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Horses that are quickly removed from the offending plants may recover completely, but more often there are persistent gait abnormalities. There is no effective treatment. Early investigations into the prevention and treatment of Birdsville disease in Australia proposed the use of arginine-rich protein sources such as peanut meal (4.3 percent arginine) and gelatin (8.0 percent arginine). The lack of significant liver lesions in horses because of their relative resistance to indospicine, together with the likelihood that the neurological disease results from 3-NPA poisoning, suggests that arginine alone would have little benefit in the treatment of nervous signs, although non-neurologic signs may respond. Thiamine was also suggested as a treatment for nitro toxicity in ruminants, but other studies showed this treatment to be ineffective. The fact that 3-NPA neurodegeneration is used as an induction model for Huntington's disease research is testament to the current futility of all treatments. Management of affected horses should include their removal from the source, confinement to prevent any injuries, and nonspecific supportive therapy. It was previously suggested that livestock poisonings by I. spicata could be prevented by keeping the proportion of the plant below 25 percent of the total forage available, but recent evidence does not support this view. The best way to prevent poisoning is to stop access by horses to paddocks where creeping indigo is present or to remove plants by physical means or herbicide application.
My unwonted appearance still continued to excite demonstrations of alarm, but it seems my beard was mainly responsible for the indiscriminate flight which ensued. One old woman only was brave enough to remain seated in her doorway. I asked her for permission to inspect her dwelling, accompanying my request with a gift of a large packet of tobacco. She acceded, not without hesitation and a look of infinite distrust in her eyes. A rude wooden approach with apologies for steps led up to the interior. The rooms, one of which is assigned to each distinct family, were about the size of a horse-box, but a special apartment was reserved for strangers and solemn occasions such as a general reunion. The hearth, raised a few inches above the level of the floor, consisted of a platform on which three fires were burning and an appetizing and harmonious murmur proceeded from three pots in which rice, the evening meal, and the food for the pigs were being prepared. There was no chimney, for the duty of the smoke is to keep off the mosquitoes, which are such a plague in these regions. Accordingly every object in the place was covered with a thick layer of soot, and no window was to be seen.