FREE\\\\ Hijra Sex Organ Photos
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Historically and culturally hijras are based in Hinduism and they perform solely for Hindus. However, hijras are not all Hindu themselves. Many are Muslim and a few are Christian. In fact, some hijras follow the beliefs and practices of both Hinduism and Islam. For example, some hijras center their community around the Hindu goddess Bahuchara Mata while also taking a Muslim name and observing Islamic traditions such as Ramadan. Just as hijra are not limited by binary views of gender, some are not limited by a single religious tradition.
processing.... Drugs & Diseases > Anatomy Male Urinary Organ Anatomy Updated: Jul 07, 2016
- Author: Bradley C Gill, MD, MS; Chief Editor: Thomas R Gest, PhD more...
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- Sections Male Urinary Organ Anatomy Overview Gross Anatomy Penile Vasculature Microscopic Anatomy Pathophysiological Variants Show All Media Gallery References
This section reviews the gross anatomy of the male urinary tract. Starting with the prostate and moving distally through the lower urinary tract, each male-specific organ is discussed. Links to other relevant articles with more in-depth information are provided.
The penis is the external genitourinary organ of the male and is largely comprised of 3 cylindrical bodies, capped distally with the glans penis. One of the cylindrical bodies is the corpus spongiosum, which envelopes the bulbar and penile urethra, becoming symmetric in its covering of the urethra within the penis. The corpus spongiosum then becomes the glans penis distally. Upon erection, the corpus spongiosum engorges to compress the urethral lume and facilitate higher emission velocity, while the glans engorges to facilitate penetrative intercourse and absorb impact during thrusting. The corpus spongiosum protects the urethra and facilitates urethral blood flow. See the image below.
The penis is a highly vascular organ that is also rich with innervation. Most sensation in the penis is conveyed via the paired dorsal nerves, which are coupled with arteries as neurovascular bundles traveling bilateral to the dorsal most aspect of the penis. The nerves responsible for erection are terminal branches within the penis and are located throughout the stroma inside the corpora cavernosa where they stimulate erection through a complex molecular cascade.
Many variants of the male urinary organs are diagnosed and treated in childhood, likely due to the external nature of the penis and routine pre-natal screening in developed countries. Such congenital anomalies can occur anywhere throughout the urinary tract. This section covers male-specific pathophysiologic variants of the lower urinary tract.
The Hijras of India are another example of a culturally accepted (or at least tolerated) male transvestite status. These are men who dress as women but apparently are not often homosexual. Many Hijras even have their genital organs surgically removed to symbolize their transition to "womanhood." They are devotees of the Hindu mother goddess Bahuchara Mata. Through emasculation, they express their faith in her and become conduits for her power. The Hijras are difficult to label as to gender. They identify themselves as "incomplete men", "incomplete women", or "inbetweens", but the Indian national census counts them as women. There are about 50,000 true Hijras today living mostly in North Indian urban centers. They work at many different kinds of jobs including construction. However, the largest percentage of them make their living by blessing babies and entertaining at parties. Some of the better Hijra musicians, dancers, and singers perform regularly in Indian films. Recently, a few of the Hijras have successfully run for public office, especially in Utar Pradesh State. In 2003, however, a court in Madhya Pradesh State ruled that a Hijra must give up his office as mayor of Katni because he is a male and this political office was reserved for women. There are 10's of thousands of other eunuchs and homosexuals in India who dress as women and falsely claim to be Hijras. Many of them make their living on the edges of society by prostitution or by extorting money for blessing children. Few people refuse to give them money for fear of being cursed.
Emasculation is the removal of both the penis and the scrotum (including the testicles), the external male sex organs. It differs from castration, which is the removal of the testicles only, although the terms are sometimes used interchangeably.[1] The potential medical consequences of emasculation are more extensive than those associated with castration, as the removal of the penis gives rise to a unique series of complications. There are a range of religious, cultural, punitive, and personal reasons why someone may choose to emasculate themselves or another person. Consensual emasculation may be seen as a form of body modification that enhances a recipient's identification with their community or sense of self. By comparison, non-consensual emasculations, such as those performed punitively or accidentally, may constitute genital mutilation. The medical treatment for an emasculated person differs depending on whether the procedure was consensual.
In the past, the emasculation procedure was performed by barbers or by the individual themselves (i.e. self-emasculation).[53] Nowadays, the operation is performed by a Hijra elder, also called a dai ma (midwife).[54] They have no medical training, but believe they operate with the power of the patron goddess, Bahuchara Mata.[55] The operation takes place early in the morning, around 3 a.m. or 4 a.m.[55] Anesthesia is not administered. [56] The penis and testes are tied together with a string, and the elder then makes two diagonal cuts with a sharp surgical knife to completely excise the organs.[57] The elder allows the blood to gush from the wound, which is considered necessary to completely cleanse the recipient of their male parts. This is one reason why the procedure is performed by an elder rather than a medical professional, who might try to stop the haemorrhage, thus interfering with the ritual's cleansing effect.[58] Afterwards, no stitches are taken and the wound is left exposed, although a small stick is inserted into the urethra to prevent urethral stricture.[59]
There is a common belief in Pakistan that hijras are born hermaphrodites or have undergone an emasculation procedure. There are many studies about socio-sexual behaviour of hijras, but one rarely finds any study regarding genital examination of hijras. Four hundred hijras from Karachi and Lahore were examined as part of National Study of Reproductive Tract Infection conducted in 2004. A random sample of the Gurus of Hijras in each city was taken and all hijras under selected Gurus were included in the study. The purpose of study was explained to each Guru/participant and only those, who consented, were included. Out of 400 hijras, penis and testes were absent in only three hijras (0.8%). Among the remaining 397 hijras, 98.3% were circumcised and 1.7% were non-circumcised. Inguinal Lymphadenopathy was the most common finding. The study dispels the myth that Hijras in Pakistan have ambiguous genitalia, are hermaphrodites or have undergone removal of male sexual organs.
Serena Nanda, an anthropologist who's studied the hijra in great detail, titled her book on them Neither Male or Female. That's because it's the most basic thing to understand about them: they aren't men or women, and they don't want to be either.
Typically, hijra are born with male genitalia, though some are intersex (born with hybrid male/female sex characteristics). Most hijras elect later in life to surgically remove the penis and testicles. This is not done as part of male-to-female gender reassignment surgery: hijra affirmatively do not want genitalia of either sex.
The genital removal is about two things. First, identity: for many hijra, removing their sexual organs is about removing themselves from the traditional gender and sexual identities that they reject. Second, religion: the surgery itself is a part of a ceremony celebrating Bahuchara Mata, an Hindu mother goddess traditionally associated with people who challenge male-female categories.
On top of all of that, hijra often dress like women, act in stereotypically feminine ways, and prefer female pronouns. Why? Sometimes, because hijra want to live as women. Some hijra are "wives," married to men, or otherwise fully female.
But, for most hijra, the whole point of the thing is not to be pinned down. "The power of the combined man/woman is a frequent and significant theme" in Hinduism, according to Nanda (it's worth noting here some hijras are Muslim). The hijra embody that theme, and enforcing strict rules on just how one needs to combine male and female identities would defeat the point.
On the other hand, the reason the hijras have been able to monopolize the market on these performances is precisely because they're willing to act in a sexually explicit, socially shunned manner. Their undesirableness makes them valuable.
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