chen Jian falling elbow is not gong.
These four, are focusing on posture 吾人 physiological nature, to avoid the reserved attitude of the force so that the body can only ethereal song Shen then changed round to ease.
As for the mental preparation involved, then the following two items:
First, the pure lines to Italy, tai chi very sensitive to force, for a variety of actions intended to be consistent with such luck guide home of the same, such as lifting the hands, not hand themselves up, but the intention to make it up, intended to keep the hand constantly, meaning a break, the hand that is not moving, falling from imagination can develop a so-called: the heart qi, to air transport body. This is the magical effect of physiological psychological domination I.
Beginner person, to know this reason, to know not jump hard, the training method for bland, it is easy getting better, but will not have the meaning of boredom. A tai chi, practiced for decades and who stopped working and tire cover its non-enabled sports body posture for the performance of, and the real use of the mind, intrinsic endless change, meaningful, like chess and calligraphy, while nine Mi fine, endless.
Second, God-shaped one. When practicing tai chi in God, so disk shelf, spirit must be restrained, so that the movement of the limb, the one, then order a keen sense, move ethereal. "Heart Solutions line of work," says: the body is intended spirit. Gou is not God. Meaning no deposit, although hand-foot dancing, indeed no meaning.
Furthermore, aspects of gas words, most to gas Shen pubic region, but must breathe naturally, beginners must not try to be smart, misunderstanding gas, on this point, Stephen exact words division, the division says: Mortal tea meal occasion, never noticed breathing, nor smell was due to have tea with rice and bad person, Gou tea meal time, we have to study and when to call? When withdrawing? How how gas? Not bad by several Greek case, but this is the most simple explanation Ming.
Appearance attitude, and inner meaning, terms of gas God, Now that is clear, you can start practicing 吾人 carry. Practice tai chi, known as "practicing shelf", also known as "disk shelf," but not as good as I used to call it everyday "boxing" as simple, as long as boxing has abbot of the land, it is enough for the application. In the general affairs of numerous people, sooner or later, the best practice twice about a quarter of an hour or half an hour fee, you can get miraculous cure sickness, or fullness after a meal, it is best to take a break, and then began. Such as mental fatigue, practicing boxing trip, you can take heart; if absentminded, meaning no time belongs, the better not to practice. Environmental practice when it is better to quiet, fresh air is good, but only when you accidentally closed a window, had finished may Chuyishenhan also does no good. After boxing as the legs feel too strong, you can walk a little, membership for the swap. Satiation enough sleep, the movement as a fundamental, as there is plenty of fuel equipment. Words to alchemy monasticism, again a different matter.
Traditional Tai Chi Fist rule boxing after all, theory, 13 potential songs and so on, of which every sentence, every word, all the rules. Loss, without taking into account many real beginners, its great to be slower and not force, Shenning to the line of meaning. "Basic Eight Musts" said: in a positive, safe, comfortable, light, spirit, circle, live. Most Gai Jane. As frail sick person, especially not in a hurry, must jog; enjoy robust health who may wish to practice, the first form of seeking similar views Striving for correct use of the end to Italy. Fist of push-based hands and the instruments, the most should pay attention to.
Boxing's speed, shall be explained. Beginners, unfamiliar action, of course, slow, slow is the principle of tai chi situation, this time about a fist not more than fifteen minutes, after skillful position, you can then slow to twenty minutes, thirty minutes, or more than The. Yi Zhisuo to, not reluctantly. Slow practice both the result and also to practice fast, fast is seeking agile, flexible and emotional - this by slow train coming - can be trained to really slow and really fast realm, can be a considerable achievement. Why words? Slow beginner, the non-real slow, is intermittent, punch, posture slow; fast beginner, the non-real fast, because all of the non-fast, hand and did not move back, waist and legs did not move hair, so that the body all fast, meaning not fast, but also tie in vain. Shaped living spiritual meaning, consistency inside and outside, did not happen overnight?
Boxing must have "three", one said: multi-hit, ground line, the entry from the speed; second is: look, when instructors teach people to look at, can increase understanding, while others look at boxing, membership to observe, observe and test his own ability to judge good or bad; third is: to think, thoughtful, studious, by saying: tacit try to figure out, when leisure or for by the theory of theoretical herein, be more research, that experience. Exercise both achievements and yet others professor, teaching may be the long.
To the: taijiquan first heavy heart and interest in faith, the faith of both heart and interest, in order under any circumstances, but continued to practice and perseverance. Otherwise, Yipushihan, hardly received the great effect. However, practice tai chi, strength into the bone, after practicing kung fu is not easy to lose; if Buchuo research requirements, the old and refined, other than focus only on sport muscle or strength, the young grow up, year after year there is a sense of .
13 potential Song said: Beginner lead the way to be dictated, interest-free method of self-study effort. Because interest-free effort, life-long learning, it becomes an art. Would that scholars of the Canadian study, continuing success in the future.
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