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[soc.culture.pakistan] FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

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Asim Mughal

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Jan 18, 2006, 12:47:40 AM1/18/06

Archive-name: pakistan-faq
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Last-modified: 1997/02/14
Version: 2.3
Organization: Alumni Association, Caltech, Pasadena, California. U.S.A.
X-URL: http://alumni.caltech.edu/~mughal/pakistan/pakistan.html

Copyright 1993-94-95-96-97
Asim Mughal (mug...@caltech.edu)

Redistribution for profit, or in altered content /format
prohibited without permission of the authors. Any other
redistribution must include this copyright notice and
attribution.

***** ANSWERS TO FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS *********

READ THIS BEFORE YOU POST A QUERY.

This message is automatically posted once a month to provide
answers to commonly asked questions on this forum.

If you have any contributions or changes to this document
please send me an email message. If you never wish you see
this document again, please add the above subject in your KILL
file.

Sincerely,
Asim Mughal (mug...@caltech.edu)
Soc.Culture.Pakistan FAQ Maintainer

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Contents:

1) History & Charter of Soc.Culture.Pakistan
2) Info on Pakistan
3) Addresses of Pakistan Embassy & Consulates in US
4)* Pakistan Government Listing
5) Information on Remitting Money to Pakistan
6) Pictures of Pakistan [FTP sites w/ gifs, info etc]
7) Pakistani Newspapers / Magazine Subscriptions
8) Pakistan News Service [News & Info on Pakistan]
9) Electronic Services & Network Domains In Pakistan
10)* Books on Pakistan
11) National Anthem of Pakistan (with English Translation)
12) Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah - The Founder of Pakistan
13) Allama Iqbal - The National Poet of Pakistan
14) Telephone Area Codes for All Cities
15) Currency Exchange Rates for Pakistani Rupees
16)* Mailings Lists: "Pak-scholars", "Pak-students" & EML
17) U.S. Immigration Info
18) U.S. Embassy/Consulates In Pakistan & Pakistan Visa Info
19) H-1 Visa Info: Mexico & Canada + H-4 Visa Info
20) Baby Names!
21) World Wide Web Home Pages on Pakistan
22) USENET Statistics on Soc.Culture.Pakistan.
23)* Info on soc.culture.pakistan Reorganization
24)* Berkeley Language Urdu Program
25)* Urdu - Dictionary/Fonts/Software
26)* This FAQ: Archive Info, History & Credits

* New or updated in this revision of FAQ.
************************************************************************
************************************************************************
-------
Subject: 1) History & Charter of Soc.Culture.Pakistan

A- Call for Discussion: By: Ali Raja
(araja@smu!ti-csl!m2.ti.com)
Posted: 6 Feb '90

B- Call for Votes: By: Junaid Ahmed Zubairi
(jzub...@rodan.acs.syr.edu)
Posted: 1 Mar '90
Voting Period: 26 Feb '90 - 18 Mar '90

______________________________________________________________________________
CALL FOR DISCUSSION: [Original Text]
____________________________________

Newsgroups: soc.culture.indian,soc.culture.turkish,soc.culture.arabic,talk.polit
ics.mideast,news.announce.newgroups
Subject: Call for discussion -- soc.culture.pakistan
Date: 6 Feb 90 21:24:33 GMT
Sender: news@smu!ti-csl!ti-csl.ti.com
Lines: 20

This is a formal call for discussion for the creation of the newsgroup
soc.culture.pakistan.

Discussions related to Pakistani issues are usually carried out in
soc.culture.indian. However, there are a number of issues that are
relevant to Pakistan that are not relevant to soc.culture.indian.
I feel that the number of articles seems to justify the creation of
this newsgroup.

I am making a formal call for discussion for the newsgroup. The
discussion period will extend for two weeks until at least, 21st
Feburary 1990. A call for votes, if it is deemed suitable will
them be issued after that point.

Please post all discussion articles to news.groups, where such discussions
usually take place, and/or soc.culture.indian, which has seen more than
its fair share of such discussions.

_____________________________________________________________________________
CALL FOR VOTES: [Original Text] INCLUDES CHARTER
________________________________________________

From jzub...@rodan.acs.syr.edu Tue Feb 18 00:21:38 1992
Date: Thu, 1 Mar 90 11:24:52 EST
From: jzub...@rodan.acs.syr.edu (Junaid Ahmed Zubairi)
Newsgroups: news.announce.newgroups,news.groups
Subject: CALL FOR VOTES: soc.culture.pakistan
Organization: Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY

This is the formal "call for votes" for the creation of a world-wide,
UNMODERATED Soc.Culture.Pakistan newsgroup on USENET.

The discussion period for creation of soc.culture.pakistan has already
ended and a lot of interest was observed during the discussion period.

The proposed newsgroup is intended to generally provide a medium for those
interested to express, share, and exchange their views, ideas, and feelings
about Pakistan and Pakistani culture.

Possible discussion issues include aspects of Pakistani
- culture, history, philosophy, ideology, geography;
- societies, traditions, customs;
- literature, poetry, art, folklore;
- languages, books;
- science, technology;
- food, cookery;
- local events, news, programs, economy;
- communities abroad, problems, needs; and
- *things* normally discussed in the "soc.culture" newsgroups.

To Vote, send an e-mail to:
jzub...@rodan.acs.syr.edu
OR simply reply to this message.

Voting period will last from Feb 26th, until Midnight, March 18th, 1990.

As per USENET newsgroup creation guidelines,
- Votes MUST be explicit; they should be of the form "I vote (YES) for
the creation of newsgroup soc.culture.Pakistan as proposed" or "I vote
against (NO for) the creation of newsgroup soc.culture.Pakistan as
proposed". The wording doesn't have to be exact, it just needs to be
unambiguous.
In particular, statements of the form "I would vote for this group
if..." are considered COMMENTS and will NOT be counted as votes.
- Only votes that arrive DURING the voting period will be counted.
- ONLY votes E-MAILED to the vote-taker will count.
- Votes POSTED to the net for any reason (including inability to get
mail to the vote-taker) and proxy votes (such as having a mailing
list maintainer claim a vote for each member of the list) will NOT
be counted.
- At the end of the voting period, if 100 more YES/create votes are
received than NO/don't create votes AND at least 2/3 of the total
number of valid votes received are in favor of the creation, a
newgroup control message will be sent out. If the 100 vote margin
or 2/3 portion is not met, the newsgroup will not be created.

Junaid Zubairi
Vote-taker

************************************************************************
************************************************************************
-------
Subject: 2) Info on Pakistan

PAKISTAN GEOGRAPHY:

Total area: 803,940 km2

Land area: 778,720 km2

Land boundaries: 6,774 km total; Afghanistan 2,430 km, China 523 km,
India 2,912 km, Iran 909 km

Climate: mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in north

Environment: frequent earthquakes, occasionally severe especially in
north and west; flooding along the Indus after heavy rains (July and
August); deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; water logging

PAKISTAN PEOPLE:

Population: 121,664,539 (July 1992), growth rate 2.9% (199222)

Birth rate: 43 births/1,000 population (1992)

Death rate: 13 deaths/1,000 population (1992)

Net migration rate: -1 migrant/1,000 population (1992)

Infant mortality rate: 105 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)

Life expectancy at birth: 56 years male, 57 years female (1992)

Total fertility rate: 6.6 children born/woman (1992)

Nationality: noun - Pakistani(s); adjective - Pakistani

Ethnic divisions: Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtun (Pathan), Baloch, Muhajir

Religions: Muslim 97% (Sunni 77%, Shi`a 20%), Christian, Hindu, and
other 3%

Languages: Urdu and English (both official); total spoken languages -
Punjabi 64%, Sindhi 12%, Pashtu 8%, Urdu 7%, Balochi and other 9%;
English is lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government
ministries, but official policies are promoting its gradual replacement
by Urdu

Literacy: 35% (male 47%, female 21%) age 15 and over can read and write
(1990 est.)

Labor force: 28,900,000; agriculture 54%, mining and manufacturing 13%,
services 33%; extensive export of labor (1987 est.)

Organized labor: about 10% of industrial work force

PAKISTAN GOVERNMENT:

Long-form name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Type: Parliamentary with strong executive, federal republic

Capital: Islamabad

Administrative divisions: 4 provinces, 1 territory*, and 1 capital
territory**; Balochistan, Federally Administered Tribal Areas*,
Islamabad Capital Territory**, North-West Frontier, Punjab, Sindh; note
- the Pakistani-administered portion of the disputed Jammu and Kashmir
region includes Azad Kashmir and the Northern Areas

Independence: 14 August 1947 (from UK; formerly West Pakistan)

Constitution: 10 April 1973, suspended 5 July 1977, restored with
amendments, 30 December 1985

Legal system: based on English common law with provisions to accommodate
Pakistan's stature as an Islamic state; accepts compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction, with reservations

National holiday: Pakistan Resolution Day (proclamation of the republic),
23 March (1956)

Executive branch: president, prime minister, Cabinet

Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament (Majlis-e-Shoora) consists of
an upper house or Senate and a lower house or National Assembly

Judicial branch: Supreme Court, Federal Islamic (Shari`at) Court

Flag:

Green with a vertical white band on the hoist side; a large white
crescent and star are centered in the green field; the crescent, star,
and color green are traditional symbols of Islam

PAKISTAN ECONOMY:

GNP: exchange rate conversion - $45.4 billion, per capita $380; real
growth rate 4.8% (FY91 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices): 12.3% (FY91)

Unemployment rate: 10% (FY91 est.)

Budget: revenues $6.4 billion; expenditures $10 billion, including
capital expenditures of $2.6 billion (FY92 est.)

Ports: Gwadar, Karachi, Port Muhammad bin Qasim

Airports: 112 total, 104 usable; 75 with permanent-surface runways; 1
with runways over 3,659 m; 31 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 43 with
runways 1,220-2,439 m

Telecommunications: good international communication service over
microwave and INTELSAT satellite; domestic communications poor; 813,000
telephones (1990); broadcast service good; broadcast stations - 19 AM, 8
FM, 29 TV; satellite earth stations - 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT and 2
Indian Ocean INTELS

ADDITIONAL INFO (A.J.Shah)

National game : Hockey
National flower : Jasmin
National dress : Shalwar Qameez
National poet : Allama Iqbal

Baluchistan with capital Quetta.
NWFP with capital Peshawar.
Punjab with capital Lahore.
Sind with capital Karachi.

Telephone FAX Address

CHANCERY (202)939-6200 (202)387-0484 2315 Massachusetts Ave. N.W.
Washington DC. 20008

ANNEXE: (202)939-6205 (202)387-0578 2201 "R" St., NW
A) Education Division Washington, DC. 20008
B) Finance & Accounts
C) Food & Agriculture

COMMERCIAL (202)939-6585 (202)939-6587 1825 Connecticut Ave. N.W.
Suite-217
Washington, DC. 20009

CONSULATE GENERAL (New York)
Mr. Iqbal Ahmad Khan ( Consul General )

(212)879-5800 (212)517-6987 12 East 65th St.
New York, N.Y. 10021

CONSULATE GENERAL (Los Angeles)
Mr. Aziz Ahmad Khan ( Consul General )

(310)-441-5114 (310)-441-9256 10850 Wilshire Blvd.
Suite - 1100
Los Angeles, CA. 90024

Courtesy: Pakistan News Service

************************************************************************
************************************************************************
-------
Subject: 4) Pakistan Government Listing

[As of Feb 3, '97, general elections were held in Pakistan,
new government has not been formed yet. Hence, the info is
being left blank at this time.]

The following is an official list of the Government of Pakistan:

PRESIDENT
Mr. Farooq Ahmad Khan Leghari

PRIME MINISTER

MINISTERS

MINISTERS OF STATE

ADVISER TO THE PRIME MINISTER

SPECIAL ASSISTANTS

Courtesy: Pakistan News Service PAKI...@ASUACAD.BITnet

Money may be sent through a Bank Draft written or a wire transfer. Fees
vary depending on your local bank. Average Bank Draft $15, Average Wire
Transfer $ 35. Wire Transfer takes five working days as opposed to two
months for a bank draft.

Pictures of Pakistan in gif format & general info on Pakistan is kept on
the following FTP site:

ftp.ugcs.caltech.edu

IP # (131.215.139.82, 131.215.134.135)

directory: cd /pub/gifs/Pakistan

Courtesy: Pakistan News Service PAKI...@ASUACAD.BITnet

Pakistani Newspapers & Magazines including The Dawn, Jang, Nation,
Herald etc are available by:

Asian Publications
P.O. Box 580
Elmsford, N.Y. 10523
Tel: 914-429-5577

Courtesy: Pakistan News Service PAKISTAN @ ASUACAD.BITnet

The latest News & Information on Pakistan is provided by Pakistan News
Service (PNS), an independent volunteer effort. The variety of services
vary from news bulletin to receipes of Pakistani food to database on
Pakistanis.

The news compiled in a newsletter form is distributed through LISTSERVs
in Arizona & Pennsylvania on average thrice a week.

The informational files are available on LISTSERV at ASUACAD and on FTP
site at ftp.ugcs.caltech.edu.

PNS CONTACT ADDRESS: PAKISTAN @ ASUACAD.BITnet

The following is a reference guide on services provided by Pakistan News
Service.

T H E P A K I S T A N N E W S S E R V I C E
__________________________________________________________________

A QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE
_______________________

BASIC CONCEPTS:

a. Email addresses of Pakistan News Service are:

PAKI...@ASUACAD.BITnet
paki...@asuvm.inre.asu.edu

PAKI...@PSUVM.BITnet
paki...@psuvm.psu.edu

Any contributions of News/Articles/comments may be sent to any
of the above email addresses.

b. A number of services are handled automagically by the LISTSERV.

c. These services include:

SUB PAKISTAN name - Subscribe to Pakistan News Service (PNS)
SIGNOFF PAKISTAN - Cancel Subscription to PNS
SET PAKISTAN NOMAIL - Put subscription on hold
SET PAKISTAN MAIL - Re-activate subscription
INDEX PAKISTAN - Get listing of files available thorough PNS
GET PAKISTAN filename - Get a copy of available file named 'filename'

d. To use the LISTSERV services:

Step 1: Send email to: LIST...@ASUACAD.BITnet
Step 2: 'Subject' field is optional (can be left blank)
Step 3: List the appropriate service (listed in 'c') as text of
your email.

e. Example: To subscribe from a unix machine my screen should look as
follows:

__________________________________________________________________

% mail list...@asuacad.bitnet
Subject: subscription to PNS

SUB PAKISTAN Asim Mughal

<CTRL-D>
%
_________________________________________________________________

f. Accessing Pakistan News Service forums thru USENET.

As of Oct 1, '93. PNS forums are available thru usenet as:

bit.listserv.pakistan
bit.listserv.pns-l
bit.listserv.muslims

To access: On Unix machines: type: 'rn' or 'trn'
go <name>

On VAX/VMS : type: 'VNEWS'

If USENET is not available on your site or your site doesn't get PNS
forums, please contact your system administrator and request for PNS
forums to be available.

NETWORK DOMAINS IN PAKISTAN

Top Level domains for Pakistan. imran.pk
ar.pk

Contancts: as...@ar.pk & an...@panix.com

ELECTRONIC SERVICES: A number of services are available to date.
Including email, ftp, telnet, www through different providers.
Pakistan Telecommunications is also officially live on Internet
as of Nov 23, 1995.

Email services are provided by numerous provides, and more are
opening up daily. Please look at the web pages on Pakistan to
find an uptodated list of providers.

************************************************************************
************************************************************************
-------
Subject: 10) Books on Pakistan

From: mur...@uclink.berkeley.edu (Niaz Murtaza)
There is a bibliography on Pakistan which has been compiled by David
Taylor called "Pakistan". It was published in 1990 by Clio Press and has
a lot of references on each of the topics that you mentioned above.

FOUNDERS OF PAKISTAN by Safdar Mahmood & Javaid Zafar.
Publishers United Ltd. 176, Anarkali, Lahore

CREATION OF PAKISTAN by Jamil Uddin Ahmad.
Publishers United Ltd. 176, Anarkali, Lahore

IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN by Prof. Saeeduddin Ahmad Dar.
Islamic Book Foundation, Faisal Masjid, PO 1453, Islamabad

PAKISTAN AFFAIRS- past & present by Tariq Mahmood Dogar
Dogarsons, Al-Karim Market, 15-Urdu Bazar, Lahore

POLITICS AND POLICIES OF QUAID-I-AZAM by Dr. K.F.Yusuf
National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research, Islamabad

HAD THERE BEEN NO JINNAH by Salahuddin Khan
PanGraphics Ltd. Islamabad

THE MODERN MOSES - A brief biography of M.A.Jinnah by E.H. Enver
Jinnah Memorial Institute, Karachi

PERSPECTIVES ON KASHMIR (Editor) Dr. K.F.Yusuf
Pakistan Forum, Islamabad

MY VERSION - India-Pakistan War 1965 by Gen (retd) Mohammad Musa. H.J.
Publishers United Ltd. 176, Anarkali, Lahore

************************************************************************
************************************************************************
-------
Subject: 11) National Anthem of Pakistan (with English Translation)

Pakistan National Anthem was adopted in August 1954. An open competition
was held among all highly competitive entries the entry of Hafeez
Jallundhary was approved by the jury. Cabinet adopted the anthem proposed
by Hafeez Jallundhari a couple of days before independence day in 1954.
The National anthem of Pakistan is one of the most prestigious ones in
the world and is very short. It's duration is only one minute and eight
seconds.

Following is the Pakistan national anthem:

Pak sarzameen shad bad Kishwar-e-Haseen shad bad
Tou Nishaan-e-Azm-e-aali shan Arz-e-Pakistan
Markaz-e-yaqeen Shad bad

Pak sarzameen ka nizaam Qouwat-e-Akhouwat-e-Awam
Qaum mulk saltanat Painda tabinda bad
Shad bad Manzil-e-murad

Parcham-e-Sitara-o-Hilal Rahbar-e-Tarakkeey-o-Kamal
Tarjumaan-e-mazee-shaan-e-Hal Jan-e-Istaqbal
Saaya-e-Khuda-e-zuljalal
____________________________________________________________________________
English Translation of Pakistan National Anthem:................ Asim Mughal

Blessed be the sacred land Happy be the bounteous realm
Symbol of high resolve Land of Pakistan

Blessed be thou of faith

The Order of this sacred land is the might of the brotherhood of the people
May the nation, the country, and the state Shine in glory everlasting

Blessed be the goal of our ambition

This flag of Crescent and Star Leads the way to progress and perfection
Interpreter of our past glory of our present Inspiration of our future,

Symbol of Almighty's protection

Courtesy: Text: Pakistan News Service (Pakistan@Asuacad)
Included per request of Amjad Shah.

QUAID-E-AZAM -- The Founder of Pakistan.
Amjad Shah <S.A.H....@lut.ac.uk>

Baba-e Qaum, Quaid-e Azam Muhammad Ali Jinah was born in Karachi on
December the 25th, 1876, in a building known as Wazir Mansion. He got
his early education at Karachi and Bombay. He did his barristery from
England. He saw the name of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) on the top of the
gate of Lincoln's Inn. So he decided to study there. After his return,
Jinah started his practice in barristery. He joined All India National
Congress in 1906. He attended for the first time a meeting of All India
Muslim League in 1912. Later he Joined All India Muslim League in 1913.
The third political party he joined was the Home Rule League.

He was member of both the Congress and Muslim League at the same time.
Initially he remained working with the Hindu leaders of Congress. He was
given the title of "Ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity" by prominent
politicians. With the passage of time he realised that the Hindu leaders
of Congress have a different agenda. He left Congress and became fully
involved with Muslim League.

Jinah was a man of principles. He was probably the only person among all
the big leaders of the subcontinent, who never went to jail. His motto
was: Unity, Faith and Discipline.

When Muslim League finally decided to have a separate country for
Muslims of the subcontinent, it was the leadership of Jinah which led
the nation to achieve this goal. Because of these leadership qualities
and his firm stand on the issue, Britishers found no way to reject the
demand of Muslims of the subcontinent for a separate homeland. He took
charge as the first Governor General of Pakistan on 14th of August 1947
in a ceremony at Karachi.

India never took risk of invading Hyderabad or Junagarh in his life.

Jinah died on September the 11th, 1948, at Ziarat near Quetta. He was
buried in Karachi. His tomb is a beautiful piece of architecture and is
worth visiting.

ALLAMA IQBAL ---
by Amjad Shah

Hakeem-ul-Ummat Shaair-e-Mashriq Dr. Sir Allama Muhammad Iqbal was born
in Sialkot on November the 9th, 1877. He got his school and college
education from Sialkot. He got his B.A. and M.A. from Government College
Lahore. He got Gold Medal in M.A. Philosophy from University of the
Punjab. During his studies, his personality was influenced by Maulvi Mir
Hasan (one of his school teachers) and Prof. Arnold (his teacher of
philosophy at Government College Lahore and later at Cambridge).

Iqbal started his career as Reader (a teaching grade below
professorship) in Arabic at Government College Lahore. During this time
he wrote a first ever book on islamic economics in Urdu. By the time he
was a popular poet in the literary circles of Lahore.

Iqbal Stayed in Europe from 1903 to 1907 for higher studies. He studied
at Cambridge (England) and Munich (Germany). Finally he got his PhD
degree from Munich University. The title of his thesis was "The
Development of Metaphysics in Persia". Once, during his stay in Europe
Iqbal decided to stop saying poetry in Urdu at all and to say in Persian
only. Because there were ready made compound words in Persian and it was
much easier to describe one's thoughts in Persian as compared with Urdu.
On the request of some Muslim Scholars, he refrain from doing so. They
told him that his audience is hindi, so he must write in Urdu as well,
so that maximum people can benefit from his visualizations. He also did
barristery during his stay at Europe.

After his return to Lahore, he was an advocate at Lahore High Court. Now
he was a very popular poet. In the fund raising public meetings of the
charity Anjuman-e Himaeyat-e Islam, his poems like "Naala-e Yateem",
"Shikwah" and "Jawab-e Shikwah" were sold as high as Rs. 50/- per copy.

Iqbal in his political career, joined All India Muslim League. He also
participated two out of three round table conferences at London. In 1930
he presided over the Annual Convention of All India Muslim League in
Allah Abad. In his famous presidential address he told the nation that
he is seeing a muslim rule in the muslim majority areas soon to be
established. This is also known as the dream of Iqbal, which became
reality as Pakistan in 1947.

Iqbal died in Lahore on April the 21st, 1938, after an illness of about
four months. He is buried near the footsteps of the Badshahi Mosque
Lahore. His desire was that his age should not be more than the age of
Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH).

His poetry books are:

Urdu -- Baal-e Jibreel, Baang-e Dara, Zarb-e Kaleem, Armaghan-e Hijaz
(This book is both in Urdu and Persian)

Persian -- Asrar-e Khudi, Ramooz-e Be-khudi, Piyaam-e Mashriq, P'as Cheh
Baa-eyad Kard ai Aqwaam-e Sharq, Javed Nameh, Armaghan-e Hijaz.

From: al...@FreeNet.Carleton.CA (Ayub Gaya)

92 Pakistan
21 Karachi
221 Hyderabad
221 Tando Adam
224 Tando Mohammad Khan
229 Dadu
23 Mirpur Hkas
241 Nawab-Shah
27 Uthal
29 Thatta
411 Faisalabad
42 Lahore
431 Gujranwala
432 Sialkot
4331 Gujrat
441 Sahiwal
442 Okara
448 Main Channu
451 Sargodha
459 Mianwali
47 Jhang
492 Kasur
4931 Qila Shiekhupura
51 Islamabad
51 Rawalpindi
521 Peshawar
522 Kohat
5231 Noshera
528 Bannu
529 Khan D.I.
531 Mardan
536 Mingora
536 Saidu Sharif, Swat
572 Gilgit
58 Muzaffarabad
5921 Abbottabad
593 Murree
5941 Jhelum
595 Haripur
596 Taxila
61 Multan
621 Bahawalpur
631 Bahawainagar
64 Khan D.G.
692 Khanewal
71 Sukkur
721 Jacobabad
731 Rahimyar Khan
741 Larkana
752 Moro
792 Kaipur
81 Quetta
83 Sibi
87 Khuzdar

Dated: Wed, 02 Mar 1994

Australia dlr .7130 .7133 1.4025 1.4019
China yuan .1149 .1148 8.7046 8.7046
HongKong dlr .1294 .1294 7.7287 7.7263
India rupee .0322 .0321 31.09 31.09
Indo'sa rupia .000466 .000466 2144.04 2144.04
Japan yen .009565 .009569 104.55 104.50
Japan 1-mo .009575 .009579 104.44 104.39
Japan 3-mo .009600 .009603 104.17 104.14
Japan 6-mo .009646 .009647 103.67 103.65
N.Zealand dlr .5759 .5758 1.7365 1.7367
Pakistn rupee .0330 .0330 30.33 30.33
P'pnes peso .0367 .0367 27.25 27.25
Singapore dlr .6317 .6323 1.5830 1.5815
S.Africa rand .2896 .2879 3.4525 3.4738
S.Korea won .001238 .001237 808.00 808.00
Taiwan dollar .0378 .0377 26.49 25.29

PAK-STUDENTS:
-------------

By: Ihsan Khan <I.K...@cs.ucl.ac.uk> June 25, 1994
Subject: up_date_for SCP FAQ
Date: Fri, 06 Sep 1996 17:56:11 +0100

Dear fellow Pakistani Student/Scholar,

Assalam'alaikom

We are pleased to inform you that a mailing lists PAK-STUDENTS has
been setup. The purpose this lists is to provide an educational forum
to the Pakistani students on which they can cooperate and help each
other on academic matters, such as, technical subject advise, information
about admission and funding, etc.

In order o subscribe to the list, please send a request to

pak-studen...@info.com.pk

with Subject : Subscribe PAK-STUDENTS

and provide the following details in the message:

Full Name :
Email Address :
Name of Univ. :
Course :
Year of Study :
Home Institute :

EDUCATION MAILING LIST (EML)
---------------------------
A mailing list for Pakistani educator or anyone interested in
Education Reform in Pakistan. To be included, send email to:

Tariq Cheema <tch...@sunflowr.usd.edu>

************************************************************************
************************************************************************
-------
Subject: 17) U.S. Immigration Info

GENERAL INFO

Newsgroup: alt.visa.us
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) are very helpful. There are
several parts to it. These documents may be obtained from any
of the following sites.

Anonymous FTP:

1. SITE: rtfm.mit.edu
Directory: /pub/usenet/news.answers/us-visa-faq

2. SITE: ftp.uu.net
Directory: /pub/usenet/news.answers/us-visa-faq

Files: part1 part2 part3 part4 part5 part6

DV-1 Lottery: Deadline - June 30 1994

Information may be obtained by sending a request to Pakistan
News Service (Paki...@asuacad.bitnet)

This section is from the document '/Internet Resources/US-State-Department-Travel-Advisories/Current-Advisories/pakistan'.

STATE DEPARTMENT TRAVEL INFORMATION - Pakistan
============================================================
Pakistan - Consular Information Sheet
January 8, 1993

Embassy Location: The U.S. Embassy is located in Islamabad,
Diplomatic Enclave, Ramna 5, telephone (92-51) 826-161. The
Consular Section is located separately in the USAID building, 18
Sixth Avenue, Ramna 5. In Karachi, the U.S. Consulate General is
located at 8 Abdullah Haroon Road, telephone (92-21) 568-5170. In
Lahore, the U.S. Consulate General is located on Sharah-E-Abdul
Hamid Bin Badees (50 Empress Road), New Simla Hills, telephone
(92-42) 365-530. In Peshawar, the U.S. Consulate is located at 11
Hospital Road, Peshawar Cantonment, telephone (92-521) 279-801/2/3.

Entry Requirements: A passport and visa are required. The visa
must be obtained from a Pakistani embassy or consulate before
arrival at the point of entry. Information on entry requirements
can be obtained from the Embassy of Pakistan, 2315 Massachusetts
Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C., 20008; telephone (202) 939-6200.
Travelers can also contact the Pakistani Consulate General, 12 East
65th St., New York, NY 10021; telephone (212) 879-5800.

## NEW (Nov 94) ##

Effective September 1, 1986 ALL US citizens require visa to visit
Pakistan. This includes tourists.

Pakistan Visa Fee is: $20.00

## ##

Medical Facilities: Adequate medical care is available in major
cities in Pakistan, but may be limited in rural areas. U.S. medical
insurance is not always valid outside the United States. Doctors
and hospitals often expect immediate payment in cash for treatment.
Supplemental health insurance which specifically covers overseas
treatment has proved to be useful. Additional information on health
problems can be obtained from the Centers for Disease Control's
international travelers hotline at (404) 332-4559.

Safe Trip Abroad" contains information on safeguarding valuables and
protection of personal security which may be of use. It is
available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.

Drug Penalties: Penalties for possession, use or trafficking in
illegal drugs are strictly enforced. Convicted offenders can expect
jail sentences and fines.

Tips For Travelers: The Department of State publication "Tips for
Travelers to South Asia" contains general information on the area.
It is available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. 20402.

Registration: U.S. citizens who register at the U.S. Embassy in
Islamabad or the Consulates General in Karachi, Lahore or Peshawar
can obtain updated information on travel and security in Pakistan.

No. 93-008

H-1 VISA INFO: (Juarez Mexico)
------------------------------

By:qq...@nmsu.edu (Qadeer Ahmed Qazi) 23 May 1994

Information on getting visa in Juarez, Mexico
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Jurez, Mexico is twin city of El Paso, Texas. Reach in El Paso in the
evening and in the early morning go to Juarez, Mexico. It is one day
project so you can plan to come back in the evening.

Juarez is kind of part of USA, you can always come back with valid I-94 if
some reason visa is rejected. Mostly not.

Be at the consulate at 6:00 AM, take following documents with you:

1) Valid passport
2) One photograph (if color then background should be white)
3) $ 100.00 fee if from India (No fee for Pakistanis)
4) Valid I-20
5) Documents for financial aid
6) Bank statement
7) Transcripts (of last semester)

Please do not say that you need visa to go to your home country, because
the answer would be simple "go and get new visa from there." Mostly you
would be done by 1:00 PM. If you are driving than stay in El Paso and go
to Juarez in the morning.There is a secure parking beside consulate with
parking fee of $3.00. If you are flying into El Paso, then reach early
and you can find a motel in Juarez.

An experience from a fellow is cited below:
------------------------------------------
1. a. Juarez time = El Paso time (Mountain) (April - October)
b. Juarez time = CST( 1 hour ahead of El Paso time in the other months
of the year)
Lot of people there thought Juarez was 1 hour ahead as this was mentioned
so in the old stories.

2. They processed and gave us the visas by 12.30 PM. The old story said
visas will be given only after 3.30PM. That could be the case also. So
make flight arrangements so that you will have time to kill rather than
hurry and/or miss the flight.

3. It might be a good idea to carry an umbrella. There is no shelter outside the
consulate. Also, pack your papers in waterproof material.

4. At the now famous 'Econo Lodge' they have a little discount for AAA members.

5. Econo Lodge number is 778 3311. Call from airport and they will pick you up.

6. It is cheap but conveniently located.

7. You can talk to the front desk and they will arrange the transport to
the consulate. In fact, the lady at the front desk called and arranged a
pickup at 3.30 am in the morning, without my haveing to enquire!!

In any case you can call Victor Garcia at 525 5341 and make arrangements.
He even has a cellular phone. He charged $10/- apiece for 5 of us.

8. Tips about filling application:

a. Leave blank what you are not sure about:
i. What is the purpose of your visit?
ii. How long do you intend to stay in USA?
iii. Do you intend to work in the USA(This is NA for H1 applicants)?
etc.
b. Put your home country address in the applicant's home address.

9. Opposite to the consulate there is are couple of stores which will let
you put your stuff in.

10. Yesterday, at the least, the consulate security let us bring in our
briefcases or small bags.

11. While coming back ask the Mexican cab to drop you at Mexican side of
border post. >From there walk for 5 mts to the INS visa center.

Once you get your I-94 go ahead the USA side of the border and cabs will be
waiting.

12. Questions asked:
a. What is your work?
b. Where did you study?

H-1 VISA INFO (Canada)
----------------------

By: aj...@albali.cs.buffalo.edu Dec 3, 1993

Having obtained an H1 from Quebec yesterday, I guess I can jot down my
experiences here.

I have dealt with 3 consulates (Toronto, Ottawa and Quebec) in the past
few weeks, and my experiences with each are given below:
- Toronto. Effective 15th Nov 1993, the Toronto Consulate will
take *5* WORKING days to process your application. So, unless
you have friends in Toronto, and don't mind a week's vacation
there, avoid Toronto!!

- Ottawa. They don't take walk-in applicants. You simply have
to fix up an appointment over the phone, and when I called
in the early November, they gave me a date for Dec 7th.
I'm not sure, but I think they take atleast a day to process
your application.

- Montreal. I haven't dealt with the Montreal consulate, but
rumor has it that they take 3-5 working days also.

- Quebec City. They take 48 hours to process your app.
They accept applications only on MWF, 9-11AM. Don't bother
lining up at 6AM; the consulate opens at 9, and as long as
you get in before 11, it should be OK. The aren't that many
people waiting to get in anyways. The consulate is located
near the end of "Terrasse Dufferin" (the end further away
from Chateau Frontenac), and you can see the flag poles sticking
out at an angle above the doorways. (No flags on them at nite).
I went on a Monday, and there were about 12 people requesting
visas that day. However, when I went to pick up my passport
on wednesday, I saw only 1 guy handing in his passport. BTW: they
simply ignore your pleas to hand back the passport the same day;
don't bother even trying unless there are just a couple of people
applying for visas.
If you are planning a trip to Quebec, I suggest you download
the file "StampingH1inNearAbroad" from the alt.visa.us FTP archives,
and read the post in there on how to get a visa at Quebec.

H-4 Visa Info:
-------------

H-4 visa is for the spouse of H-1 Visa Holder. There is no delay
or hold in this category. Spouse may apply any time after the
marriage, the whole process does not take more than couple of hours.

Spouse need to take the following documents along to the consulate.

a) His/Her own valid passport
b) Nikah Nama (Marriage Certificate - English trans prefered)
c) Two passport size pictures
d) Other Spouse's passport with H-1 Visa already stamped on it.
e) Letter from other spouse's employer confirming the empolyment
is current.
f) Don't forget to take original H-1 letter along.

************************************************************************
************************************************************************
-------
Subject: 20) Baby Names!

Female: Razia,RabiaRukhi,ruksana,zeba,shamimara,Rubina,Rabia,Sara,Fouzia,
Shumaila,Shazia,Shela,Hafza,Fara,Iram,Nadia
Male : AMIR,ASIM,ASLAM,ZAKI,ZUBAIR,SULEMAN,SALEM,FARAZ,ASAD,FARHAN
Nadir Sohail Shafiq Sohrab Shumail Noor Qarin

I have put most of the home pages listed earlier under one home page
after checking to make sure they still exist. Please send your home
page URL on Pakistan for listing. Thanks.

Combined HOME Pages URL:

http://alumni.caltech.edu/~mughal/pakistan/pakistan.html

--- Previously Listed Home pages ---

A- http://www.egr.uh.edu/~escco/Pakistan.html
By Fazia Rizvi (st...@jetson.uh.edu)

B- http://www.rpi.edu/~ansars/paksa_locker/pak_mosaic/pakistan.html
By Salman Ansari (ans...@rpi.edu)

C- http://www.wam.umd.edu/~ghori/
By Ghanzanfar Khan Gori (gh...@wam.umd.edu)

D- http://cuda3.me.mtu.edu:8023/home/maxwell-a.ee/kmushtaq/.mosaic/pakistan/pakistan.html
By Kamran Mushtaq (kmus...@mtu.edu)

Per May '94 USENET statistics: Ranking: 316/3135
Estimated Readership: 100,000

April '94: 283/3190 ; 110,000 readership

[This is intended as a brief summary. Please read the separate FAQ
on newly created soc.culture.pakistan.* newsgroups for details]

After a year or so discussion on 'PakNet' mailing list and initial
proposal for open discussion. A proposal to expand soc.culture.pakistan with
the addition of six subnewsgroups was presented on Nov 21, 1995.

A formal 'Call for Votes' was issued on Dec 13, 1995. The vote
closed on Jan 2, 1996. After a second 'Call for Votes', all following
groups passed and have been created:

Moderated:
soc.culture.pakistan.education
soc.culture.pakistan.history
soc.culture.pakistan.moderated

UnModerated:
soc.culture.pakistan.politics
soc.culture.pakistan.religion
soc.culture.pakistan.sports

More info on proposed newsgroups is as follows:

NEWSGROUP LINES:
soc.culture.pakistan.education Education in Pakistan. (Moderated)
soc.culture.pakistan.history History of Pakistan. (Moderated)
soc.culture.pakistan.moderated Discussions on Pakistan. (Moderated)
soc.culture.pakistan.politics Political discussions on Pakistan.
soc.culture.pakistan.religion Religious discussions related to Pakistan.
soc.culture.pakistan.sports Sports in Pakistan.

RATIONALE: all groups

The reorganization is being proposed to better address the diversity
of subjects and the needs of the readers which currently not being
served by unmoderated soc.culture.pakistan newsgroup.

The traffic on the unmoderated newsgroup soc.culture.pakistan has been
increasing steadily. It has reached the point where any meaningful
discussion on any topic related to Pakistan is lost in the high
traffic & noise. Thus rendering the newsgroup inoperable & unusable
for serious readership. This situation is also driving serious
readership away from the newsgroup. Current proposal is to rectify
this situation by proposing to reorganize the newsgroup into to a
number of moderated & unmoderated newsgroup based upon specific topics
of discussion.

In addition to the current traffic of over 200+ messages per day. In the
next few months, more usenet readers are coming on-line from Pakistan,
estimated 100,000+.

The current proposal is the essence of discussions held independently
by at least three separate groups of scp readers. All of them arrived
at the conclusion to split the newsgroup soc.culture.pakistan.

The proposed hierarchy is intented to provide a foundation for
subgroups under the hierarchy. The proposed subsgroups will focus on
specific topics on Pakistan and Pakistani culture. This provides
medium to express and share ideas, in addition learn from others
experiences & knowledge.

MODERATION POLICIES: For all three moderated newsgroups:

Namely, soc.culture.pakistan.education
soc.culture.pakistan.history
soc.culture.pakistan.moderated

The newsgroups in soc.culture.pakistan.hierarchy slated for moderation
will be moderated by one group of moderators. The moderators
submission address & multiple moderation tools are in the process of
being setup.

The moderation will not be censorship, it is solely for:

1. keeping the discussion relevant to the topics
2. Keeping personal comments out.
3. keeping flame/flamebaits out
4. keeping discussion civilized.

Further, moderators will enforce standard USENET guidelines for
postings, that is,

i) No test messages
ii) No commercial messages
iii) No anonymous postings
iv) Postings to be legible
v) Postings to be in proper format: (not more than
80 characters per line)
vi) Less than 50% quote text.

The moderators may resign at their own will or by unanimous vote of
other moderators if 1. They have no valid email address 2. Have been
inactive for over six months. Additional moderators may be added by
unanimous vote of active moderators.

Changes in moderation team & calls for new moderators will be posted on
the newsgroups.

FACILITATORS: For all three moderated newsgroups:

Namely, soc.culture.pakistan.education
soc.culture.pakistan.history
soc.culture.pakistan.moderated

Facilitators are advisors to moderators. Readers interested in advising
moderators and active in discussing moderation issues. Unlike moderators
Facilitators will not have posting rights. Facilitators are nominated
by moderators by mutual agreement.

TECHNICAL MODERATOR: For proposed moderated newsgroups. Solely responsible
for technical aspects, including maintaining submission addresses, updating
moderators' lists, posting announcements on technical issues. Does not
review/post regular incoming articles.

************************************************************************
************************************************************************
-------
Subject: 24) Berkeley Urdu Language Program

BERKELEY URDU LANGUAGE PROGRAM IN PAKISTAN 1997-1998

Background
The 25th Berkeley Urdu Language Program in Pakistan will provide 30 weeks
of Urdu instruction in two 15-week terms, with winter and spring breaks,
from September, 1997 through May, 1998. Particularly well-qualified
persons unable to spend the entire academic year may apply for one term.
Independent scholars and faculty members who wish to improve their
knowledge of Urdu in conjunction with ongoing or planned research are
encouraged to apply. This is strictly a language program.

Eligibility
Applicants must be citizens or permanent residents of the United States.

Plan A: Before beginning the program, applicants must have
completed at least two years of Urdu and/or Hindi, or the equivalent, and
should have a good knowledge of the Urdu script. Students having completed
one year of Urdu and/or Hindi by June 1997 are eligible to apply if they
intend to take an intensive second-year summer Urdu/Hindi course at the
University of Washington, Seattle, or at the University of Wisconsin,
Madison during the summer of 1997.

Plan B: Urdu language instruction will be offered to a limited
number of U.S. scholars conducting research in Pakistan. We can
accommodate all levels of ability; private tuition may be secured on a
contingency basis. We encourage American Institute of Pakistan Studies
fellows to use the BULPIP facilities.

Cost
The costs to all participants are a $25 application fee and a program fee of
$2,000 for the full academic year, or $1,300 for one term. Other fees for
tuition, housing, round-trip air transportation, health insurance, and
other living expenses may be paid in the following ways:

Plan A: Intensive advanced language students may fund their
participation in one of three ways:

USIA/NMERTA funding: Contingent upon funding by USIA, a number of full
fellowships will be awarded to US citizens enrolled in graduate degree
programs. These will cover tuition, housing, round-trip
transportation to Pakistan, a maintenance allowance, and health insurance.
No provision is made for dependents. The Center for South Asia Studies
awards the fellowships upon acceptance into the program.

FLAS fellowships: If your home institution is a Title VI National Resource
Center, ask about Foreign Language and Area Studies (FLAS) fellowships.

Private funding. Students may participate on the program using their own
funds. Ask us about total costs. You must pay all expenses in the United
States before departing for Pakistan.

Plan B: Those interested in language training other than the
advanced program should contact us, giving specifics of the level and
degree of training required. You must pay all expenses in the United
States, prior to departure for Pakistan.

Deadline
The application deadline is March 1, 1997. Request applications and
additional information from

Berkeley Urdu Language Program in Pakistan
Center for South Asia Studies
University of California, Berkeley
10 Stephens Hall # 2310
Berkeley, CA 94720-2310

Tel: (510) 642-3608
Fax: (510) 643-5793
Email: udr...@uclink4.berkeley.edu

************************************************************************
************************************************************************
-------
Subject: 25) Urdu - Dictionary/Fonts/Software

DICTIONARY:
From: z...@dstos3.dsto.gov.au (Zia Ahmed)
Subject: Urdu Dictionary (Part 1)
Date: 3 Dec 1993 01:24:25 GMT

Alphabet
--------
Vowel Pronunciation Key
-----------------------
a : "u" in "but"
aa : "a" in "far"
e : "e" in "bed"
i : "i" in "fit"
ee : "ee" in "feet"
o : "o" in "code"
u : "u" in "put"
oo : "oo" in "booed"
au : "ow" in "how"
ai : "ei" in "neighbor"
Notes: 1. ' indicates a glottal stop (pronounced like "uh") in very careful
----- speech. Normally, however, it is not pronounced at the beginning
of a word and in other positions it represents 'aa'.
2. The combination 'ah' at the end of a word is pronounced like 'aa'
or 'e'. For example: 'jagah' could be 'jagaa' or 'jage', i.e., the
h is silent.
3. The combination 'ah' or 'aH' in the middle of a word is pronounced
like 'e'.
4. n. (n period) indicates nasalization.
5. a - is used to distinguish between sh and s+h, kh and k+h, etc.

Letter Transcription Remarks
------ ------------- -------
'alif : a Could also stand for an unspecified initial vowel
be : b
pe : p Does not occur in Arabic
te : t Used in native words
Te : T Does not occur in Arabic and Persian
se : s Used in loan words
jeem : j
che : ch Does not occur in Arabic
baRi he : H Used in loan words
khe : kh
daal : d
Daal : D Does not occur in Arabic and Persian
zaal : z Used in loan words
re : r
Re : R Does not occur in Arabic and Persian
ze : z Used in native words
zhe : zh Does not occur in Arabic
seen : s
sheen : sh
saad : s Used in loan words
zaad : z Used in loan words
to-e : t Used in loan words
zo-e : z Used in loan words
ain : ' Could also stand for an unspecified initial vowel
ghain : gh
fe : f
qaaf : q
kaaf : k
gaaf : g Does not occur in Arabic
laam : l
meem : m
noon : n
vaa-o : w Stands for oo/o/au at the end of a word. In the
middle it could stand for w/oo/o/au
chhoTi he: h Used in native words
chhoTi ye: y Stand for ee/e/ai at the end of a word. In the
middle it could stand for y/ee/e/ai
baRi ye : y Occurs only at the end of a word and stands for
e or ai

URDU FONTS:
----------

Date: Mon, 06 Nov 1995 13:12:05 -0500 (EST)
From: ABBASS SYED AKBAR <93ab...@wave.scar.utoronto.ca>

You can find urdu/persian fonts at the following site ;

http://tehran.stanford.edu

and look under PERSIAN EDITORS. There is one called PARSNEGAR. You can
even download a demo. In addition if you browse around through the WEB
pages on that site you

URDU SOFTWARE:
---------------

Subject: Urdu Software call 800-308-8883
Date: 28 Sep 1994 14:04:36 GMT

Yes call this # if u are looking for an Urdu software. 1-800-308-8883.

ARCHIVE INFO:
This FAQ is archived & availble thru anonymous FTP & world-wide web.

Anonymous FTP:

1. SITE: rtfm.mit.edu
Directory: /pub/usenet/news.answers/pakistan/faq

2. SITE: ftp.uu.net
Directory: /pub/usenet/news.answers/pakistan/faq

Word-Wide Web:
-------------

URL for USENET FAQs:
http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/top.html

URL for this FAQ:
www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/pakistan/faq

HISTORY:

V 1.0 Released Dec 25, 1993
V 1.1 Released Jan 31, 1994 Expanded to 11 Items, new items: #3,#9,#10,#11
V 1.2 Released Feb 18, 1994 New items in # 11, # 12 Total items 13
V 1.3 Released Mar 10, 1994 New Items in # 11, # 13. Total items 15
V 1.4 Released Apr 04, 1994 New item # 14, Total items 16
V 1.5 Released Apr 29, 1994 Format Touchups
V 1.6 Released May 06 1994 New items # 1 & # 17 [Auto posting]
V 1.7 Released May 06 1994
V 1.8 Released Jun 26 1994 New item #16,#17,#18.Addtions to #21.
V 1.9 Released July 04 1994 New item # 18 & #21, #22 updated
V 2.0 Released Nov 18 1994 Expanded # 10, #18, New # 22
V 2.1 Released Oct 05 1995 Updated WWW entry.
V 2.2 Released Mar 26 1996 Updated #10, #19 & #25. New #23 & #24
V 2.3 Released Feb 14 1997 Updated headers,

CREDITS:

As noted by each item.

End of Soc.Culture.Pakistan FAQ
********************************
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