Re: Sahara Movie 1983 Free Download
Laverne Levenstein
Sahara is a 1983 British-American adventure drama film directed by Andrew McLaglen and starring Brooke Shields, Lambert Wilson, Horst Buchholz, John Rhys-Davies and John Mills. The original music score was composed by Ennio Morricone.
Dale is an excellent driver and has a good chance to win the male-only race. Soon after crossing the start line Dale discards her hat and mustache, thus revealing to the other racers that she is a woman. While taking a short-cut, she comes close to a tribal war between Bedouin factions. Another racer, the German Von Glessing, also takes the same short-cut in order to supply weapons to the evil leader of the two warring tribes.
Dale and her crew are captured by Rasoul, the uncle of the good leader of the warring tribes. The good leader, Sheikh Jaffar, had seen Dale from afar and desired her, so he rescues her from his uncle by claiming Dale as his bride. Dale marries Jaffar and escapes the next morning in her car to attempt to finish the race. She is captured by the evil leader before she can complete the race, but a stowaway gypsy child runs back to Jaffar to tell him of Dale's capture. Meanwhile, Dale is thrown into a pit of leopards. Jaffar rallies his men, rescues her and allows her to return to drive in the race. Dale wins the race, and when celebrating sees Jaffar's horse nearby. She bids farewell to her crew, mounts the horse, and returns to Jaffar.
The film was supposedly inspired by the then British Prime Minister's son, Mark Thatcher, who became lost in North Africa in 1982 during an auto rally. It also came about due to the box office success of Raiders of the Lost Ark and Menahem Golan's fondness for the Rudolph Valentino film The Sheik (1921).[3]
The fashions were designed by Valentino, who said 1925 was one of his favourite years: "It was a fantastic moment, full of fantasy and ideas. A time when women changed for tea, and then for dinner and then for a ball."[13]
Shields later said, "It was fun being in Israel for four months and driving a car." She was injured during filming when she was thrown from a car she was driving, landing on her back and bruising her ribs. She stated that this incident was the closest she'd ever come to death.[14]
"It was enjoyable to be in the Negev desert and in Eilat and sort of in the Dead Sea, but the experience of it and living there for that long was definitely more memorable than the movie itself was," said Shields.[14]
The film was meant to come out in December 1983.[16] The release was delayed until February 1984. "We couldn't get the theatres we wanted at Christmas so the decision was to wait," said an MGM/UA spokesman.[7] Other reports said the decision to push back a release were made after poor previews.[17]
Western Sahara, which was officially known as Pas del Oro (the golden land), was a successor state to Spain. Its territory consisted of the Spanish Canary Islands, the former colony of Western Sahara, the Balearic Islands and the city of Melilla on the North African coast. It is now a part of the newly created Republic of Spain.
At the same time, Morocco and Mauritania which had historical claims of sovereignty over the territory based on competing traditional claims, argued that the territory was artificially separated from their territories by the European colonial powers. The third neighbour of Spanish Sahara, Algeria viewed these demands with suspicion, influenced also by its long-running rivalry with Morocco. After arguing for a process of decolonization guided by the United Nations, the government of Houari Boumdinne committed itself in 1975 to assisting the Polisario Front, which opposed both Moroccan and Mauritanian claims and demanded full independence.
The UN attempted to settle these disputes through a visiting mission in late 1975, as well as a verdict from the International Court of Justice (ICJ), which declared that Western Sahara possessed the right of self-determination. On November 6, 1975, the Green March into Western Sahara began when 350,000 unarmed Moroccans converged on the city of Tarfaya in southern Morocco and waited for a signal from King Hassan II of Morocco to cross into Western Sahara.
In the waning days of General Franco's rule, the Spanish government secretly signed a tripartite agreement with Morocco and Mauritania as it moved to abandon the Territory on 14 November 1975, mere days before Franco's death. Although the accords foresaw a tripartite administration, Morocco and Mauritania each moved to annex the territory, with Morocco taking control of the northern two-thirds of Western Sahara as its Southern Provinces and Mauritania taking control of the southern third. Spain terminated its presence in Spanish Sahara within three months, even repatriating Spanish corpses from its cemeteries. The Moroccan and Mauritanian moves, however, met staunch opposition from the Polisario, which had by now gained backing from Algeria. In 1979, following Mauritania's withdrawal due to pressure from Polisario, Morocco extended its control to the rest of the territory, and gradually contained the guerrillas through setting up the extensive sand-berm in the desert to exclude guerrilla fighters.
The Canary Islands had been part of Spain since the 15th-16th century. They were the last place visited by Christopher Columbus before his historical travel to the Americas. During the following three centuries, the Canary Islands were one of the favored points where people were exiled to, due to the distance between the peninsula and the archipelago. However, its position near the Western Sahara colony made the islands useful for the supplying of troops in there, as well as to maintain contact with it and the other few colonies Spain had. In 1936, Francisco Franco was sent to the Canary Islands to prevent him from contacting potential conspirators for the coup d'etat that was said to be about to happen, but instead this allowed him to easily reach the Army of Africa, which played an important role in the Spanish Civil War. Between 1964 and 1979, the so-called Movement for the Independence and Self-determination of the Canaries Archipelago (Spanish: Movimiento por la Autodeterminacin e Independencia del Archipilago Canario, MPAIAC) lead by Antonio Cubillo, made terrorist attacks on the islands (and it was used by the CIA and the US to pressure Spain to join NATO). Finally, in 1982 (after Franco's death and the re-establishment of democracy) the Canary Islands became an Autonomous Community, and on June 11, 1983, the first regional elections happened, giving victory to the socialist Jernimo Saavedra Acevedo.
Menorca was finally returned to Spain by the Treaty of Amiens during the French Revolutionary Wars, following the last British occupation, which lasted from 1798 to 1802. The continued presence of British naval forces, however, meant that the Balearic Islands were never occupied by the French during the Napoleonic Wars.
Being an isolated region of Spain before Doomsday, Melilla was part of the Province of Mlaga. Founded by the phoenicians, the region was inhabited by Phoenicians, Romans, Byzantines and then it fell to the morrocan sultanates until it was part of the Kingdom of Fez. On the 17 of September of 1497, the city was captured by the Duke of Medina Sidonia, and became a presidio under the Spanish Crown.
Due to Spain's ties with both the United Kingdom, France and United States, along with its NATO membership (since the 30 of May of 1982, the Socialists organized a protest campaign, and the PSOE leader, Gonzalez, made the NATO issue a major feature of his electoral platform in 1982, promising a popular referendum on withdrawal from NATO in the event of a Socialist victory.
No immediate steps were taken to fulfill this promise, following the overwhelming Socialist victory in October 1982, although the PSOE confirmed in June 1983 that it would campaign in favor of withdrawal when the referendum was held.) Spain was one of the countries hit by nuclear weapons on Doomsday. Targets included:
Among the deaths included the Commander-in-chief of the Spanish Armed Forces (Spanish: Fuerzas Armadas Espaolas), the King of Spain, Juan Carlos I, and Felipe Gonzlez, President of government. The blast also killed all the parliamentarians who were gathered in those days because of the debate on the state of the nation and virtually all government and defense staff. The casualty figures will never be known, but estimates are about two thirds of the nearly 38 million people who lived in the nation on the eve of Doomsday. When, in mid-1984, the military Juntas of Emergency that still survived in the peninsula agreed to evacuate to the islands, they only looked at the military troops: civilians were not taken into account. They had to tend to themselves.
In the months following Doomsday, Morocco, overwhelmed by the humanitarian crisis in the northern half of the country created by the strike on Gibraltar, was forced to withdraw troops from the south. The Polisario seized the opportunity to reinforce their positions, cornering the Moroccan army in Laayoune (El Aain) and destroying the so-called, saharan wall. Polisario troops conquered Smara and the phosphate mines at Bou Craa.
In Doomsday, the president of the Canary Islands government Jernimo Acebedo Saavedra declared a state of emergency in the islands, and after military threats, he had to gave the command of the military units on the islands to the captain-general of the islands, Miguel Fontenla Fernndez. Under that state, the 1978 spanish constitution and the Statute of Autonomy were suspended until contact with the outside world. Both Fontenla and the other parties (People's Coalition, an electoral alliance comprising the People's Alliance (AP), the People's Democratic Party (PDP) and the Liberal Union (UL), being the second largest party and the main opposition force in the Parliament with 17 seats, the PCE, Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) with 6 seats; the Gomera Group of Independents (AGI), with 2 seats; or the Canarian Nationalist Convergence (CNC) and the Independent Herrenian Group (AHI) with 1 seat each.) had to cooperate the unequal distribution of food to host the thousands of tourist stranded at the archipielago (despite the Nordic Countries as Sweden and Finland were less affected, the finnish consulate at Las Palmas de Gran Canaria became the main link with their countries).
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