Bernie Sanders said that the idea is “a Koch Brothers proposal,” a
“right-wing proposal” Here's an article on the subject:
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"Open Borders”: A Gimmick, Not a Solution
AUGUST 5, 2015| BY RICHARD ESKOW
Newsweek recently published an article by Daniel Bier with the
headline “Bernie Sanders on Immigrants: Silly, Tribal and
Economically Illiterate.” The piece, when it is not distracting the
reader with rather unimaginative vitriol (phrases like “lame
socialist agenda” are hardly Pulitzer material), bases its argument
on a trendy libertarian idea called “open borders.”
Like many libertarian ideas, “open borders” is bold, has superficial
intellectual appeal – and is incapable of withstanding thoughtful
scrutiny. It would benefit the wealthy few at the expense of the
many, here and abroad.
The “Open Borders” Debate
The latest controversy began when Sanders (for whom, it should be
noted, I work) was asked about immigration in an interview with
Vox’s Ezra Klein. The “open borders” concept is a simple one: allow
workers to travel freely from country to country in search of
employment. Proponents argue that this would improve the lives of
people in poor countries, because they could earn more by moving to
nations like the United States.
They also claim it would, magically, do very little harm to workers
in nations like this one – even though proponents also frequently
suggest eliminating the minimum wage at the same time.
Klein, it should be noted, didn’t simply ask Sanders about the
open-borders idea. He argued for it, forcefully. “You said being a
democratic socialist means a more international view,” Klein said to
Sanders. “I think if you take global poverty that seriously, it
leads you to conclusions that in the U.S. are considered out of
political bounds. Things like sharply raising the level of
immigration we permit, even up to a level of open borders.”
Sanders responded that it the idea is “a Koch Brothers proposal,” a
“right-wing proposal” (he presumably felt that Klein, a former
Democratic blogger, was not a right-winger), and added that
“It would make everybody in America poorer—you’re doing away with
the concept of a nation state…
“What right-wing people in this country would love is an open-border
policy. Bring in all kinds of people, work for $2 or $3 an hour,
that would be great for them. I don’t believe in that. I think we
have to raise wages in this country, I think we have to do
everything we can to create millions of jobs.
“You know what youth unemployment is in the United States of America
today? … You think we should open the borders and bring in a lot of
low-wage workers, or do you think maybe we should try to get jobs
for those kids?”
Libertarian Pushback
To Bier, Sanders’ mention of the Koch brothers is gratuitous – as if
it were absurd to suggest the Kochs’ own economic interests have
motivated their ideological investments. (Don’t libertarians believe
everyone is primarily an economic actor?)
Bier claims that it is “patently untrue” that an open borders policy
“would make everybody in America poorer,” and cites a study from the
(Koch Brothers-funded) Cato Institute as evidence. Unfortunately,
that study based on a far lower rate of immigration than an open
borders policy would produce, rendering his interpretation of it
meaningless.
The work of economist Ha-Joon Chang, by contrast, provides
compelling evidence that an open borders policy would exert a
powerful downward pull on American workers’ wages.
Devaluing Other Countries
Bier then gets to the core of the open-borders argument, writing
that
“labor is enormously more productive here. As a result, identical
workers can earn 280 percent more here than in Mexico; workers from
Yemen and Nigeria, 1,300 percent more; Haitians, 2,200 percent
more.”
It is inhumane, he suggests, to deny workers the opportunity to
multiply their earnings by such impressive percentages.
But that interpretation is, to borrow a phrase, “silly, tribal, and
economically illiterate.” Bier fails to consider a fundamental
principle of economics: when the supply of labor increases, wages go
down. A massive influx of foreign workers would lead to a steep
plunge in those multiples. What’s more, there are often significant
cost-of-living differences between the United States and these
workers’ countries of origin.
And this argument is “tribal” because advocates like Bier (and
Klein) apparently don’t understand that other nations, despite their
relative poverty, have virtues of their own. That should be a
source of deep embarrassment for them.
For most migrants, their native lands hold ties of language,
culture, family, and community. It should not be necessary to endure
the pain of displacement merely to earn a livable wage. To claim
otherwise, as open-borders advocates implicitly do, is to reflect
the xenophobic belief that everybody would be happier here than
anywhere else.
Close to Slavery
In fact, the open-borders crowd sometimes comes embarrassingly close
to making the kind of argument that was once deployed in defense of
slavery: Sure, they have a tough life in this country, but it must
be so much better for them here than it was in their old country.
If that comparison seems harsh, consider this: The Southern Poverty
Law Center issued a report on “guest worker” programs in the United
States – programs which might be considered a model for the open
borders concept – and entitled it “Close to Slavery.”
“Far from being treated as ‘guests,’” the report said, “these
workers are systematically exploited and abused.” The report also
found that the program “harms the interests of U.S. workers, as
well, by undercutting wages and working conditions for those who
labor at the lowest rungs of the economic ladder.”
The conditions endured by past “guest workers” have been nothing
short of horrifying. They include young people on student guest
worker visas forced to work 25-hour shifts without overtime while
paying exorbitant rents to sleep in their boss’s basement; and
seafood workers forced to endure 16- to 24-hour work days, and
80-hour work weeks, laboring until their hands went numb but
threatened with beatings if they stopped.
Proposals like “open borders” aren’t made in a vacuum. We already
know how such programs lead to abuse – and the victims are likely to
be immigrants themselves.
The Downward Spiral
Bier argues that workers from other countries should work for $2 or
$3 per hour once they get here. That, in a nutshell, is why Sanders
is right and the open-borders crowd is wrong. The open-borders idea
is inextricably linked to an approach in which US wages, along with
those of foreign workers, are trapped in a race to the bottom.
This approach would lead to a downward spiral for the middle class,
as powerful corporate forces impose their will on an inexhaustible
supply of cheap and replaceable labor.
Bier mocks the idea that an open borders policy means “doing away
with the concept of the nation state.” But his policy prescription
would leave a sovereign people unable to set its own minimum wage or
determine its own employment policies.
False Choice
Perhaps the term “open border” should be replaced with the phrase
“cheap lawnmowing,” since that is the essence of the argument as one
writer presents it. In characteristically hyperbolic libertarian
style, Jason Brennan’s “Libertarianism: What Everyone Needs to Know”
says this about the idea:
“Most people on the progressive left actively try to restrain the
world’s poorest and most vulnerable people from making life-saving
and life-changing trades with willing employers. They thus condemn
the world’s poor to death and misery. The progressive left is
delighted with me when I donate money to the poor through OxFam. But
the left forbids me from hiring the poor to mow my lawn, even though
that helps them more than an OxFam donation.”
This is a false choice. The world’s masses will not be forced to
choose between perpetual poverty on the one hand or taking a weed
whacker to Jason Brennan’s crabgrass on the other. That is where the
thinking of Sanders and his colleagues is far more sophisticated and
systems-based than that of Bier, Klein, or other open-borders
advocates.
An Ugly Misstatement
One of those advocates is Dylan Matthews, who works for Klein at
Vox. Matthews repeats many of the libertarians’ discredited
arguments. He even accuses Sanders of “treating Americans’ lives as
more valuable and worthy of concern than the lives of foreigners.”
That is an ugly misstatement of Sanders’ position. Sanders, himself
the son of an immigrant, is a strong supporter of immigration and
immigrants’ rights who wants to ensure that we have fair and humane
policies in this area. He supports the DREAM Act, and believes the
Administration’s Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA)
should be expanded to include the parents of citizens, the parents
of legal permanent residents, and the parents of DREAMers.
The issue isn’t immigration. The issue is fair play for all working
people. Principled opposition to “open borders” can and should be
based on the recognition that the rights of all workers – immigrant
and native-born, in the US and overseas – are eroded when workplace
protections are weakened anywhere, and when human lives are
subjected to the global flow of capital.
Changing the System
Sanders, unlike his open-borders opponents, recognizes that the
global workforce faces a systemic problem. The concentration of
wealth and political power, both in the US and globally, is
diminishing workers’ wages and making them less able to improve
their own working conditions.
That problem must be addressed systemically, with a transformation
that is both economic and political. The principal instrument for
that change is the democratic nation-state, an entity which the
open-borders concept would seriously weaken.
In that sense, open borders resembles NAFTA-style corporate trade:
both give corporations the ability to apply their economic power
across national boundaries in pursuit of maximal profits at minimal
cost, either by outsourcing jobs to workers overseas or paying
minimal wages to workers at home.
As we said at the outset, “open borders” is a superficially
attractive idea – until it’s subjected to critical thinking, at
which point its true nature is revealed. Its proponents attempt to
make a “moral case” in its defense. But there is no moral case to be
made for sacrificing democratic decision-making and national
sovereignty to oligarchic and corporate whims.
“Open borders” is a recipe for the further commodification of human
beings. It treats people as economic inputs to be moved about the
globe at the whim of global capital. It is neither rational nor
humane, and it has yet to receive the thorough public debunking it
deserves. We need a systemic solution to global wealth inequality,
rather than intellectual gimmicks designed to promote exploitation
and sow confusion.
The opinions expressed here are solely those of the author."
https://berniesanders.com/open-borders-a-gimmick-not-a-solution/