Sno; Pageof Guru Granth Sahib; Quote
1 659 bankay baal paag sir dayree.
You make your hair beautiful, and wear a stylish turban on your head.
ih tan ho-igo bhasam kee dhayree. ||3||
But in the end, this body shall be reduced to a pile of ashes. ||3||
2 1013 moond mudaa-ay jataa sikh baaDhee mon rahai abhimaanaa.
Some shave their heads, some keep their uncut fully grown matted
tangled hair tied on their heads, while some having taken a vow of
silence, remain filled with false egos.
manoo-aa dolai dah dis Dhaavai bin rat aatam gi-aanaa.
Their mind wavers wandering in ten directions, without loving devotion
and enlightenment of the soul.
amrit chhod mahaa bikh peevai maa-i-aa kaa dayvaanaa.
They abandon the Ambrosial Nectar, and drink the deadly poison, driven
mad by Maya.
kirat na mit-ee hukam na boojhai pasoo-aa maahi samaanaa. ||5||
Past actions cannot be erased; without understanding the Hukam of the
Lord's Command, they become beasts. ||5||
3 1103 jataa bhasam laypan kee-aa kahaa gufaa meh baas.
What is the use of wearing uncut fully grown matted tangled hair on
the head, smearing the body with ashes, and living in a cave?
4 1169 jataaDhaar ki-aa kamaavai jog.
What Yoga does he practice by having uncut fully grown matted tangled
hair on the head ?
5 1306 tatan khatan jatan homan naahee dandDhaar su-aa-o. ||1||
Making pilgrimages to sacred rivers, observing the six rituals,
wearing uncut fully grown matted tangled hair on the head, performing
fire sacrifices and carrying ceremonial walking sticks - none of these
are of any use. ||1||
6 1365 bhaavai laaNbay kes kar bhaavai gharar mudaa-ay. ||25||
You may have long hair, or you may shave your head bald. ||25||
7 1366 kabeer haad jaray ji-o laakree kays jaray ji-o ghaas.
Kabeer, the bones burn like wood, and the hair burn like straw.
ih jag jartaa daykh kai bha-i-o kabeer udaas. ||36||
Seeing the world burning like this, Kabeer has become sad. ||36||
8 1127 jataa mukat tan bhasam lagaa-ee bastar chhod tan nagan
bha-i-aa.
The mortal may have a crown of uncut fully grown matted tangled hair
upon his head, and he may smear his body with ashes; he may take off
his clothes and go naked.
9 1297 khat karam kiri-aa kar baho baho bisthaar siDh saaDhik jogee-aa
kar jat jataa jat jaat.
Some perform the six rituals and rites; the Siddhas, seekers and Yogis
put on all sorts of pompous shows, with exhibiting uncut fully grown
matted tangled hair on their heads.
kar bhaykh na paa-ee-ai har barahm jog har paa-ee-ai satsangtee updays
guroo gur sant janaa khol khol kapaat. ||1||
Yoga - Union with the Lord God - is not obtained by wearing any guise;
the Lord is found in the Sat Sangat, the True Congregation, and the
Guru's Teachings. The humble Saints throw the doors wide open. ||1||
Question: If Gurbani does not preach growing Kesh why do most Sikhs
think otherwise?
Ans: It has been clearly documented beyond reasonable doubt that
Gurbani does not support growing of hair on the head or for that
matter exhibiting any outward guise. Therefore, no logical explanation
is there, for support of essentiality by many Sikhs of growing kesh.
In fact similar quotes can be given from Guru Gobind Singh?s writings
also, which are not part of Guru Granth Sahib. But you can find lot of
support for the kesh and other Ks in later writings by various people
claiming to have recorded the orders of Guru Gobind Singh. These
writings are collectively referred to by the Sikhs as Rahatnaamaas.
The most quoted quotes in favour of the essentiality of kesh are NOT,
REPEAT NOT FROM GURU GRANTH SAHIB but are from Rahatnaamaas. Although
the keshdhari Sikhs claim to believe in only one living Guru i.e. Guru
Granth Sahib, in practice, ignorantly they have kept the Rahatnaamaas
on a much higher pedestal as far as the question of essentiality or
non-essentiality of kesh is concerned, so much so that a Sahajdhari
(cut) Sikh is dubbed as Patit i.e. one who is degraded morally and
spiritually.
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>ANS: It has been clearly documented beyond reasonable doubt that
that's quite a claim to make with your noncontextual/mis-translated
one-liners! show me where in the Guru Granth Sahib it says that kes are
not allowed.
The quotes you attribute to the Gurus are not against the concept
of keeping the hair unshorn. The Gurus were writing about the
practice of the Sidhs and Yogis, those who had forsaken the world
and grew out their hair (and made it into dredlocks). The Gurus
found their practice of keeping the hair unshorn (as a sign of
saintliness) worthless in light of the fact that they shunned
society and their responsibility to it.
When you quote Gurbani out of context (and worse, don't understand
the basic translations) you are doing a diservice to the panth,
especially the youth. Some young lurker is going to read your post
and spread your ignorance. Here we are, trying to inject our
sangat with pride for the Sikh saroop, and you're trying to tear
it all down? I highly suspect your motives and your obvious self
loathing. I might have to take back that last statement, as I
don't even think you're Sikh, probably just a RSS agent trying to
destroy Sikhi from within.
I'm going to respond to all your assertions individually, but this
is purely for completeness sake.
: Sno; Pageof Guru Granth Sahib; Quote
: 1 659 bankay baal paag sir dayree.
: You make your hair beautiful, and wear a stylish turban on your
: head.
: ih tan ho-igo bhasam kee dhayree. ||3||
: But in the end, this body shall be reduced to a pile of ashes.
: ||3||
talking about how in the grand scheme, nothing of beauty will
matter.
: 2 1013 moond mudaa-ay jataa sikh baaDhee mon rahai abhimaanaa.
clearly, these are all writings that condemn the actions of those
who are hypocrites, those that take on saintly appearance but do
not think like saints.
: 6 1365 bhaavai laaNbay kes kar bhaavai gharar mudaa-ay. ||25||
see above.
Just to play your game:
Namdev:
khoob theri pagrdi, meetay theray bol
beautiful is your turban and your words are sweet.
of course, I'm more responsible than that, so I'll tell you that
Namdev isn't talking about any person, he's talking about god.
: Question: If Gurbani does not preach growing Kesh why do most
: Sikhs
: think otherwise?
: Ans: It has been clearly documented beyond reasonable doubt that
: Gurbani does not support growing of hair on the head or for that
: matter exhibiting any outward guise.
No, you have not. I've debunked everything you've written, and I'm
not even well read in Gurbani. Imagine your dumbfoundedness in
front of a Sikh like like gaini Ditt Singh or sant Jarnail Singh.
Just so we're clear, there is a tremendous amount of historical
data gathered by ethnographers, anthropologists, and historians
that prove that orthodox Sikhs have always kept their hair
unshorn, since the time of Guru Nanak.
Kawaldeep
if you desire to correspond via email, please replace berzerkeley with berkeley
> I've debunked everything you've written,
> and I'm not even well read in Gurbani.
> Imagine your dumbfoundedness in
> front of a Sikh like like gaini Ditt Singh
> or sant Jarnail Singh.
In the case of "sant" Jarnail Singh Bhindrawale Ji,
you will feel even more dumbfounded when you would see
those AK-47 gun-barrels staring out at you.
-Surinder
__________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Yahoo! GeoCities - quick and easy web site hosting, just $8.95/month.
http://geocities.yahoo.com/ps/info1
: In the case of "sant" Jarnail Singh Bhindrawale Ji,
: you will feel even more dumbfounded when you would see
: those AK-47 gun-barrels staring out at you.
the same way you would feel with Guru Gobind Singh's talwar
sticking through your midsection.
or are you going to attempt to rewrite history and tell me the
Guru's didn't raise arms and kill others?
Kawaldeep
if you desire to correspond via email, please replace berzerkeley with berkeley
Blessed would I be if that were to happen.
> or are you going to attempt to rewrite
> history and tell me the
> Guru's didn't raise arms and kill others?
Why would tell you that? I am not foolish enough to
say something that is not true ;-)
Why do you ask me this question? Are you equating the
keeping of arms and killings by the Gurus to that of
"Sant" Jarnail Singh Bhindrawale?
-Surinder
__________________________________________________
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Yahoo! GeoCities - quick and easy web site hosting, just $8.95/month.
http://geocities.yahoo.com/ps/info1
If you are fluent in Punjabi and know the meaning of jataan, then how can you
honestly quote about jataan and then apply it to kes? That won't help your
credibility. By the way, since you use the method of selective out-of-context
quoting, here's something from Gurbani, in the same vein, for you:
kabeer soota kiaa karai baiTha rahu aru jaag||
jaake sangg te beechhura taahee ke sangg laag||
So, Gurbani does not allow sleeping! If you sleep, Ranbir Singh, you can't
be a Sikh, right?
I'd like to see you get out of that one.
Get a grip, brother.
Rajwinder Singh
: Why do you ask me this question? Are you equating the
: keeping of arms and killings by the Gurus to that of
: "Sant" Jarnail Singh Bhindrawale?
yes I am. If you are too short-sighted to see the equivalence,
it's not my problem. Fighting a dharamyudh is the same whether our
Gurus did it or our fellow Sikhs.
Kawaldeep
if you desire to correspond via email, please replace berzerkeley with berkeley
Following your logic, even those who shave their heads ARE NOT ALLOWED!
> 6 1365 bhaavai laaNbay kes kar bhaavai gharar mudaa-ay. ||25||
> You may have long hair, or you may shave your head bald. ||25||
As above, you are also not allowed to be bald, to follow your ridiculous
logic...
Learn your Sikhism, boy!
On Sun, 25 Nov 2001, Ranbir Singh wrote:
> Futility of growing long hair- Some excerpts from Guru Granth Sahib
> I am giving nine quotes in a tabulated form
>
> Sno; Pageof Guru Granth Sahib; Quote
> 1 659 bankay baal paag sir dayree.
> You make your hair beautiful, and wear a stylish turban on your head.
> ih tan ho-igo bhasam kee dhayree. ||3||
> But in the end, this body shall be reduced to a pile of ashes. ||3||
Its amusing that you do not conclude that even your body is futile :)
(from the last part of the quotation)
Perils of literal interpretation.
>
> 2 1013 moond mudaa-ay jataa sikh baaDhee mon rahai abhimaanaa.
> Some shave their heads, some keep their uncut fully grown matted
> tangled hair tied on their heads, while some having taken a vow of
> silence, remain filled with false egos.
> manoo-aa dolai dah dis Dhaavai bin rat aatam gi-aanaa.
> Their mind wavers wandering in ten directions, without loving devotion
> and enlightenment of the soul.
> amrit chhod mahaa bikh peevai maa-i-aa kaa dayvaanaa.
> They abandon the Ambrosial Nectar, and drink the deadly poison, driven
> mad by Maya.
> kirat na mit-ee hukam na boojhai pasoo-aa maahi samaanaa. ||5||
> Past actions cannot be erased; without understanding the Hukam of the
> Lord's Command, they become beasts. ||5||
Precisely. This part refers to those keshadharis who just make a show of
their attachment to Sikhism. And those Hindu/Muslim mendicants who used to
abuse their body in their futile shows of piety.
>
> 3 1103 jataa bhasam laypan kee-aa kahaa gufaa meh baas.
> What is the use of wearing uncut fully grown matted tangled hair on
> the head, smearing the body with ashes, and living in a cave?
Please put it in its proper context. Guruji is refering to the practice of
keeping "jata" crawling with lice and dirt that was common among Hindu
mendicants.
>
> 4 1169 jataaDhaar ki-aa kamaavai jog.
> What Yoga does he practice by having uncut fully grown matted tangled
> hair on the head ?
"Matted and tangled" are the operative words.
Thought of a kakaar called kangha ?
>
> 5 1306 tatan khatan jatan homan naahee dandDhaar su-aa-o. ||1||
> Making pilgrimages to sacred rivers, observing the six rituals,
> wearing uncut fully grown matted tangled hair on the head, performing
> fire sacrifices and carrying ceremonial walking sticks - none of these
> are of any use. ||1||
"Matted and tangled" again :)
>
> 6 1365 bhaavai laaNbay kes kar bhaavai gharar mudaa-ay. ||25||
> You may have long hair, or you may shave your head bald. ||25||
Sounds like the beginning of a tuk. Please quote in full.
>
> 7 1366 kabeer haad jaray ji-o laakree kays jaray ji-o ghaas.
> Kabeer, the bones burn like wood, and the hair burn like straw.
> ih jag jartaa daykh kai bha-i-o kabeer udaas. ||36||
> Seeing the world burning like this, Kabeer has become sad. ||36||
Everything goes to dust at the end. Does that mean that everything is
futile (in the sense you mean) ?
>
> 8 1127 jataa mukat tan bhasam lagaa-ee bastar chhod tan nagan
> bha-i-aa.
> The mortal may have a crown of uncut fully grown matted tangled hair
> upon his head, and he may smear his body with ashes; he may take off
> his clothes and go naked.
"Matted and tangled" again :)
>
> 9 1297 khat karam kiri-aa kar baho baho bisthaar siDh saaDhik jogee-aa
> kar jat jataa jat jaat.
> Some perform the six rituals and rites; the Siddhas, seekers and Yogis
> put on all sorts of pompous shows, with exhibiting uncut fully grown
> matted tangled hair on their heads.
> kar bhaykh na paa-ee-ai har barahm jog har paa-ee-ai satsangtee updays
> guroo gur sant janaa khol khol kapaat. ||1||
> Yoga - Union with the Lord God - is not obtained by wearing any guise;
> the Lord is found in the Sat Sangat, the True Congregation, and the
> Guru's Teachings. The humble Saints throw the doors wide open. ||1||
>
"Matted and tangled" again :)
>
>
> Question: If Gurbani does not preach growing Kesh why do most Sikhs
> think otherwise?
> Ans: It has been clearly documented beyond reasonable doubt that
Excuse me. I thought that the above were referring to "matted and tangled
hair" or shows of piety that are placed to impress others.
> Gurbani does not support growing of hair on the head or for that
> matter exhibiting any outward guise. Therefore, no logical explanation
> is there, for support of essentiality by many Sikhs of growing kesh.
> In fact similar quotes can be given from Guru Gobind Singh?s writings
> also, which are not part of Guru Granth Sahib. But you can find lot of
> support for the kesh and other Ks in later writings by various people
> claiming to have recorded the orders of Guru Gobind Singh. These
> writings are collectively referred to by the Sikhs as Rahatnaamaas.
> The most quoted quotes in favour of the essentiality of kesh are NOT,
> REPEAT NOT FROM GURU GRANTH SAHIB but are from Rahatnaamaas. Although
Sure, if you want to equate unclean matted and tangled hair = all hair,
you are welcome to live in your "paradise" :)
> the keshdhari Sikhs claim to believe in only one living Guru i.e. Guru
> Granth Sahib, in practice, ignorantly they have kept the Rahatnaamaas
> on a much higher pedestal as far as the question of essentiality or
> non-essentiality of kesh is concerned, so much so that a Sahajdhari
> (cut) Sikh is dubbed as Patit i.e. one who is degraded morally and
> spiritually.
There are many ways to be patit. Violating the Rehat is one way, keeping
all the show and having no substance is another.
Let me put it to you in a language you might understand.
The Rehat and the Thinking are both essential to being a Sikh.
If some people have the right Thinking and violate / insult the Rehat, it
does not mean that Thinking is useless.
Equally, if some people keep the Rehat but violate / insult the Naam, it
does not mean that the Rehat is useless.
You need both and sophistic arguments like "I-have-A-don't-need-B" are
humourous if not tragic.
WJKK,
WJKF.
Your misquoted, mistranslated and out of context quotes about the
'futility of hair' have been exposed for what they are by the other
posters.
>>I am a Sikh turned rationalist.>>
A Sikh can be both. Sikhism is the most rationalist of religions. So
are you rationalist who was a Sikh or are you both ?
>>I feel if my views are adopted Sikhism can be the
> major religion of the world even surpassing Christianity.>>
Pardon me but I thought our religion is Gurmat and not ranbirmat. It
is the Gurus views that matter and not yours especially after your
previous mischief with Gurbani. There are a 101 different sects and
gurudoms in india which espouse your view that Sikhs don't need to
keep their kesh. The most infamous is the radhaswamis. They are
entirely in concord with your views. But I have yet to be given proof
that their version of Sikhism has surpassed Christianity. If anything
their divergent views have only created more factions and parallel
gurudoms with their sect.
I think that what you arr are claiming is that if suddenly the Sikh
religious authorities state that a Sikh is not required to keep
his/her kesh then suddenly millions of people around the world will
suddenly become Sikhs. You are living in a fool's paradise. I know
why not go one better and make Sikhism more convenient for non-sikhs
to adopt. Lets do away with having to do the morning prayers, I mean
it is inconvenient getting up that early. Come to think of it why not
make Sikhism more convenient for the millions who drink alcohol and
the millions who smoke. We can make Sikhism mean anything you want it
to mean. You would just need to say you are a Sikh and hey presto you
are !. Imagine Sikhism can then become the biggest religion in the
planet . The fact that it wouldn't even have a minor semblance to the
religion founded by Guru Nanak shouldn't bother rationalist 'sikhs'
like you.
>>2. Rahatnaamaa Bhai Daya Singh declares death penalty as religious
> punishment for cutting of hair.>>
Can you give the page number and the actual quote ( not misquote ).
Given your previous antics I'm sure you will not begrudge my not
taking your 'facts' as gospel.
Bikramjit
Violently? I don't see any violence around your posting. What are
you talkign about? What does violence mean to you?
>My dear friends, Please understand that by gagging healthy
>discussion you are harming the interest of your own community. It has
Who gagged you? It's a pretty delusional bunch of things you're saying.
>been said that I can?t be a Sikh. Let me clarify that first. I am a
>Sikh turned rationalist.
Are you sure you're in the right newsgroup? What is the real NEED that
you fulfill by posting here?
> I love Sikhism. I consider it to be the best
>religion in the world. Therefore, I wanted to share my views on that
>with the community. I feel if my views are adopted Sikhism can be the
>major religion of the world even surpassing Christianity.
heh heh... this statement would be offensive if it wasn't so silly. If you
want the community's attention for your views, be a responsible member of
the community and get rid of that "sikh-turned-rationalist" spiel.
>why do we feel it to be so important for the sikhi sarup? Well I may
why do you feel it to be so important for Sikh practice to conform to
your weaknesses, arrogance, haumai and whatever psychological malaise
you're suffering from?
>be lacking knowledge on that, let me also know if you happen to find
>appropriate quotes from Dasham Granth.
Not only you're lacking on the knowledge front, you don't even have the
FAITH. Without that faith you will forever be running in circles with
selective quotes interpreted in your own "rationalist" manner, like a dog
chasing its tail.
>Don?t fall into a trap, I warn you. You may come across something that
>is really again from some Rahatnaamaa and not from Dasham Granth.
Who cares? The last thing I want to waste my time on is arguing with a "Sikh
turned rationalist" who is probably a big embarrassment to his rationalist
friends or gurus.
Ranbir Singh, you need to establish some credentials before you can
preach your stuff with the notion that "I feel if my views are adopted
Sikhism can be the major religion of the world even surpassing Christianity."
Your pipe dream of making Sikhism a mass market religion stems from your
ego, not from the Sikh impulse of Faith in and Love for Guru Nanak. Thanks
for the entertainment, but it's worthless.
Here's a starting point for you:
http://strangelove.bu.edu/~srs/lib-conformism01.html
RS
Thats the way exactly I read it, that being a Hindu and knowing
practically nothing about GGS.
I might have to take back that last statement, as I
> don't even think you're Sikh, probably just a RSS agent trying to
> destroy Sikhi from within.
Why do you say that. What does RSS have against Sikhism?
>
> I'm going to respond to all your assertions individually, but this
> is purely for completeness sake.
>
> : Sno; Pageof Guru Granth Sahib; Quote
> : 1 659 bankay baal paag sir dayree.
> : You make your hair beautiful, and wear a stylish turban on your
> : head.
> : ih tan ho-igo bhasam kee dhayree. ||3||
> : But in the end, this body shall be reduced to a pile of ashes.
> : ||3||
>
> talking about how in the grand scheme, nothing of beauty will
> matter.
More profound than that. No matter how much attention you pay to the
materialistic issues, without the sufficient spirituality, you gain
nothing.
>
>
> : 2 1013 moond mudaa-ay jataa sikh baaDhee mon rahai abhimaanaa.
> : Some shave their heads, some keep their uncut fully grown matted
> : tangled hair tied on their heads, while some having taken a vow of
> : silence, remain filled with false egos.
> : manoo-aa dolai dah dis Dhaavai bin rat aatam gi-aanaa.
> : Their mind wavers wandering in ten directions, without loving
> : devotion
> : and enlightenment of the soul.
> : amrit chhod mahaa bikh peevai maa-i-aa kaa dayvaanaa.
> : They abandon the Ambrosial Nectar, and drink the deadly poison,
> : driven
> : mad by Maya.
> : kirat na mit-ee hukam na boojhai pasoo-aa maahi samaanaa. ||5||
> : Past actions cannot be erased; without understanding the Hukam of
> : the
> : Lord's Command, they become beasts. ||5||
This verse conveys the essense of the message.
> :
> : 3 1103 jataa bhasam laypan kee-aa kahaa gufaa meh baas.
> : What is the use of wearing uncut fully grown matted tangled hair
> : on
> : the head, smearing the body with ashes, and living in a cave?
> :
> : 4 1169 jataaDhaar ki-aa kamaavai jog.
> : What Yoga does he practice by having uncut fully grown matted
> : tangled
> : hair on the head ?
> :
> : 5 1306 tatan khatan jatan homan naahee dandDhaar su-aa-o. ||1||
> : Making pilgrimages to sacred rivers, observing the six rituals,
> : wearing uncut fully grown matted tangled hair on the head,
> : performing
> : fire sacrifices and carrying ceremonial walking sticks - none of
> : these
> : are of any use. ||1||
>
> clearly, these are all writings that condemn the actions of those
> who are hypocrites, those that take on saintly appearance but do
> not think like saints.
I might add, those who do not know what enlightenment is. The most
popular themes of Sadhu's is penance, sacrifice and meditation over
years. I guess this idea has come to being from reading the puranas
and Buddha life story. If enlightenment can be achieved only that way,
God save us. I would venture to guess these Sadhu's mind is
preoccupied with determination to complete the penance (what ever that
might be). Once the mind is preoccupied, there is NO hope for
enlightenment.
>
>
> : 6 1365 bhaavai laaNbay kes kar bhaavai gharar mudaa-ay. ||25||
> : You may have long hair, or you may shave your head bald. ||25||
> : 7 1366 kabeer haad jaray ji-o laakree kays jaray ji-o ghaas.
> : Kabeer, the bones burn like wood, and the hair burn like straw.
> : ih jag jartaa daykh kai bha-i-o kabeer udaas. ||36||
> : Seeing the world burning like this, Kabeer has become sad. ||36||
> : 8 1127 jataa mukat tan bhasam lagaa-ee bastar chhod tan nagan
> : bha-i-aa.
> : The mortal may have a crown of uncut fully grown matted tangled
> : hair
> : upon his head, and he may smear his body with ashes; he may take
> : off
> : his clothes and go naked.
See above.
> :
> : 9 1297 khat karam kiri-aa kar baho baho bisthaar siDh saaDhik
> : jogee-aa
> : kar jat jataa jat jaat.
> : Some perform the six rituals and rites; the Siddhas, seekers and
> : Yogis
> : put on all sorts of pompous shows, with exhibiting uncut fully
> : grown
> : matted tangled hair on their heads.
> : kar bhaykh na paa-ee-ai har barahm jog har paa-ee-ai satsangtee
> : updays
> : guroo gur sant janaa khol khol kapaat. ||1||
> : Yoga - Union with the Lord God - is not obtained by wearing any
> : guise;
> : the Lord is found in the Sat Sangat, the True Congregation, and
> : the
> : Guru's Teachings. The humble Saints throw the doors wide open.
> : ||1||
Wonderful. How can anyone miss something so obvious.
bikhya kirya bhaddan tyagoh jataa joot rahibo anuragoh
Shun tobacco, the ritual of shaving the head ( At the
time of personal grief on account of the death of a
near one- Interpretation mine), Grow Jataa (Kes) and
live with love.
In this tuk word jataa has been used in the sense of kes.
The following quote is from another Rahatnaamaa
viz. Raqhatnaamaa Bhai Sahib Singh
Prithmay rikhi samaan hai jataa joot vyvhaar
First of all growing jataa (kes) is a practice akin
to that (of the growing of jataa ) of the saints.
Here also the word has been used in the same sense.
I am sure many more examples can be found from the
usage in old punjabi.
In present day English, the term "pedagogue" is used in two
different ways :
1. A teacher of children (less common).
2. A rigid person with set ideas about education (more common).
Of course I could find some texts where the term is used in sense
1. However, if you wish to conclude that all pejorative connotations
implied in 2 are misguided, its a case I would like to watch from, ahem,
the ringside :)
All this presumes that your translation is accurate. Which is a
different matter.
WJKK,
WJKF.