ubuntu学习笔记1

[Crazy Doctor]

1.ubuntu8.04,安装完成后要选语言支持－汉语，系统自动更新，这样就能方便的输入中文了，SCIM输入法很好用，赞一个！
2.更新源的设置
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list,开始编辑源，输入以下源（要持续更新）gusty更改成hardy，保存退出
#Archive.ubuntu.com更新服务器（欧洲，此为官方源，电信网通用户使用)：39ms20%loss(ping cout:5)

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe
multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted
universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted
universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main restricted
universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted
universe multiverse

deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted
universe multiverse

deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main
restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main
restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main
restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main
restricted universe multiverse

#Ubuntu.cn99.com更新服务器（江苏省常州市电信，推荐电信用户使用）：820ms60%loss(ping cout:5)

deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe
multiverse

deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted
universe multiverse

deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted
universe multiverse

deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main restricted
universe multiverse

deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted
universe multiverse

deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe
multiverse

deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted
universe multiverse

deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted
universe multiverse

deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main restricted
universe multiverse

deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main
restricted universe multiverse

#Mirrors.shlug.org更新服务器（电信服务器，）：900ms80%loss(ping cout:5)

deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy main restricted
universe multiverse

deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security main
restricted universe multiverse

deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-updates main restricted
universe multiverse

deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-backports main
restricted universe multiverse

deb http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-proposed main
restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy main restricted
universe multiverse

deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security main
restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-updates main
restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-backports main
restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-proposed main
restricted universe multiverse



#Mirror.lupaworld.com更新服务器（浙江省杭州市双线服务器）：830ms60%loss(ping cout:5)

deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu gutsy main restricted universe
multiverse

deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu gutsy-security main restricted
universe multiverse

deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu gutsy-updates main restricted
universe multiverse

deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu gutsy-backports main
restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu gutsy-proposed main restricted
universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu gutsy main restricted
universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu gutsy-security main
restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu gutsy-updates main
restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu gutsy-backports main
restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu gutsy-proposed main
restricted universe multiverse



#成都市 电子科技大学更新服务器（教育网，推荐校园网和网通用户使用）：46ms0%loss(ping cout:5)


deb http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse
restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main
multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main multiverse
restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main multiverse
restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main multiverse
restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse
restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main
multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main
multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main
multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main
multiverse restricted universe
# == 如果无法解析uestc.edu.cn域名，请使用以下地址 == 46ms20%loss(ping cout:5)
deb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse
restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main
multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main
multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main
multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main multiverse
restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse
restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main
multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main
multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main
multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main
multiverse restricted universe




#上海市上海交通大学更新服务器（教育网，推荐校园网和网通用户使用）：33ms0%loss(ping cout:5)


deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse restricted
universe
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main multiverse
restricted universe
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main multiverse
restricted universe
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main multiverse
restricted universe
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main multiverse
restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse
restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main
multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main multiverse
restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main multiverse
restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main multiverse
restricted universe


#中国科学技术大学更新服务器（教育网，推荐校园网和网通用户使用）：33ms40%loss(ping cout:5)


deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse
restricted universe
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main multiverse
restricted universe
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main multiverse
restricted universe
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main multiverse
restricted universe
deb http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main multiverse
restricted universe
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse
restricted universe
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main
multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main
multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main
multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main
multiverse restricted universe




#沈阳市东北大学更新服务器（教育网，推荐校园网和网通用户使用）：20ms0%loss(ping cout:5)


deb ftp://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main
multiverse restricted universe
deb ftp://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-
backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb ftp://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-
proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb ftp://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-
security main multiverse restricted universe
deb ftp://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-
updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src ftp://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy
main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src ftp://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-
backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src ftp://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-
proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src ftp://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-
security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src ftp://ftp.neu.edu.cn/mirror/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-
updates main multiverse restricted universe




@中国台湾 台湾大学更新服务器（推荐网通用户使用，电信PING平均响应速度41MS。强烈推荐此源，比较完整，较少出现同步问题）：
70ms0%loss(ping cout:5)


deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted
universe multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted
universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main
restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main
restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main
restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main
restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main
restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main
restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main
multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.csie.ntu.edu.tw/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main
restricted universe multiverse




#Mirror.vmmatrix.net更新服务器（上海市电信，推荐电信网通用户使用）：990ms60%loss(ping cout:5)



deb http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe
multiverse
deb-src http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted
universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted
universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main
restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main
restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main
restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted
universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main
restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main multiverse
restricted universe
deb-src http://mirror.vmmatrix.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main
restricted universe multiverse



#mirror.rootguide.org更新服务器（上海市 电信）：970ms40%loss(ping cout:5)



deb http://mirror.rootguide.org/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe
multiverse
deb-src http://mirror.rootguide.org/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted
universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.rootguide.org/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted
universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirror.rootguide.org/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main
restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.rootguide.org/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main
restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirror.rootguide.org/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main
restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.rootguide.org/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main
restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirror.rootguide.org/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main
restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.rootguide.org/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main
multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirror.rootguide.org/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main
restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.rootguide.org/ubuntu-cn/ gutsy main restricted
universe multiverse




#台湾的官方源速度也相当不错，有时甚至快于内地的：110ms0%loss(ping cout:5)



deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy main restricted universe
multiverse
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security main
restricted universe multiverse
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-updates main restricted
universe multiverse
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-backports main
restricted universe multiverse
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-proposed main
restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy main restricted
universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security main
restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-updates main
restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-backports main
restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-proposed main
restricted universe multiverse



，保存后，执行sudo apt-get update，这时观察源的速度可以用ctrl＋alt＋Z停止执行，然后sudo gedit /etc/
apt/sources.list注释掉速度慢的源，重新sudo apt-get update,然后, sudo apt-get
upgrade
经过漫长的等待，更新完成。系统更新到最新状态，这时你会发现firefox3已更新到最新版本，ubuntu界面的汉化也完成了很多。