Executive Summary
The Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments (COG) recently launched a new initiative in the region to advance district energy systems, combined heat & power (CHP), and microgrids. Deployment of these technologies, which we refer to collectively as Community Energy Systems (CES) has the potential to: cut emissions of criteria pollutants and greenhouse gases (GHG); reduce peak power demand; enhance energy security by providing local and more reliable sources of energy; reduce energy cost volatility; and strengthen the local economy by spending more energy dollars locally.
Local governments have a range of potential opportunities to facilitate implementation of CES through zoning, regulations, ordinances, policies and programs. This report describes current policies and regulations in the COG region, summarizes examples of policies elsewhere, and recommends best practice strategies for consideration by COG jurisdictions.
Awareness, Information & EducationThe report describes fundamental characteristics of CES and the resulting challenges faced in implementing these systems, including those relating to:
Leadership
Price Signals
Capital Costs
Air Emissions Permitting
Land Use
Lack of Integrated Planning
Siting
Grid Access
Internationally, CES activity is greatest in countries and provinces which have established strong energy efficiency and GHG reduction goals, with taxation, financing assistance, portfolio standards and other policies and programs that provide price signals that encourage CES implementation. Given the overall political and legal framework in the US generally and the COG region specifically, COG region jurisdictions cannot rely on this type of broader policy support.
However, local jurisdictions can help facilitate development of CES in a number of ways, depending on specific state and local laws and policies...
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