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ACS smart cards are available for custom branding and promotional purposes. We welcome OEM enquiries for design printing and personalization at a reasonable cost. Furthermore, customers can buy white ACS cards, which they can design by their own.
The ACS Android Library was built to support the use of various ACS readers with Android devices. The ACS Android Library is a collection of methods and functions allowing application developers to build smartcard based application in the Android platform.
Find web applications that enable users to experience the functionalities of ACS smart cards and smart card readers. These demo applications are offered free of charge. Applications require that a user have the smart card or smart card reader being demonstrated.
Find programs to help navigate or maximize the use of supported smart cards and smart card readers. These utility tools are offered free of charge. Tools can be used only with the supported operating systems, indicated respectively.
Windows Hello for Business and FIDO2 security keys are modern, two-factor authentication methods for Windows. Customers using virtual smart cards are encouraged to move to Windows Hello for Business or FIDO2. For new Windows installations, we recommend Windows Hello for Business or FIDO2 security keys.
A device manufacturer creates physical devices, and then an organization purchase and deploy them. The device passes through the personalization stage, where its unique properties are set. In smart cards, these properties are the administrator key, Personal Identification Number (PIN), PIN Unlock Key (PUK), and its physical appearance. During the device provisioning phase, the required certificates are installed, such as a sign-in certificate. After you provision the device, it's ready for use. You'll maintain the device, for example you may replace cards when they're lost or stolen, or reset PINs when users forget them. Finally, you'll retire devices when they exceed their intended lifetime or when employees leave the company.
A corporation purchases the devices to deploy then. The device passes through the personalization stage, where its unique properties are set. In smart cards, these properties are the administrator key, Personal Identification Number (PIN), PIN Unlock Key (PUK), and its physical appearance. The security that is provided for a TPM virtual smart card is fully provisioned in the host TPM.
A TPM might operate in reduced functionality mode, which may occur if the operating system can't determine if the owner password is available to the user. During reduce functionality mode, you can use the TPM to create a virtual smart card, but it's preferable to bring the TPM to a fully ready state so that any unexpected circumstances won't leave the user blocked from using the device.
Depending on the setup of the device designated for installing TPM virtual smart cards, it may be necessary to provision the TPM before continuing with the virtual smart card deployment. For more information about provisioning, see Use Virtual Smart Cards.
A TPM virtual smart card simulates a physical smart card, using the TPM to provide the same functionality as physical smart card hardware.
A virtual smart card appears within the operating system as a physical smart card that is always inserted. Windows presents a virtual smart card reader and a virtual smart card to applications using the same interface as physical smart cards. The messages to and from the virtual smart card are translated to TPM commands, ensuring the integrity of the virtual smart card through the three properties of smart card security:
There are several options for creating virtual smart cards, depending on the size of the deployment and budget of the organization. The lowest cost option is using tpmvscmgr.exe to create cards individually on users' computers. Alternatively, a virtual smart card management solution can be purchased to more easily accomplish virtual smart card creation on a larger scale and aid in further phases of deployment. Virtual smart cards can be created on computers that are to be provisioned for an employee or on those that are already in an employee's possession. In either approach, there should be some central control over personalization and provisioning. If a computer is intended for use by multiple employees, multiple virtual smart cards can be created on a computer.
During virtual smart card personalization, the values for the administrator key, PIN, and PUK are assigned. As with a physical card, knowing the administrator key is important for resetting the PIN or for deleting the card in the future. (If you set a PUK, you can't use the administrator key to reset the PIN.)
TPM virtual smart cards can be personalized on an individual basis when they're created with the Tpmvscmgr command-line tool. Or organizations can purchase a management solution that can incorporate personalization into an automated routine. Another advantage of such a solution is the automated creation of administrator keys. Tpmvscmgr.exe allows users to create their own administrator keys, which can be detrimental to the security of the virtual smart cards.
Provisioning is the process of loading specific credentials onto a TPM virtual smart card. These credentials consist of certificates that are created to give users access to a specific service, such as domain sign-in. A maximum of 30 certificates is allowed on each virtual smart card. As with physical smart cards, several decisions must be made regarding the provisioning strategy, based on the environment of the deployment and the desired level of security.
A high-assurance level of secure provisioning requires absolute certainty about the identity of the individual who is receiving the certificate. Therefore, one method of high-assurance provisioning is utilizing previously provisioned strong credentials, such as a physical smart card, to validate identity during provisioning. In-person proofing at enrollment stations is another option, because an individual can easily and securely prove his or her identity with a passport or driver's license, although this can become infeasible on a larger scale. To achieve a similar level of assurance, a large organization can implement an "enroll-on-behalf-of" strategy, in which employees are enrolled with their credentials by a superior who can personally verify their identities. This creates a chain of trust that ensures individuals are checked in person against their proposed identities, but without the administrative strain of provisioning all virtual smart cards from a single central enrollment station.
For deployments in which a high-assurance level isn't a primary concern, you can use self-service solutions. These can include using an online portal to obtain credentials or simply enrolling for certificates by using Certificate Manager, depending on the deployment. Consider that virtual smart card authentication is only as strong as the method of provisioning. For example, if weak domain credentials (such as a password alone) are used to request the authentication certificate, virtual smart card authentication will be equivalent to using only the password, and the benefits of two-factor authentication are lost.
High-assurance and self-service solutions approach virtual smart card provisioning by assuming that the user's computer has been issued prior to the virtual smart card deployment, but this isn't always the case. If virtual smart cards are being deployed with new computers, they can be created, personalized, and provisioned on the computer before the user has contact with that computer.
When you're provisioning your computers, you should also consider the longevity of credentials that are supplied for virtual smart cards. This choice must be based on the risk threshold of the organization. Although longer lived credentials are more convenient, they're also more likely to become compromised during their lifetime. To decide on the appropriate lifetime for credentials, the deployment strategy must take into account the vulnerability of their cryptography (how long it could take to crack the credentials), and the likelihood of attack.
For compromised virtual smart cards, administrators should be able to revoke the associated credentials, like they would with a lost or stolen laptop. Revoking credentials requires a record of which credentials match which user and device, but the functionality doesn't natively exist in Windows. Deployment administrators might want to consider add-on solutions to maintain a record.
There are techniques that allow employees to provision virtual smart cards and enroll for certificates that can be used to authenticate the users. This is useful when employees attempt to access corporate resources from devices that aren't joined to the corporate domain. Those devices can be further defined to not allow users to download and run applications from sources other than the Microsoft Store.
The proposed mitigation for the previous scenarios is to use Exchange ActiveSync (EAS) policies to reduce the automatic lockout time from five minutes to 30 seconds of inactivity. You can set policies for automatic lockout while provisioning virtual smart cards. If an organization wants more security, they can also configure a setting to remove the ownerAuth from the local device.
A managed virtual smart card can be serviced by the IT administrator or another person in that designated role. It allows the IT administrator to have influence or complete control over specific aspects of the virtual smart card from its creation to deletion. To manage these cards, a virtual smart card deployment management tool is often required.
A user can create blank virtual smart card by using the Tpmvscmgr command-line tool, which is a built-in tool executed with administrative credentials through an elevated command prompt. The virtual smart card must be created with well-known parameters (such as default values), and it should be left unformatted (specifically, the /generate option shouldn't be specified).
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