Download Three Meters Above The Sky

[Lilliana Adames]

With an estimated elevation of only 3-meters above sea level, the Majuro Atoll, capital of the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), is extremely vulnerable to sea-level rise, tsunamis, storm surge, and coastal flooding that could impact the sustainability of the infrastructure, groundwater, and ecosystems. Located in the northern tropical Pacific Ocean, the waters surrounding the Majuro Atoll land areas are relatively shallow with poorly mapped bathymetry.

To support the modeling of storm- and tide-induced flooding, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Coastal National Elevation Database (CoNED) Applications Project in collaboration with the U. S. Department of Interior (DOI) Pacific Islands Climate Science Center (PI-CSC) and the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP) developed an integrated 1-meter topobathymetric digital elevation model (TBDEM) for the Majuro Atoll, RMI, using a combination of nine best available multi-source topographic and bathymetric data for the Majuro Atoll onshore and offshore:

This research effort was a collaboration with DOI PI-CSC, USGS CMGP, University of Guam, University of Hawaii at Mnoa, NOAA/National Geodetic Survey, Marshall Islands Conservation Society, RMI Office of Lands and Survey, and RMI Environmental Protection Authority.

The Coastal National Elevation Database (CoNED) Project Viewer is a portal to the topobathymetric models created with the expertise of the expertise of the U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center near Sioux Falls, SD.

Three meters above the sky, by Federico Moccia, though not that well-known in the English-speaking world, was a literary phenomenon in Italy and has been both a literary and a cinematographic pehonomenon in Spain ever since the film came out in 2010.

The novel comes with a sweet story of its own: it was first published in 1992 in a limited edition paid for by the author himself. This edition was a success and photocopies of the book circulated from hand to hand in all Italian high schools, until it was finally published again in 2004.

This book is very interesting for teenagers , as it tells in a very intense and thrilling way how two teenagers feel when they fall in love. With his book it is easy to become involved and to see things as if you were the main character, whether you are a boy or a girl.

1. Girls worried about the studies but they love too parties and leave with their friends and company.
I am a girl and I think that boys love the world of danger bikesand more.
2.Hache and Baby have in common that they are teenagers whose need leave a little of the really life and enjoy their maners.
3.This story atrack to the girls and boys because is a reflection of the really life or at least teach a reality carried at extreme.

3.- We think the story is very realistic, this things happen in the real life. Every teenagers, or almost every, they feel the love to this age, very strong. And every think this love will be for all life.

1.We thik that the girls think of the studies on living life to the fullest and find the love of his life.And the think boys out in good time and be with different girls, not a single girl.
2.The two are teenagers and they love.
3.Because is the typical history of love of teenagers and shows all that is felt through the characters.

1. We think that girls prefer go with her friends and go to shoping.
2. they are in common that they are two teenagers that are feeling in love together.
3. is a story perhaps posiblo but very uncommon actually.

1. The girls think in the studies and in the future. the boys think in the motors, in cars ,in the moment ,not in the future.
2. They have in common that they are young and they are feeling in love.
3.Because this is the history that the teenegers dream when they feel in love of somebody.

1.The girls worry for her studies and are more responsible, however the boys are more immature and they likes very much the parties.
2.Hache and Babi have in common that two teenagers are looking for love.
3.Because to the teenagers, especially the girls, like much this history since they feel identified with it, and they would like that it was happening to her.

1-girls care about school and likes to buy clothes, while boys love motorcycles, and going to parties, although there are also some who care about their education
2-you both feel attraction for one another.
3-because they identify with it.

1. the girls when are teenagers prefer leave to party with the friends and meet new people..but the student are a few borried.
2.Hache y Babi have im common that are two teenagers and they want live a love story together.
3. because the teenagers want be like they, firts because they are teenagers , second because are beautiful and nice,third because we want fell the love even that they and live it with passion and madness.

1.girls think girls and boys study in motorcycles,girls..
2.They have in common that they are young and they are feeling in love.
3.Because this is the story that adolescent sleep when they feel in the love of the follies that lead alguieny

Seasonal (3-month) sea level estimates from Church and White (2011) (light blue line) and University of Hawaii Fast Delivery sea level data (dark blue). The values are shown as change in sea level in millimeters compared to the 1993-2008 average. NOAA Climate.gov image based on analysis and data from Philip Thompson, University of Hawaii Sea Level Center.

In some ocean basins, sea level has risen as much as 6-8 inches (15-20 centimeters) since the start of the satellite record. Regional differences exist because of natural variability in the strength of winds and ocean currents, which influence how much and where the deeper layers of the ocean store heat.

Between 1993 and 2022 mean sea level has risen across most of the world ocean (blue colors). In some ocean basins, sea level has risen 6-8 inches (15-20 centimeters). Rates of local sea level (dots) on the coast can be larger than the global average due to geological processes like ground settling or smaller than the global average due to processes like the centuries-long rebound of land masses from the loss of ice-age glaciers. Map by NOAA Climate.gov based on data provided by Philip Thompson, University of Hawaii.

Past and future sea level rise at specific locations on land may be more or less than the global average due to local factors: ground settling, upstream flood control, erosion, regional ocean currents, and whether the land is still rebounding from the compressive weight of Ice Age glaciers. In the United States, the fastest rates of sea level rise are occurring in the Gulf of Mexico from the mouth of the Mississippi westward, followed by the mid-Atlantic. Only in Alaska and a few places in the Pacific Northwest are sea levels falling, though that trend will reverse under high greenhouse gas emission pathways.

In the natural world, rising sea level creates stress on coastal ecosystems that provide recreation, protection from storms, and habitat for fish and wildlife, including commercially valuable fisheries. As seas rise, saltwater is also contaminating freshwater aquifers, many of which sustain municipal and agricultural water supplies and natural ecosystems.

From the 1970s up through the last decade or so, melting and heat expansion were contributing roughly equally to observed sea level rise. But the melting of mountain glaciers and ice sheets has accelerated:

Melt streams on the Greenland Ice Sheet on July 19, 2015. Ice loss from the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets as well as alpine glaciers has accelerated in recent decades. NASA photo by Maria-Jos Vias.

Sea level is measured by two main methods: tide gauges and satellite altimeters. Tide gauge stations from around the world have measured the daily high and low tides for more than a century, using a variety of manual and automatic sensors. Using data from scores of stations around the world, scientists can calculate a global average and adjust it for seasonal differences. Since the early 1990s, sea level has been measured from space using radar altimeters, which determine the height of the sea surface by measuring the return speed and intensity of a radar pulse directed at the ocean. The higher the sea level, the faster and stronger the return signal is.

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