You can’t go around the Lake in winter on bike or car. The road over Emerald Bay is never plowed, they shut it down at first snow and that’s it. This is the section just north of the Y headed towards Homewood.
On that note you might find it ok to go out and back from the Y to the closure as the closure might limit traffic.
If the roads are clear - truly clear - you could in theory go up to Spooner summit (50 headed North/west from Stateline) as it is an exposed road (sun = snow melt) that gets plowed and heavy traffic (= snow melt). But please note that the descent back from Spooner is very high speed - easy to hit 50 MPH - and there are numerous scary drainage grates (not of doom but a rattler at speed) on the shoulder. One whiff of ice at that speed could be catastrophic.
Perhaps your best bet would be to rack up and drive to Woodfords and do the loop of the Diamond Valley road race. Maybe not plowed but that valley doesn’t see much snow. You could ride out near Minden on Fredericksburg and maybe climb partway up Kingsbury from that side - the Carson Valley is often dry even when Tahoe is buried.
One year when conditions were good I rode up the Mt Rose highway from Reno on Christmas Day. A great climb with very good pavement if clean, a great descent. If you time it away from ski traffic
John