When you run
featureCounts
on the exon mode (with "-
f
"), you will have the coordinates of exons corresponding to the read counts, hence you can tell which count is for which exon.
If you want to know the transcript identities of the exons, you can specify "--extraAttributes transcript_id" to ask featureCounts reporting the transcript id associated with the exon. However, you must deal with the same or overlapping exons in different transcripts. By default, featureCounts assigns a read to no exons if the read overlaps with multiple exons, but this behaviour can be less favourable to your analysis. You may specify the "-O" option asking featureCounts to assign those reads to all their overlapping exons, or "-O --fraction" to assign only a fractional count. The "--largestOverlap" option may be also useful but it is all dependent on the analysis you want to do. It is highly suggested to read the manual for choosing the best combination of options: