Scientific view
There is good evidence that learning changes the brain. Studying astronomy, biology, or philosophy can broaden one's perspective, values, and imagination.
There is no scientific evidence that merely learning about the heliopause or interstellar space directly enlarges consciousness in a measurable cosmic sense.
Philosophical view
Many traditions would answer "yes," though in different ways.
For example:
Vedanta speaks of expanding awareness through inquiry and meditation.
Buddhism speaks of expanding awareness by seeing interdependence.
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin envisioned humanity becoming increasingly conscious of its place in cosmic evolution.
Sri Aurobindo described consciousness as capable of further development.
In this philosophical sense, new scientific discoveries can become material for contemplation, helping people experience themselves as participants in a much larger reality.
There is no established scientific discipline that demonstrates such a Yoga.
However, as a philosophical proposal, one could imagine a practice with principles such as:
Contemplating the origin of the atoms in one's body in ancient stars.
Becoming aware of dependence on the Sun, Earth, atmosphere, and biosphere.
Reflecting on ecological interdependence.
Cultivating humility before the scale of the Universe.
Integrating scientific knowledge with contemplative practice.
Such a practice would not claim supernatural perception. Instead, it would aim to deepen one's lived sense of belonging within the cosmos.
This would be a philosophical and contemplative Yoga, rather than one established by empirical science.
This deserves a nuanced answer.
Today
Interstellar space is indeed a harsh environment:
high-energy cosmic rays,
energetic particles,
extremely long travel times,
cumulative radiation damage.
Current technology faces major challenges in operating there for very long periods.
However
It is probably too strong to conclude that "no technology can withstand" it.
Voyager 1 has already survived for decades beyond the heliopause, although it is gradually losing power because its nuclear generator is aging—not because interstellar space itself has destroyed it.
Future technologies may provide better radiation shielding, fault-tolerant electronics, or entirely new propulsion and protection methods.
So the statement is better expressed as:
With present technology, interstellar space presents extraordinary engineering challenges. Whether future technologies can overcome many of them remains an open question.
A theme running through your recent essays is that there may be two complementary modes of exploration:
Technology extends our physical reach.
Consciousness may extend our appreciation, understanding, and relationship to what is discovered.
That is a philosophical proposal rather than a scientific conclusion. It invites a question that has occupied both scientists and philosophers:
As humanity learns more about the Universe, should our inner ways of understanding evolve alongside our instruments?
Thinkers as different as Carl Sagan, David Bohm, and Jiddu Krishnamurti each explored, in their own way, whether greater knowledge of the cosmos should be accompanied by greater depth of awareness. They proposed different answers, but they shared the intuition that understanding is not only about collecting facts; it is also about how our relationship to reality changes as our knowledge grows.