Re: Arduino Books Collection-megaupload-torrent.torrent
Chamar Riche
This article will be a guide on how to make a DIY local internet that can run off solar, or any power you can find. This network can include nodes to make a bigger mesh network. Neighbors can chat together on a server, useful in natural disasters or times where physically talking is hard. People can access a library of thousands of ebooks that include educational textbooks for impromptu schooling, technical guides on growing food, raising animals. Construction and building infrastructure. Info on everything from passive solar water filters to making windmill generators, to growing, processing and preserving organic food, making tools, sewage management and treatment, road building. All in one server to read or download on any device that can access the network. Also including a media server that can stream movies, music, saved youtube videos, and instructionals.
When people connect to the network, they can be redirected to a website that requires no experience in web design to build. The site can act as a landing page or navigation to your servers along with offering information. All without having to code.
Neighbors can use their existing routers with some added power, to bring more nodes onto the network, giving more people access to the books, music, videos, and communication networks.
This is like mycelium and mushrooms, a network of nodes that spread out and send information to the network.
This system is modular, with the ability to add whatever you want to it, and also works with almost any router and computer.
This network is basically just a mesh LAN connected together through routers either in repeater mode or using WDS to bridge routers together and create a mesh of sorts. Anyone can join and include their own servers and clients can read the data without the need for proprietary clients, all of it will run natively in a browser. The routers used are cheap travel routers that run off USB, but with inverters, larger routers that run off AC power can be used for better range. The routers used run openWRT. For those with radio licenses, you can connect these LAN networks and send data over RF to send the signal over longer ranges. You can combine this with LoRa for messaging or even weird shit like using RF to pull satellite images or weather information. The mesh is created by either using your own routers, powered by solar or any means of power, or by getting neighbors to power their routers and combine them into the network as nodes to further the range. This is platform agnostic and modular to scale up depending on what you have and can do. Everything runs on software that is FOSS, or is free and easy to install.
Version 2 is up! Now with more info including stuff about sociocracy and other egalitarian ways of social organizing. A full new category called Inventory & Ecology Management with information about supply chain creation, management, inventory management, and ecological inventory management as well. More books were added to the earth and alternative construction category. Also more tech basics books and early childhood development and curriculum stuff. Version 3 should be out soon!
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There are specific criteria that are important to making a system that is easy to make, install, and maintain by regular people. Not every community will have someone extremely technical that can install telecom level communication networks. Not every community will have access to the best equipment or hardware. So there are constraints about making these systems:
With the constraints, there are specific things that are helpful in emergencies, or in cases where a local internet would make sense like in hostile political areas where internet connections are terminated by police, military, or state powers.
Adding to that list would be maps, Wikipedia and other wikis, access to news and other information streams, weather information, and a lot more. But this article will mainly cover the three categories listed above.
This was a giant wake up call of the fragility of the Texas powergrid, we were minutes away from being in the dark for months. After this storm, seeing how many people died and lost their homes, opened my eyes to the pressing fact that we need to build resiliency NOW. We need autonomy from state oppression and neglect and to build local autonomy and power NOW. And so with that came ideas of fostering dual power, of making our own systems in the shell of the one currently falling apart.
With that came projects about water, food, and now electricity, communications and what I would consider to be a public utility, internet.
Say you want to see a video on youtube. Your computer (the client) will make a request to go to youtube.com. The router takes that information and consults something that says the address of youtube.com and packages your request with your IP address. Think of routers as air traffic control, they determine who is on a network and where other computers are located. Your request basically gets sent through a giant game of telephone to a google network that your request was addressed to and is forwarded to the server. The server hosts different services, in this example it hosts media. That media then goes back through the giant game of telephone to come back to you.
The internet is basically like a giant game of telephone, or more like a giant mail system. With packets of requests that have senders and receivers being circulated by routers and other networking equipment to move information around.
What we are doing here with the DIY off-grid internet, is becoming our own internet service provider by chaining and connecting the things necessary to make a network, then using servers to host information - that clients will connect to and get whatever info is served!
You can see above that we have a server connected to a router which is giving a wifi signal to your neighbors to connect to. Awesome! But the range will be limited by one router. Our goal is to create a network of other routers to act as beacons, making the wifi network larger, and allowing more people to connect to the network and thus to the server.
Off-grid just means not connected to the power grid. So not connected to the power coming out of your walls. Off-grid systems work independently, so if the power goes out, they can still work because you are generating and storing your own power. There are a few ingredients or things that you need to get things going.
If you opt to use a laptop, external tool batteries, or to run a regular sized router, you will need access to Alternating Current (AC) power. The power that comes from the wall is AC power, solar power and the power that comes from battery banks directly are Direct Current (DC) power. So you need either a generator (they always have built-in inverters) or if you have a solar system or DC batteries, you need an inverter. I have a full article here, that goes over how to build your own DIY off-grid solar system, all the details behind what you need, batteries, all that good stuff.
You can replicate the same idea in the article but on a small to medium scale. Below is what you need to generate solar power:
All the details are in that article on how to connect them but the goal is to have a place to generate electricity as long as the sun shines. You might not always have access to gasoline, plus gas generators kinda suck and are terrible for the environment. You can also buy pre-made kits, again, more info in that article. The important part of that is the inverter.
An inverter turns DC power, into AC power, allowing you to charge and power all the normal stuff you own. Inverters come in all shapes and sizes and you can hook up a huge inverter that can power a freezer, or a small one with just one plug. Either way that will depend on what you need. If you want to use a laptop as a server and a regular router, then you will need an inverter that can supply enough power to charge and power those things. This will add extra cost to building the main server setup or supply energy to nodes that propagate the network so there is a balance in sticking with low power USB devices with low range, and high power devices that need more infrastructure to charge, but have much better range.
So how do we grow our network? By making nodes, or beacons that can connect to our router and basically act as a copy. This allows other clients who may be farther away to have access to the same network and the same services. The nodes will give off their own WiFi signal and they help the network reach more people than just one router.
Most modern routers have the ability to use WDS to basically copy another router wirelessly. Different routers call it different things, some routers if you go into the admin console and change the mode - call it repeater mode. Others have a specific mode you can set the router to called WDS. Either way if the router is capable of doing it, there should be an option in the admin panel of the router to change the function to act either as a repeater or to use WDS to connect to another router.
When you turn WDS or repeating on, you will select your main router network as the source, then the new node router will reboot and basically clone our main router. With the new nodes online, more clients can join in and have access to the server or even start running their own servers on the network. Again you can use a generator or make basically mobile power stations to distribute through the area that charge off solar and have inverters to power AC items. I will go into more detail in the section about the network in action when it comes to communities. But as an example:
The most important thing here is getting power to the beacons. We are under the assumtion here that regular internet access is gone. You might still have power, which in that case whatever. But if your area loses power then you have to figure out how to get things powered. For DC things, battery banks and small electronics can power the new nodes, and the batteries recharged by someone with off grid solar or a generator. For AC things you need a battery and an inverter or a generator to run things.
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