C.P. Addition/Correction: Parentage of Juliane de Sandwich, wife of William de Leyburn, Lord Leyburn
Douglas Richardson
The authoritative Complete Peerage, 7 (1929): 634-637 (sub Leyburn) has
a good account of the life history of Sir William de Leyburn (or
Leybourne), Knt. (died 1310), Lord Leyburn. Regarding his marriage,
the following information is provided:
"He married before 16 October 1265, Juliane, daughter and heiress of
Sir Henry de Sandwich, and heir also of her grandfather, Simon, and of
her uncle, Ralph de Sandwich. With her he had the hundred and manor of
Preston in Kent and other manors." END OF QUOTE
This information is derived from a well written and lengthy article on
the Leyburn family entitled "On the Heart-Shrine in Leybourne Church,"
in Archaeologia Cantiana, 5 (1863):133-193; 7 (1868): 329-341. In that
article, the following information is supplied on the Sandwich family:
pp. 190-191 -
"(41.) Among the Surrenden MSS. is a lease for life, (t. init. Hen.
III.) by Simon de Sandwich and Juliana his wife, of land in Preston,
[Kent], to William Sturemue; and, in another document in the same
collection, there is a note in a hand of about the middle of Edward
III., concerning the manor of Preston, by which it seems that at that
time there existed a dispute about the manor, and that the Says were
claiming it through an assumed grant of their grandmother, Juliana de
Sandwico, in defiance of a previous entail made by the said Juliana and
her husband, Sir William de Leyburn, on the right heirs of the said Sir
William, viz. the Infanta Juliana de Leyburn. From this note I extract
the following passage, as more immediately bearing upon our
genealogical researches: -
"Preston. Sir Simon de Sandwich formerly held the whole manor of
Preston, in entirety with Capeles, and had two sons, namely Sir Henry
and Sir Ralph; and the foresaid Sir Henry married a wife, who bore to
him an only daughter, namely the Lady Juliane de Leyburne, and
immediately afterwards, the said Sir Henry died: as it is said, death
seized him beyond the sea. And Sir William de Leyburne afterwards took
the foresaid Juliane to wife; after which the foresaid Simon,
grandfather of the foresaid Lady Juliane, died, seised of the manor of
Preston, and the foresaid Sir Ralph remained in it as heir, until Sir
William de Leyburn ejected him."
"The following extract from the Patent Roll indicates a slight error as
to Sir Symon de Sandwico having died seised of the manor of Preston.
He had forfeited it by treason, and the Crown had granted it to Sir
William de Leyburn, husband of his granddaughter and heir Juliana; and
doubtless, it was in that right that Sir William disseised his wife's
uncle, Ralph de Sandwico."
"Pro Willelmo de Leyburn - Rex omnibus, etc. salutem. Quod pro diutino
laudabili servicio, quod dilectus et fidelis noster Willelmus de
Leyburn nobis impendit, dedimus et concessimus eidem Willelmo, manerium
de Preston, quod fuit Simonis de Sandwico, inimici nostri, quod Juliane
uxori prefati Willelmi tanquam heredi predicti Simonis, post mortem
ejusdem Simonis reverti debuit. Habendum et tenendum eidem Willelmo,
cum omnibus pertinenciis suis, quoad vixerit, faciendo servicium inde
debitum et consuetum. In cujus rei, etc. Teste ut supra." (i.e., 16
October 1265). (Rot. Pat. 49 H. III, m. 4)." END OF QUOTE.
As we see above, Juliane de Sandwich, wife of Sir William de Leyburn,
is identified as the daughter and heiress of Sir Henry de Sandwich, who
in turn is identified as the son of Sir Simon de Sandwich. It does not
state that Sir William de Leyburn had the manor and hundred of Preston
in marriage with his wife, as alleged by Complete Peerage. Rather, it
clearly states that Sir William de Leyburn had the grant of the manor
of Preston, Kent, direct from the king, by the forfeiture in 1265 of
his wife's grandfather, Simon de Sandwich, whose heir she was.
As to the identity of Juliane de Sandwich's mother, we must turn to
other sources. Another article "Dent-de-Lion Gatehouse, Margate," by
Rev. C.E. Woodruff, in Archaeologia Cantiana, Vol. 25 (1902): 57-58
gives the following information:
"This fine early fifteenth-century Gatehouse is all that now remains of
what was once probably the most important and best fortified seat in
Thanet. Of the history of Dent-de-Lion, however, we know very little.
The earliest owner that we can find recorded was a member of that great
Kentish family of Sandwich, of which Planché remarks that we hear so
much but know so little [Footnote: Planché's Corner of Kent, pg. 301].
In the thirty-second year of King Henry III. (1248) Sir Henry, the son
of Simon de Sandwich, did homage for the lands he held of the King in
capite in the right of his wife Joan, daughter of Sir William de
Auberville. Of these lands Dent-de-Lion formed part, and on the death
of Henry de Sandwich without issue they passed to his niece Juliana,
the wife of that doughty knight Sir William de Leybourne, so intolerant
of "ifs" and "buts" -
Gullemes de Leybourne ausi
Vaillans homs sanz més et saus si.
William de Leybourne died seised of Dent-de-lion in the third year of
King Edward II. (1310), when this seat, together with the rest of his
vast estates, descended to his granddaughter Juliana de Leybourne, the
great heiress known as the "Infanta of Kent," who in 1362 granted to
the Abbot and Brethren of St. Augustine's Monastery in Canterbury her
manor of Dene in the Isle of Thanet. It is probable that Dent-de-lion
was included in this gift, since twenty years later this seat seems to
have been occupied by one William de Dandelyon, bedell of Minster Manor
..." END OF QUOTE.
The above source identifies the wife of Sir Henry de Sandwich as Joan
de Auberville, daughter and heiress of Sir William de Auberville, but
says incorrectly that Sir Henry died childless. We know from the
Surrenden MSS. above that Sir Henry de Sandwich was the father of one
daughter, Juliane de Sandwich, who became the wife of Sir William de
Leyburn, Lord Leyburn.
The above article indicates that Sir Henry de Sandwich did homage for
his wife's Auberville lands in 1248. That Sir Henry had possession of
his wife's lands in or before 1248 is confirmed by no less than six
Kent fines, all dated 1248, in which Henry de Sandwich and Joan his
wife dealt with various properties, among them lands in Walmer, Romney
Marsh, and Stockbury, Kent, previously owned by the Auberville family
[Reference: Calendar of Kent Feet of Fines (Kent Archaeological Soc.
Recs. Branch 15) (1956): 89, 94, 201, 205, 207, 209, 210].
As for Sir Henry de Sandwich's date of death, it appears he was
deceased sometime before 20 June 1255, on which date, his wife, Joan
d'Auberville, had remarried Nicholas de Crioll. This is indicated by
the following fine:
"Month of the Holy Trinity [20 June 1255]. Q. (pet.) Nicholas de
Crioll and w. Joan by Geoffrey de Erde, clerk. D. (ten.) Simon de
Sampwyc [Sandwich]; a third part of the manors of Preston, Ripple,
Wadling [in Ripple], Ham; Dene [in Margate], Margate and Asseton [in
Margate], which Q. claimed as the reasonable dower of Joan, whereof
Henry s. and h. of D. and Juliana formerly his wife endowed her at the
church door where they were espoused with the assent and consent of D.
and the said Juliana. Q. quitclaimed to D. and his heirs and to
Juliana and her heirs all their right of dower in the said manors or
any other lands and tenements of D. or which were of the said Juliana
formerly his wife. And for this D. granted for himself and his heirs
that henceforth they would pay yearly to Q. for the whole life of Joan
in the name of dower 20 li. at Preston, at Michaelmas and Easter.
Clause of distress during the life of D. in the manor of Preston and
after his death in all the said manors. After the death of Joan they
were to be quit of the payment." [Reference: Calendar of Kent Feet of
Fines (Kent Archaeological Soc. Recs. Branch 15) (1956): 261].
Following the assignment of dower to Sir Henry de Sandwich's widow,
Joan, there is another Kent fine recorded in 1258, in which Joan
d'Auberville and her second husband, Nicholas de Crioll, dealt with
part of her Auberville inheritance. This fine specifically names Joan
d'Auberville's father as being William d'Auberville:
"Five weeks from Easter [28 April 1258]. Q. Nicholas de Cryell and w.
Joan, by Geoffrey de Erde for Joan. D. Symon de Holt; concerning this
that Q. complained that when William de Abervill father of Joan whose
heir she is, gave by his charter to D. 103s. of rent to be received
yearly of the free tenements of the said William in Halyrode [in
Stelling] and Eselingden, retaining to William the homage of the same
free tenement and suit at his court of Swingfield D. by occasion of the
said gift after the death of William acquired to himself the homages
and suits at his court of which homages and suits William was seised in
fee on the day he died. Q. granted for themselves and the heirs of
Joan so far as pertained to them that D. and his heirs should receive
yearly out of the said tenements 4 li. 2s. 5d. 182-1/2 hens and 280
eggs, saving to Q. and the heirs of Joan the homages, wards, reliefs,
escheats, aids, suits and all other things belonging to the said
tenements or there out. To hold to D. and his heirs of Q. and the
heirs of Joan, payment yearly at Christmas 5 grains of pepper at
Swingfield when before he had been accustomed to pay 3s. Warranty by
Q. and the heirs of Joan. And for this D. granted for himself and his
heirs that they henceforth would not exact from the said tenants or
their heirs or of their tenements other customs or service except only
the said annual rent." [Reference: Calendar of Kent Feet of Fines (Kent
Archaeological Soc. Recs. Branch 15) (1956): 292].
Thus, it would appear that Juliane de Sandwich, wife of Sir William de
Leyburn, Lord Leyburn, was the daughter and heiress of Henry de
Sandwich, Knt. (son and heir apparent of Simon de Sandwich, Knt., of
Preston, Dene (in Margate), Ham, Ripple, and Margate, Kent), by Joan,
daughter and heiress of William d'Auberville, Knt., of Westenhanger [in
Stanford], Halyrode [in Loningborough Hundred], and Stockbury, Kent.
Also, it should be noted that Joan d'Auberville, wife of Sir Henry de
Sandwich, also has living descendants by her second marriage to Sir
Nicholas de Crioll.
Best always, Douglas Richardson, Salt Lake City, Utah
Website: www.royalancestry.com