Greetings Jonas
The "absolutely no difference" is a bit misleading (currently)...
What is true is that \command[options]{xxx} and \begin[options]{command}xxx\end{command} both invoke the exact same processing code (note, however, how careful I am here, without blank lines, spaces, etc. differences _inside_ the content).
There's however, as far as I can say, some debate on how spaces and blank lines _around_ these structures have to be considered (i.e. ignored or not). Some issues have already been logged, e.g.
(and probably a few others)
So in your own example, the blank line after the command is considered to mark a paragraph, the blank line after the environment is not...
It's not really a difference between commands and environments, but in the way the (current) parser interprets the surrounding content...
It doesn't seem a consensus emerged yet, regarding the expectations...
I, too, find the current situation quite disconcerting... It's quite error-prone, at best.
Didier.