Transport Processes And Unit Operations 3rd Edition Pdf
Marquez Feliciano
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Revision of successful textbook for two-semester (junior/senior) course called transport phenomena (or processes) and with operations. Significant unit changes include the addition of a section on adsorption, chapter on membrane separation, and more complete coverage of fluid mechanics.
Intended for one-year transport phenomena (also called transport processes) and unit operations course. First semester covers fluid mechanics (also called momentum), heat and mass transfer; second semester covers unit operations.
For example, the separation process distillation is used to purify or separate alcohol in the beverage industry and other types of hydrocarbons in the petroleum industry. The drying of grain and other foods is similar to the drying of lumber, filtered precipitates, and wool. The separation process absorption occurs in the absorption of oxygen from air in a fermentation process or in a sewage treatment plant and in the absorption of hydrogen gas in a process for the liquid hydrogenation of oil. The evaporation of salt solutions in the chemical industry is similar to the evaporation of sugar solutions in the food industry. The settling and sedimentation of suspended solids in the sewage industry and the mining industry are similar. The flow of liquid hydrocarbons in the petroleum refinery and the flow of milk in a dairy plant are carried out in a similar fashion.
Many of these separation processes have certain fundamental and basic principles or mechanisms in common. For example, the mechanism of diffusion or mass transfer occurs in drying, membrane separation, absorption, distillation, and crystallization. Heat transfer occurs in drying, distillation, and evaporation. The following classification of a more fundamental nature is often made, according to transfer or transport processes.
1. Momentum transfer. This is concerned with the transfer of momentum that occurs in moving media, such as in the separation processes of fluid flow, sedimentation, mixing, and filtration. Momentum transfer is commonly called fluid mechanics in other disciplines.
2. Heat transfer. In this fundamental process, we are concerned with the transfer energy in the form of heat from one place to another. It occurs in the separation processes of drying, evaporation, distillation, and many others.
5. Membrane separation. This process involves the separation of a solute from a fluid by diffusion of this solute from a liquid or gas through a semipermeable barrier (i.e., the membrane) to another fluid.
Part 1: Transport Processes: Momentum, Heat, and Mass. These fundamental principles are covered extensively in Chapters 1 through 21 in order to provide the basis for study of separation processes in Part 2 of this text.
There are a number of elementary engineering principles, mathematical techniques, and laws of physics and chemistry that are basic to a study of the principles of momentum, heat, and mass transfer, and the separation processes. These are reviewed for the reader in this first chapter. Some readers, especially chemical engineers, agricultural engineers, civil engineers, and chemists, may be familiar with many of these principles and techniques, and may wish to omit all or parts of this chapter.
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