Gum arabic is an exudate obtained from Acaia senegal and Acacia seyal. In its natural state, it appears as round nodules, almost transparent, amber in colour. Saharan gum arabic has a long history and is harvested in Mauritania, Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Cameroon, Sudan, Eritrea, Somalia, Ethiopia and Kenya. Traditionally harvested by semi-nomadic desert pastoralists in the course of their season (harvesting usually begins in July), and exported at the start of the dry season (November). Gum arabic exports are (2008) estimated at 60,000 tonnes, having recovered from 1987-1989 and 2003-2005 crises caused by the destruction of trees by desert locust.
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