"In the first half of the twentieth century, Sugar Hill was the premier Black neighborhood in New York City that stretched from 145th to 155th street and was bookended by Amsterdam Avenue to the west and Edgecombe Avenue to the east. For the Black elite, it was the most prestigious and coveted place to live in Harlem from the mid-1920s through the 1950s; the Pulitzer-Prize winning author David Levering Lewis explained it as “a citadel of stately apartment buildings and liveried doormen on a rock…” Built in 1917, 409 Edgecombe was the tallest and most exclusive apartment house—and “quite the party center” according to the prolific leftist poet Langston Hughes in his autobiography The Big Sea. As well, noted the Pan-Africanist, Black Marxist, and prodigious activist-intellectual W.E.B. Du Bois, it was conveniently located “very near the bus stop at 155th street.” 409 Edgecombe is well known for housing Harlem Renaissance notables like Aaron Douglas, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People leaders like Walter White, and, as historian LaShawn Harris brilliantly conveys, the numbers banker and “militant enemy of the Harlem Police” Madame Stephanie St. Clair.
| | When harlem was in vogue. (Book, 2009) [WorldCat.org]Get this from a library! When harlem was in vogue.. [david levering Lewis] |
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| | The Big Sea An Autobiography. (Book, 2008) [WorldCat.org]Get this from a library! The Big Sea An Autobiography.. [Hughes, Langston.] |
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| Letter from W. E. B. Du Bois to C. Belfield Clarke, December 13, 1949 |
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Absent from these representations is 409 Edgecombe as a site alive with Black left-wing activism, organizing, and strategizing—in other words, as a site of radical Blackness in the era spanning the Popular Front and the entrenchment of McCarthyism. It was there that organizations like the Sojourners for Truth and Justice were founded and meetings of radical organizations including the Civil Rights Congress and the Council on African Affairs were held. It was a hub of support for Benjamin J. Davis, Jr.’s City Council campaigns and Du Bois’s run for the New York seat of the U.S. Senate. Within its walls, the pathbreaking 1951 petition to the United Nations, We Charge Genocide,"
| | (1951) We Charge GenocideWe Charge Genocide: The Historic Petition to the United Nations for Relief From a Crime of The United States Gov... |
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was drafted, edited, and revised. Undoubtedly, it abounded with discussions and debates about the content of left-wing publications from
People’s Voice to
Freedom. As such, this exclusive building was a space that cultivated radical
Black internationalism, Black Marxism, and
Black women’s militancy."
| “New Freedom Movement of Negro Women”: Sojourning for Truth, Justice, an... |
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| | Black liberation / red scare : Ben Davis and the communist party (Book, ...Get this from a library! Black liberation / red scare : Ben Davis and the communist party. [Gerald Horne] |
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| | Communist front? : the Civil Rights Congress, 1946-1956 (eBook, 1988) [W...Get this from a library! Communist front? : the Civil Rights Congress, 1946-1956. [Gerald Horne] |
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| | Council on African Affairs (1942-1955)Council on African Affairs Protest, New York City, 1952 Image Courtesy of Schomburg Center for Research in Black... |
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