Using Windows PowerShell to back up a SharePoint Foundation 2010 farm

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You can use Windows PowerShell to back up the farm manually or as part of a script that can be run at scheduled intervals.

To back up a farm by using Windows PowerShell

1.      Verify that you meet the following minimum requirements: See Add-SPShellAdmin.

2.      On the Start menu, click All Programs.

3.      Click Microsoft SharePoint 2010 Products.

4.      Click SharePoint 2010 Management Shell.

5.      At the Windows PowerShell command prompt, type the following command:

 

Backup-SPFarm -Directory <BackupFolder> -BackupMethod {Full | Differential} [-Verbose]

Where <BackUpFolder> is the path of a folder on the local computer or the network in which you want to store the backups.

Note:

If you are backing up the farm for the first time, you must use the Full option. You must perform a full backup before you can perform a differential backup.

Read More: http://www.dshift.com/blog/using-windows-powershell-to-back-up-a-sharepoint-foundation-2010-farm/