Ledger Notebook: Columnar 5 Column Burning Chinesische
Oleta Blaylock
LCs are classified in various ways, such as: depending on the molar mass of the constituent molecules, low molar mass (monomeric and oligomeric) and high molar mass (polymeric) LCs; depending on the process by which the liquid crystalline phase is obtained, whether by adding solvent (lyotropic) or by changing the temperature (thermotropic); depending on the nature of the constituent molecules (organic, inorganic, ionic, organometallic); depending on the geometrical shape of the molecules (rod-like, disc-like); and depending on the arrangement of the molecules in the liquid crystalline phase (nematic, smectic, columnar, helical, B phases and so on). The most common class of LCs commonly known as calamitic LCs are derived from rod-like molecules.26 They have primarily been exploited for their applications in LC displays.27 Calamitic LCs were discovered more than a century ago in 1888 when Reinitzer28 noticed an unusual double melting behavior of cholesterol benzoate. For about 90 years, it was believed that only rod-like (calamitic) molecules can form LCs when Chandrasekhar et al.29 synthesized and realized the LC phases of disk-like molecules. These are now commonly referred to as discotic LCs (DLCs). Both calamitic and discotic mesogens exhibit nematic (having only long-range orientational order) or higher order smectic and columnar phases (Figure 2).
HBC is one of the largest and highly symmetrical all-benzenoid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that has recently been realized to function as a core fragment for generating DLCs by Müllen and co-workers.76 HBC-based DLCs show columnar phases with remarkably high mesophase breadth and charge-carrier mobilities.77, 78 They act as donor materials (p-type, hole-transporting semiconductors) in electronic devices. Schmidt-Mende et al.6 prepared an OPV device using a HBC-based DLC, HBC-PhC12, 1a (Figure 4) in combination with an organic soluble electron-accepting perylenediimide (PDI) dye, 2a (Figure 5) to produce thin films with vertically segregated perylene and hexabenzocoronene with large interfacial surface area.
Wong et al.87, 88 prepared a number of fluorenyl-substituted HBC (FHBC) and their thiophene dendrimers (Figure 4, structure 1m, 1o, 1p, 1q, 1r and 1s). Formation of columnar structures is reported in these materials by X-ray diffraction studies. BHJ solar cells with the structure ITO/PEDOT:PSS/FHBC/PC61BM (1:2 w/w)/TiOx/Al were fabricated and PCE up to 2.5% was observed in these devices (Table 1).87, 88 In these devices, [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) and [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) have been used as electron acceptor. Addition of HBC-based amphiphilic interface modifier improves the PCE of the device made of compound 1o and PC61BM by 20%.89
The Doric entablature is in three parts, the architrave, the frieze and the cornice. The architrave is composed of the stone lintels which span the space between the columns, with a joint occurring above the centre of each abacus. On this rests the frieze, one of the major areas of sculptural decoration. The frieze is divided into triglyphs and metopes, the triglyphs, as stated elsewhere in this article, are a reminder of the timber history of the architectural style. Each triglyph has three vertical grooves, similar to the columnar fluting, and below them, seemingly connected, are guttae, small strips that appear to connect the triglyphs to the architrave below.[40] A triglyph is located above the centre of each capital, and above the centre of each lintel. However, at the corners of the building, the triglyphs do not fall over the centre the column. The ancient architects took a pragmatic approach to the apparent "rules", simply extending the width of the last two metopes at each end of the building.
Ancient granite columns have been a pervasive element in the architecture of Rome since the Imperial era. However, in the fifteenth century, just as the effort to revive Antiquity intensified, these ubiquitous and durable ancient columns fell out of use. It was instead the stone travertine that became the columnar material of choice. Yet, just as quickly as this change occurred, within an exceptionally short period of thirty years, beginning with the construction of the Palazzo della Cancelleria courtyard, Rome saw a renascence in their application. While little has been made of this material shift, this article argues that the sudden extensive employment of spoliated granite columns was a crucial component in the recovery of a distinctly local Roman Antiquity. It was through the use and transformation of spolia that builders and patrons attempted to create an architecture that not only recalled Antiquity, but resubstantiated it, literally making it whole again.
However, duplicated renal malformation located in sinus renalis is an extremely rare anatomical variation. To the best of our knowledge, there is rare report concerning this malformation. In this study, we reported an extremely rare renal duplication: another little duplex kidney located in renal sinus. It is generally asymptomatic or presents with non-specific symptoms, and thus missed easily by clinician. On the plain computed tomography (CT) images, the abnormal renal shaped mass in the renal sinus is very easily misdiagnosed as the renal pelvis mass. Moreover, distinguishing it from renal columnar hypertrophy is very difficult during arterial and venous phases of the enhancement because of its similar enhancement to kidney. However, the CT pyelographic phase images demonstrate clearly that tubular contrast medium from the renal shaped mass merges into the renal pelvis, which verifies the existence of the duplicated renal pelvis.
cabal cabal-arena cabal-city cabal-pit cabal-slaver-ons cabaretti cabaretti-staff cabaretti-symbol cabbage cable cacophony-god cactus cadia cadian cadian-symbol cadira cadoras-damellawar cadric cage cair-andros cairn cake caldaia caldera calendar caligo calim caliman calipers calix callaphe calligraphy callipygian caltrop camel cameo camera camouflage camouflage-ghost campfire canal canary candelabra candelabrum candle candlekeep candlestick candy candy-cane cane canine cannibal cannon cannonball cannon-fodder canoe canoeing canoptek-scarab cantaloupe canteen canyon cao-cao cao-ren cap caparison caparocti cape cape-geography capelet capenna-plane capsized-vessel captain-parrish captain-storm capture capybara car caracal caradhras carah carapace caravan carcass carcass-as-building card card-art cardz-logo cargo carmen carnifex carnival-game carnival-performance carnival-ride carnival-stand carnivore-plant carnivore-tree carnophage carpet carrack carriage carrier carrion carrot carry-a-body cart carth cartography cartomancy cartoon cartouche carved-out carving caryatid cash-register casket cassius-marcellus castle castle-ardenvale castle-embereth castle-garenbrig castle-locthwain castle-sengir castle-vantress cat cat catachan-jungle-fighters catachan-symbol catacomb catapult cateran caterpillar cat-eye cathar cathedral catoblepas cattail catti-brie cat-warrior cauldron cavalry cave cave-of-light cave-painting cavern cazur cecily ceiling celebdil celeborn celebr-8000 celebrating celesta celestine-warhammer-40k celestus cello celtic-knot cement cemetery cenobite censer centaur centered-perspective centipede cephalid ceratok cerberus ceremony cerise cerodon cervin chain chainer chainmail chainsaw chain-sword chainsword chain-whip chair chakram chalice chalkboard chamber chamber-of-the-guildpact chamber-of-the-obzedat chameleon chancers-vale chandelier chandler chandra chandra-nalaar chandra-s-regulator changeling changeling-dnd changeling-goo chaos chaos-faction chaos-space-marine chaos-spawn chaos-symbol-warhammer-40k chapel chapiter character charcoal chardansearavitriol charge charging chariot charix charm charmed-sleep charnovokh-symbol charred chase chasm chatterfang checkered checkpoint cheering cheese cheeseburger cheetah chef chef-hat cherry cherry-blossom cherry-blossom-petal cherubael cheryl-williams chess chest chest-container chest-hair cheval-de-frise chevill chibi chick chicken child chime chimera chimil chimney china chinchilla chinese-character chinese-text chipmunk chipped-weapon chira chisei chisel chishiro chiss-goria chitin cho-arrim cho-arrim-symbol chocolate-chip-cookies choice choke chokehold choker cho-manno chop chopping-block chopstick chorus christmas chromatic-dragon chrome chrome-host chromium-rhuell chubby chuck-norris chulane chun-li chupacabra church church-of-dusk church-of-serra church-pew chuul chwinga cicada cigar cinder-elemental cinderella circle circle-of-people circle-of-weapons circlet circu circular-door circus cirdan cirith-ungol cirrus citadel-gate-baldurs-gate city city-of-traitors cityscape city-tree-selesnya-conclave claire-brown clam clamfolk clan-raukaan-symbol clan-umezawa clapping clara-oswald clare-d-loon classroom claugiyliamatar clavileno claw claw-marks claws clean-slice clearing clear-sky cleavage cleavage-window cleaver clenched-fist clenched-teeth cleric cliff cliff-dwelling cliffgate cliffjumper cliffside climate-change climb climbing clipboard cloak cloakwood cloche clock clock-tower clockwork clockwork-droid clockwork-key clockwork-orange-eyes clone closed-door closed-eye closed-eyes closed-fist closed-space closet close-up cloth clothing cloud clouded-sky clouds cloud-trail cloudy cloudy-sky clover clown clownfish club coalition-symbol coast coast-way coat coatl cobblestone cobra cobweb cockatrice cocktail coconut cocoon code codex codie coffee coffin cog cogworker-s-puzzleknot coif coil coin coinfeeding coin-purse colander cold-breath-weapon cold-climate colfenor collage collapsing collar colonnade colored-hair colorful color-pie colos colosseum colossus column columnar-jointing comb combat combined-guild-symbol comet comet-character comic-style command-rod commodore-guff commune-with-animal compass compass-drawing compass-rose compleated-planeswalker compleation complete-coalition-symbol composite-bow compost compsognathus computer concentration condor confetti conflagration confused conifer conquistador conservatory constellation construct constructed-archway construction consulate consulate-enforcer consulate-symbol container contest continuity-error contorted-limb contract contraption contrast contrasting-colors control-panel converter-beast conveyor-belt cookie cooking copper-dragon copper-host coral coralhelm core core-set-eighth-edition cork corkscrew cormela corn corner cornfield cornrows cornucopia coronation corondor corpse corpse-art corpse-pile corpus-brethren corpus-brethren-symbol corridor corrosion corsage corsair-of-umbar corset cosi-god cosima cosmium cosplay costume cottage cougar cough count-dracula countermagic counters couple court-of-law court-street covered-face covering-ears cow coward cowboy-hat cower cowering cowl cowl-location cozy crab crack cracked-earth cracked-stone crafting craghorn crags crane-bird crane-machinery crank crash crate crater cravat crawl crawling crazy creation-date creation-of-adam creature-armor creature-mob creeping creepy crenelation crepuscular-ray crescent crescent-moon crest crested-helmet crib cricket crickhollow cridhe cringing criss-cross-apple-sauce crocodile croissant cromat crook crosis cross crossbow crossbreed-labs crossbreed-labs-symbol crossed-eyes crossed-legs cross-legged cross-section cross-species-friendship crouch crouching crovax crow crowbar crowd crowd-surfing crown crows-nest crucible crumble crush crustacean crutch crying crying-blood crying-mask crying-mask-of-yawgmoth crypt cryptid cryptolith crystal crystal-ball crystal-body crystal-dragon c-tan cub cube cube-fortnite cubism cuddle cuddle-team-leader cudgel cuirass cuisses cult cultist cup cupboard cupcake curled-up curly-hair cursed-item curse-guy curtain curtsy cushion custodi-symbol cute cutlass cuttlefish cyberman cyberpunk cybertron cyborg cyborg-animal cyclone cyclonus cyclops cylix cymbals cymede cypress
aa06259810