This element encloses text which should be rendered by the browser as boldface. Because the meaning of the B element defines the appearance of the content it encloses, this element is considered a "physical" markup element. As such, it doesn't convey the meaning of a semantic markup element such as strong.
HTML should contain structured content; publisher CSS should suggest styles for that content. That way user agents can expose the structured content with useful styling and navigational controls to users who can't see your suggested bold styling (e.g. users of search engines, totally blind users using screen readers, poorly sighted users using their own colors and fonts, geeky users using text browsers, users of voice-controlled, speaking browsers like Opera for Windows). Thus the right way to make text bold depends on why you want to style it bold. For example:
Want to embolden labels for form fields? Use a "label" element, programmatically associate it with the the relevant "select", "input" or "textarea" element by giving it a "for" attribute matching an "id" attribute on the target, and suggest a bold style for it within your CSS ("label font-weight: bold;").
Want to embolden a heading for a group of related fields in a form, such as a group of radio choices? Surround them with a "fieldset" element, give it a "legend" element, and suggest a bold style for it within your CSS ("legend font-weight: bold;").
Want to distinguish the title of a referenced film or album from surrounding text? Use a "cite" element with a class ("cite class="movie-title"), and suggest a bold style for it within your CSS (".movie-title font-weight: bold;").
Want to heavily stress some text, perhaps for a warning ("Beware the dog!")? Use a "strong" element and suggest a bold style for it within your CSS (e.g. "strong font-weight: bold;").
Can't find an HTML element with the right semantics to express /why/ you want to make this particular text bold? Wrap it in a generic "span" element, give it a meaningful class name that expresses your rationale for distinguishing that text ("Let me begin this news article with a sentence that summarizes it.), and suggest a bold style for it within your CSS (".lede font-weight: bold;". Before making up your own class names, you might want to check if there's a microformat (microformats.org) or common convention for what you want to express.
The renaming takes places when the PDF is created (by whatever application). Unless it is a PDF/X, there's no standard to create it. There can be anything in it. So what do you expect an application to do with that kind of file?
I mean... Illustrator knows it is Helvetica bold, it tells me it Helvetica bold. Not to mention it works fine when importing into any other program and worked great for many years before we changed it to Helvetica bold (from normal Helvetica). It appears like a bug to me... but I am not an expert so I am probably wrong .
I think the moral to the story is using the "Illustrator Default" setting for saving PDFs if the content will be brought into Adobe Illustrator (or InDesign) on another computer. A few key options are checked in the dialog box, the biggest being "Preserve Illustrator Editing Capabilities." Any other setting can create quite a mess when the PDF is opened.
If the artwork that's being sent in PDF is simple (like if it's just a logo), I recommend converting the type to outlines. Otherwise you have to include the fonts with the file (or embed them in the file if the graphics program has that feature). But that can open up a whole other can of worms if someone on the other end is using a different version of Illustrator, importing the file into a different graphics program and/or jumping across different computing platforms.
I get a lot of PDFs as customer provided art files for use in sign designs. Most of the time the PDF contains little more than a logo with solid colors. That's no big deal as long as the artwork is vector-based. It's common for clients to try sending the first JPEG or PNG they find of the company logo; when we request vector-based artwork they'll often place the same pixel-based image into a PDF container and submit that. What's also bad is if the vector artwork has a lot of gradients, transparency effects or other application/plug-in specific bells and whistles. That's because if the PDF is not saved properly the artwork will be a crazy mess of clipping masks, clipping groups and sliced and diced images when it is placed into Adobe Illustrator. The aggravating thing is the pixel images or PDFs with bad art will often be what the customer says is the only files he can provide. The stuff is basically un-editable and requires re-building or complete re-creation. Astute Graphics' Vector First Aid plug-in can fix a lot of broken things in PDFs, but it can't fix everything.
Let's also not forget there can be multiple builds of the same typeface. For example the versions of Arial and Times New Roman bundled into the Windows 10 operating system are not the same as the ones bundled into Windows 7 or XP. I've lost track of how many type foundries have made their own versions of Futura. And they're all slightly different in very subtle ways. But the differences are substantial enough to cause problems. Take signs for instance in this scenario: a business has a channel letter building sign whose letter faces were damaged in a hail storm. It's obvious the lettering was set in Futura. But unless you have the original sign design vector files it's a crap shoot to throw together something in the computer that will fit precisely. Very often it's just easier to make a pattern and hand cut the replacement letter faces.
The thing is, the font that she is creating the file with would be the same font that Illustrator would be using. Thanks for the response though. I've pretty much told my user that this is just the way Illustrator works.
I am highlighting key words on my web pages using the tag. I have set all tags to font-weight: normal in my global stylesheet and was wondering if this would be considered a 'black hat' technique by search engines? My colleague seems to think so but i'm not too sure as it's just styling. Does anyone know or have an opinion?
If you're using the tag but making it look like normal text then this is black hat SEO. The only reason why someone would do this is to manipulate their search engine rankings. That's a blatant violation of the search engines' terms of service.
Semantically the bold tag doesn't mean much and therefor I wouldn't consider it to be black hat SEO tactics. If however you were to do the same to the strong or em tags you are definitely abusing their use.
However, it might not be explicitly mentioned but like everyone has been saying it probably won't do your SEO any good. John makes a good point, why would you use it if it isn't for styling? Check WHATWG for more information on the exact semantics of the different tags and choose the right on for your needs.
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