[Next Project] The Columbiad by Joel Barlow

[Jason Livermore]

This one looked interesting to me.  The last printing before modern times was 1825. The PG transcription is based on the 1809 version.  HathiTrust has the 1825 printing.  Just glancing through, no big differences but I notice a few minor punctuation changes in the later edition.

PG: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/8683
IA (1809): https://archive.org/details/columbiadpoem00barlrich

HT (1825): https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/009722549

[Alex Cabal]

OK! Please send a link to your repo once you start.

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[Jason Livermore]

Repo: https://github.com/javamanatee/joel-barlow_the-columbiad

[Alex Cabal]

OK, David will manage this with Lukas reviewing.

> https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/standardebooks/3382114c-0f29-4994-a32d-973d661c12dan%40googlegroups.com <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/standardebooks/3382114c-0f29-4994-a32d-973d661c12dan%40googlegroups.com> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/standardebooks/3382114c-0f29-4994-a32d-973d661c12dan%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/standardebooks/3382114c-0f29-4994-a32d-973d661c12dan%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>>.

>
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[David]

Now subscribed.

D.

[Jason Livermore]

Hi David, it's been awhile!

The author put one traditional footnote in line with the text...

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=54

and the rest of them are in a Notes section at the end, with nice headers and backreferences (and an explanatory note about why he did it this way.)

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=416

I was planning to just turn them all into regular endnotes like the normal way, without headers or backref context since we just hyperlink it, and they will have to be renumbered.  Is that the right course?

[David]

That makes good sense to me, and would make for a much better reading experience, IMO. And in that case, the explanatory note (on p. 364 = "416/504" at Hathi) is just dropped.

I'm not sure how many commits this would take, but at least the "note -> endnote" conversion should be Editorial, I expect. And worthwhile adding a production note on this, too, I would think.

D.

[Jason Livermore]

Each of the "books" starts with an Argument page.  This looks similar to Chivalry, it's bridgehead kind of material that I incorporated into the chapter header.  Should I keep the "Argument" heading?

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=46

[David]

Hmmm... They do look very "bridgehead"-like, don't they. I can't see a case for regarding them as prefatory or prologuish, either (thinking through the options).

My inclination would be to "convert" them to proper bridgeheads, though I suppose in this case the dropping of the "Argument" headings would be [Editorial], as would the formatting into our bridgehead conventions.

[David]

Sorry - looking at it again, as I ponder what I just wrote, perhaps there's no need to drop the "Argument" heading. My inclination as I type is to retain the heading, though formatting that material into "bridgeheads" will still be [Editorial].

Hope that makes sense!

[Jason Livermore]

Thinking about how to organize the long lists of paintings in Note 45, the whole endnote being a list item itself.  There are several groups of (header followed by a list.)  The headers need formatting.  What is a good way to handle this?

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470

[David]

That's a lot of paintings.

I take it the listing has been double-columned just to save paper. As you note, it is simply a set of lists. The heading could be a `<header>` element, I think, which would be simplest, then small caps for the heading text.

Hope that makes sense!

[Vince]

You can use columns (or the individual column-* attributes) if you want to save electronic pages.

Alex, do list headers need the same aria role=presentation issues that blockquotes do?

[Alex Cabal]

<header> cannot be the child of <ol> or <ul> per the HTML spec

On 4/12/25 3:45 PM, Vince wrote:
> You can use columns (or the individual column-* attributes) if you want
> to save electronic pages.
>
> Alex, do list headers need the same aria role=presentation issues that
> blockquotes do?
>
>
>> On Apr 12, 2025, at 3:32 PM, David <djre...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>
>> That's a lot of paintings.
>>
>> I take it the listing has been double-columned just to save paper. As

>> you note, it is simply a set of lists <https://standardebooks.org/
>> manual/1.8.1/single-page#5.6>. The heading could be a `<header>`

>> element, I think, which would be simplest, then small caps for the
>> heading text.
>>
>> Hope that makes sense!
>>
>> On Saturday, 12 April 2025 at 20:52:01 UTC+1 Jason wrote:
>>
>> Thinking about how to organize the long lists of paintings in Note
>> 45, the whole endnote being a list item itself.  There are several
>> groups of (header followed by a list.)  The headers need
>> formatting.  What is a good way to handle this?
>>
>> https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470

>> <https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470>

>
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> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/standardebooks/3B3FBD8E-CE4E-4B1B-
> A0B3-A5650AB23B41%40letterboxes.org?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>.

[Jason Livermore]

How about wrapping each list in <div> and that would allow a <header> followed by <ul> with the list items?

[David]

I would think that works. (My assumption was that `<header>...` could be a *parent* of a `<[o|u]l>` list, and that each separate list would have its own header.)

I'm not familiar with the `column` CSS that Vince suggests, but it looks like it's used plenty in the corpus.

[Jason Livermore]

The manual says do not run modernize-spelling on poetry.  There is a fair amount of prose commentary by the author.  Should I modernize if it causes inconsistent spelling in the prose part vs. the poetry part?  There are a couple minor oddities like "Newyork", "Newhampshire"; and a few relics like "gulph".  Barlow prefers to use "tho, altho, thro" without the -ugh ending and even comments a little on his orthography in the postscript.

[Emma Sweeney]

Take a look at the poem how-to guide on how to modernize spelling in large poetic productions.

Emma

[Jason Livermore]

Just an update that this project still alive!  I've had some interruptions IRL, but I'm most of the way though a close proofreading. The author tweaked things throughout the 1825 edition.  I'm getting there...

[Jason Livermore]

Thinking about this one for cover art.  It fits the theme of America, and celebrating arts, sciences and knowledge, which are topics explored in the poem.  It's OA at the Met Museum.

https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/708024

There seems to be very little historical detail on Samuel Jennings. He was active until 1834, and I can't find a reliable death date.

[Alex Cabal]

What about this one? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Progress

Should be easy to find PD proof somewhere

On 5/23/25 8:56 PM, Jason Livermore wrote:
> Thinking about this one for cover art.  It fits the theme of America,
> and celebrating arts, sciences and knowledge, which are topics explored
> in the poem.  It's OA at the Met Museum.
>
> https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/708024
> There seems to be very little historical detail on Samuel Jennings. He
> was active until 1834, and I can't find a reliable death date.
>

> columbiad-title.png
>
> On Thursday, May 15, 2025 at 9:04:05 AM UTC-5 Jason Livermore wrote:
>
> Just an update that this project still alive!  I've had some
> interruptions IRL, but I'm most of the way though a close
> proofreading. The author tweaked things throughout the 1825
> edition.  I'm getting there...
>
>
> On Tuesday, April 15, 2025 at 11:37:21 PM UTC-5 Emma Sweeney wrote:
>
> Take a look at the poem how-to guide on how to modernize

> spelling <https://standardebooks.org/contribute/how-tos/how-to-
> structure-and-style-large-poetic-productions#modernizing-poetic-
> works> in large poetic productions.

>
> Emma
> On Tuesday, April 15, 2025 at 8:21:50 PM UTC-4
> jason.l...@gmail.com wrote:
>
> The manual says do not run modernize-spelling on poetry.
> There is a fair amount of prose commentary by the author.
> Should I modernize if it causes inconsistent spelling in the
> prose part vs. the poetry part?  There are a couple minor
> oddities like "Newyork", "Newhampshire"; and a few relics
> like "gulph".  Barlow prefers to use "tho, altho, thro"
> without the -ugh ending and even comments a little on his
> orthography in the postscript.
>
> On Sunday, April 13, 2025 at 5:40:20 AM UTC-5 David wrote:
>
> I would think that works. (My assumption was that
> `<header>...` could be a *parent* of a `<[o|u]l>` list,
> and that each separate list would have its own header.)
>
> I'm not familiar with the `column` CSS that Vince

> suggests, but it looks like it's used plenty <https://
> github.com/search?
> q=org%3Astandardebooks%20%2Fcolumn%2F%20path%3Asrc%2Fepub%2Fcss%2Flocal.css&type=code> in the corpus.

>
> On Sunday, 13 April 2025 at 04:26:00 UTC+1
> jason.l...@gmail.com wrote:
>
> How about wrapping each list in <div> and that would
> allow a <header> followed by <ul> with the list items?
>
>
> On Saturday, April 12, 2025 at 9:31:45 PM UTC-5 Alex
> Cabal wrote:
>
> <header> cannot be the child of <ol> or <ul> per
> the HTML spec
>
> On 4/12/25 3:45 PM, Vince wrote:
> > You can use columns (or the individual
> column-* attributes) if you want
> > to save electronic pages.
> >
> > Alex, do list headers need the same aria
> role=presentation issues that
> > blockquotes do?
> >
> >
> >> On Apr 12, 2025, at 3:32 PM, David
> <djre...@gmail.com> wrote:
> >>
> >> That's a lot of paintings.
> >>
> >> I take it the listing has been double-
> columned just to save paper. As
> >> you note, it is simply a set of lists

> <https://standardebooks.org/ <https://
> standardebooks.org/>

> >> manual/1.8.1/single-page#5.6>. The heading
> could be a `<header>`
> >> element, I think, which would be simplest,
> then small caps for the
> >> heading text.
> >>
> >> Hope that makes sense!
> >>
> >> On Saturday, 12 April 2025 at 20:52:01 UTC+1
> Jason wrote:
> >>
> >> Thinking about how to organize the long
> lists of paintings in Note
> >> 45, the whole endnote being a list item
> itself.  There are several
> >> groups of (header followed by a list.)  The
> headers need
> >> formatting.  What is a good way to handle this?
> >>
> >> https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?
> id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470 <https://
> babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470>

> >> <https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?
> id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470 <https://

> babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470>>
> >
> > --
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> > To unsubscribe from this group and stop
> receiving emails from it, send
> > an email to standardebook...@googlegroups.com
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> > To view this discussion visit https://

> groups.google.com/d/msgid/ <https://
> groups.google.com/d/msgid/>
> > standardebooks/3B3FBD8E-CE4E-4B1B-A0B3-
> A5650AB23B41%40letterboxes.org
> <http://40letterboxes.org>
> > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/
> standardebooks/3B3FBD8E-CE4E-4B1B- <https://
> groups.google.com/d/msgid/
> standardebooks/3B3FBD8E-CE4E-4B1B->
> > A0B3-A5650AB23B41%40letterboxes.org?
> utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer
> <http://40letterboxes.org?
> utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>>.

>
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> standardebooks/94c89692-0739-45fd-abd3-f0c7c382699bn%40googlegroups.com
> <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/standardebooks/94c89692-0739-45fd-
> abd3-f0c7c382699bn%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>.

[Alex Cabal]

Note that it says it was "widely disseminated as an etching" but
etchings are not acceptable PD proof, you must be sure you've found a
photo reproduction and not an etching. Look at small details like
clouds, cloth shape to confirm

On 5/23/25 8:56 PM, Jason Livermore wrote:

> Thinking about this one for cover art.  It fits the theme of America,
> and celebrating arts, sciences and knowledge, which are topics explored
> in the poem.  It's OA at the Met Museum.
>
> https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/708024
> There seems to be very little historical detail on Samuel Jennings. He
> was active until 1834, and I can't find a reliable death date.
>

> columbiad-title.png
>
> On Thursday, May 15, 2025 at 9:04:05 AM UTC-5 Jason Livermore wrote:
>
> Just an update that this project still alive!  I've had some
> interruptions IRL, but I'm most of the way though a close
> proofreading. The author tweaked things throughout the 1825
> edition.  I'm getting there...
>
>
> On Tuesday, April 15, 2025 at 11:37:21 PM UTC-5 Emma Sweeney wrote:
>
> Take a look at the poem how-to guide on how to modernize

> spelling <https://standardebooks.org/contribute/how-tos/how-to-
> structure-and-style-large-poetic-productions#modernizing-poetic-
> works> in large poetic productions.

>
> Emma
> On Tuesday, April 15, 2025 at 8:21:50 PM UTC-4
> jason.l...@gmail.com wrote:
>
> The manual says do not run modernize-spelling on poetry.
> There is a fair amount of prose commentary by the author.
> Should I modernize if it causes inconsistent spelling in the
> prose part vs. the poetry part?  There are a couple minor
> oddities like "Newyork", "Newhampshire"; and a few relics
> like "gulph".  Barlow prefers to use "tho, altho, thro"
> without the -ugh ending and even comments a little on his
> orthography in the postscript.
>
> On Sunday, April 13, 2025 at 5:40:20 AM UTC-5 David wrote:
>
> I would think that works. (My assumption was that
> `<header>...` could be a *parent* of a `<[o|u]l>` list,
> and that each separate list would have its own header.)
>
> I'm not familiar with the `column` CSS that Vince

> suggests, but it looks like it's used plenty <https://
> github.com/search?
> q=org%3Astandardebooks%20%2Fcolumn%2F%20path%3Asrc%2Fepub%2Fcss%2Flocal.css&type=code> in the corpus.

>
> On Sunday, 13 April 2025 at 04:26:00 UTC+1
> jason.l...@gmail.com wrote:
>
> How about wrapping each list in <div> and that would
> allow a <header> followed by <ul> with the list items?
>
>
> On Saturday, April 12, 2025 at 9:31:45 PM UTC-5 Alex
> Cabal wrote:
>
> <header> cannot be the child of <ol> or <ul> per
> the HTML spec
>
> On 4/12/25 3:45 PM, Vince wrote:
> > You can use columns (or the individual
> column-* attributes) if you want
> > to save electronic pages.
> >
> > Alex, do list headers need the same aria
> role=presentation issues that
> > blockquotes do?
> >
> >
> >> On Apr 12, 2025, at 3:32 PM, David
> <djre...@gmail.com> wrote:
> >>
> >> That's a lot of paintings.
> >>
> >> I take it the listing has been double-
> columned just to save paper. As
> >> you note, it is simply a set of lists

> <https://standardebooks.org/ <https://
> standardebooks.org/>

> >> manual/1.8.1/single-page#5.6>. The heading
> could be a `<header>`
> >> element, I think, which would be simplest,
> then small caps for the
> >> heading text.
> >>
> >> Hope that makes sense!
> >>
> >> On Saturday, 12 April 2025 at 20:52:01 UTC+1
> Jason wrote:
> >>
> >> Thinking about how to organize the long
> lists of paintings in Note
> >> 45, the whole endnote being a list item
> itself.  There are several
> >> groups of (header followed by a list.)  The
> headers need
> >> formatting.  What is a good way to handle this?
> >>

> >> https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?
> id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470 <https://
> babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470>
> >> <https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?
> id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470 <https://
> babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470>>
> >

> > --
> > You received this message because you are
> subscribed to the Google
> > Groups "Standard Ebooks" group.
> > To unsubscribe from this group and stop
> receiving emails from it, send
> > an email to standardebook...@googlegroups.com
> > <mailto:standardebook...@googlegroups.com>.

> > To view this discussion visit https://
> groups.google.com/d/msgid/ <https://
> groups.google.com/d/msgid/>
> > standardebooks/3B3FBD8E-CE4E-4B1B-A0B3-
> A5650AB23B41%40letterboxes.org
> <http://40letterboxes.org>
> > <https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/
> standardebooks/3B3FBD8E-CE4E-4B1B- <https://
> groups.google.com/d/msgid/
> standardebooks/3B3FBD8E-CE4E-4B1B->
> > A0B3-A5650AB23B41%40letterboxes.org?
> utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer
> <http://40letterboxes.org?
> utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer>>.
>

> --
> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google
> Groups "Standard Ebooks" group.
> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send
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> <mailto:standardebook...@googlegroups.com>.
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[Alex Cabal]

Or this
https://www.pritzkermilitary.org/explore/museum/past-exhibits/american-icons-great-war/columbia

This was distributed as a print poster and dated 1918 so that's the PD
proof in and of itself

On 5/23/25 8:56 PM, Jason Livermore wrote:

> Thinking about this one for cover art.  It fits the theme of America,
> and celebrating arts, sciences and knowledge, which are topics explored
> in the poem.  It's OA at the Met Museum.
>
> https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/708024
> There seems to be very little historical detail on Samuel Jennings. He
> was active until 1834, and I can't find a reliable death date.
>

> columbiad-title.png
>
> On Thursday, May 15, 2025 at 9:04:05 AM UTC-5 Jason Livermore wrote:
>
> Just an update that this project still alive!  I've had some
> interruptions IRL, but I'm most of the way though a close
> proofreading. The author tweaked things throughout the 1825
> edition.  I'm getting there...
>
>
> On Tuesday, April 15, 2025 at 11:37:21 PM UTC-5 Emma Sweeney wrote:
>
> Take a look at the poem how-to guide on how to modernize

> spelling <https://standardebooks.org/contribute/how-tos/how-to-
> structure-and-style-large-poetic-productions#modernizing-poetic-
> works> in large poetic productions.

>
> Emma
> On Tuesday, April 15, 2025 at 8:21:50 PM UTC-4
> jason.l...@gmail.com wrote:
>
> The manual says do not run modernize-spelling on poetry.
> There is a fair amount of prose commentary by the author.
> Should I modernize if it causes inconsistent spelling in the
> prose part vs. the poetry part?  There are a couple minor
> oddities like "Newyork", "Newhampshire"; and a few relics
> like "gulph".  Barlow prefers to use "tho, altho, thro"
> without the -ugh ending and even comments a little on his
> orthography in the postscript.
>
> On Sunday, April 13, 2025 at 5:40:20 AM UTC-5 David wrote:
>
> I would think that works. (My assumption was that
> `<header>...` could be a *parent* of a `<[o|u]l>` list,
> and that each separate list would have its own header.)
>
> I'm not familiar with the `column` CSS that Vince

> suggests, but it looks like it's used plenty <https://
> github.com/search?
> q=org%3Astandardebooks%20%2Fcolumn%2F%20path%3Asrc%2Fepub%2Fcss%2Flocal.css&type=code> in the corpus.

>
> On Sunday, 13 April 2025 at 04:26:00 UTC+1
> jason.l...@gmail.com wrote:
>
> How about wrapping each list in <div> and that would
> allow a <header> followed by <ul> with the list items?
>
>
> On Saturday, April 12, 2025 at 9:31:45 PM UTC-5 Alex
> Cabal wrote:
>
> <header> cannot be the child of <ol> or <ul> per
> the HTML spec
>
> On 4/12/25 3:45 PM, Vince wrote:
> > You can use columns (or the individual
> column-* attributes) if you want
> > to save electronic pages.
> >
> > Alex, do list headers need the same aria
> role=presentation issues that
> > blockquotes do?
> >
> >
> >> On Apr 12, 2025, at 3:32 PM, David
> <djre...@gmail.com> wrote:
> >>
> >> That's a lot of paintings.
> >>
> >> I take it the listing has been double-
> columned just to save paper. As
> >> you note, it is simply a set of lists

> <https://standardebooks.org/ <https://
> standardebooks.org/>

> >> manual/1.8.1/single-page#5.6>. The heading
> could be a `<header>`
> >> element, I think, which would be simplest,
> then small caps for the
> >> heading text.
> >>
> >> Hope that makes sense!
> >>
> >> On Saturday, 12 April 2025 at 20:52:01 UTC+1
> Jason wrote:
> >>
> >> Thinking about how to organize the long
> lists of paintings in Note
> >> 45, the whole endnote being a list item
> itself.  There are several
> >> groups of (header followed by a list.)  The
> headers need
> >> formatting.  What is a good way to handle this?
> >>

> >> https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?
> id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470 <https://
> babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470>
> >> <https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?
> id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470 <https://
> babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=470>>
> >

> > --
> > You received this message because you are
> subscribed to the Google
> > Groups "Standard Ebooks" group.
> > To unsubscribe from this group and stop
> receiving emails from it, send
> > an email to standardebook...@googlegroups.com
> > <mailto:standardebook...@googlegroups.com>.

> > To view this discussion visit https://
> groups.google.com/d/msgid/ <https://
> groups.google.com/d/msgid/>
> > standardebooks/3B3FBD8E-CE4E-4B1B-A0B3-
> A5650AB23B41%40letterboxes.org
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[Jason Livermore]

Of course a Columbia figure would be ideal for the title and subject.  American Progress was one of my first choices, but I had no luck finding PD proof.  Here's a mockup of the 1918 poster, by Douglas Volk.

[David]

Looks good! I've uploaded the Douglas Volk poster to the artworks DB, and assigned it to this project. I took the title from its Wikimedia page.

[Jason Livermore]

As I'm wrapping this up, I want to highlight some editorial decisions and see if I'm on the right track.

The author was a fan of orthographic reform, which he discusses in his postscript.  Some of his innovative spellings were already in his earlier editions and the transcription, but he takes it even farther in the 1825 edition that I followed, which is subtitled "with the Last Corrections of the Author." I don't think experimental spelling is really a feature of the work, and I tended to revert to "normal" spelling.

One class of words: (though, through, although) are changed to (tho, thro, altho).  Since modernize script turned "tho" back to "though", I restored the others to normal spelling also.  I don't think it is changing the sound or meter or sense of the poetry to do this, and I find these alternate spellings distracting.

Another class: he thought words ending in double letters would eventually lose the extra letter (ha!).  So unroll, recall change to unrol, recal.  I reverted these to normal spelling for the same reasons.

Another class: past tense words ending in -ed but sound like -t, he puts in -t.  So dropt, clipt, wrapt, astonisht, watcht.  Some of these were already in the older edition and the transcription, and he went all out in 1825.  Here I think it's a rabbit hole to sort out what should be kept or not, and it might have some impact on the sound/intent of his poetry, so I went with his changes in the 1825 scan.  It seems like a gray area; some of these are at least recognized variants, but some are more innovative.

Finally he drops Latin diphthongs, so Aetna -> Etna (which is generally accepted anyway) but Aeneid -> Eneid, Phoenicia -> Phenicia.  So I went along with those changes because he specifically calls out his intent in his postscript.  "Uniformity in this respect is desirable and will prevail."  Ha!

[David]

Ugh - sounds like a minefield!

The decisions on cases #1 and #2 (~ough; ~CC) sound good to me. Those `~ed` -> `~t` cases (#3) sound like a right pain. I take it you haven't done anything with them yet? My inclination (only that!) would be to use the `~ed` version, but I can understand the thinking in retaining the 1825 scan version. The last case (#4, dipthongs) in some cases don't seem "sound alike" in any case (though that could be disputed `Phoenicia` -> `Ph[o|e[nicia` could be indistinguishable, I suppose (at least in my head).

This seems more like Alex territory, though. If my sense prevails that the `~ed` forms are preferable, that would be the only change from what you've got at the moment. But I wouldn't change those without confirmation from EiC.

[Jason Livermore]

As of now, I put in the changes for 1825, so a lot of changes to -t.

Here is a small sampling of what is already in there in 1807/transcript:

tipt

topt

lopt

stript

wrencht

matcht

archt

flankt

So if we reject the 1825 additions, it still leaves a pretty mixed bag, unless we want to go in and normalize all of these less accepted ones, but yes, that seems like a right pain.

[Alex Cabal]

Spelling words like that ending with a t is not uncommon in older work
anyway. You can change them if you want but I think it's fine to leave them.

Re. diphthongs, we should revert those to the modern expected spelling,
so Aeneid for example.

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[Jason Livermore]

Lukas, this is ready for you.

https://github.com/javamanatee/joel-barlow_the-columbiad

[Lukas Bystricky]

Sounds good. I'll get to that as soon as I'm able (hopefully today, if not it might not be until the weekend).

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[Lukas Bystricky]

Very nice work Jason on a difficult production. Just a couple things to look at.

[Lukas Bystricky]

Ok Alex this is ready for you.

One thing that requires your attention is the postscript that justifies specific unusual spelling choices made by the author. Per the discussion above many of those changes were modernized, making the much of the postscript obsolete. Should it be removed? 

[Alex Cabal]

Great, I've gone ahead and released it, thanks!

Yes, I've removed the afterword since it no longer applies.

On 6/1/25 4:00 PM, Lukas Bystricky wrote:
> Ok Alex this is ready for you.
>

> One thing that requires your attention is the postscript <https://
> babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hxtaz5&seq=487> that justifies

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