P-Delta is second order analysis which is applicable to the geometrical non-linear systems. In this, we take into account the moments developed by deflections caused by the local bucking of the members which are ignored in first order analyses.
As far as building is concerned, this effect has a predominant effect where we have soft story concept.Under application of the lateral forces, soft storey deflects more as compared to upper stories, and this action generates additonal shear and moments @ base. These additional shear / moments in turn makes structure to deflect more giving rise more to the shear and moments.
This process continues till collapse mechanism is not formed.
In STAAD we can perform this analysis by specifying number of iterations ( We need to define what do we mean by a failure or collapse mechanism) and use repeat load command.
Texts : Dynamics of str : Clough & Penzin
On Sun, 17 Aug 2008 Sarfaraz wrote :