I've definitely re-signed apps that have been signed for distribution with my development certificate with success, but I have never tried to re-sign with a distribution certificate. You can read this article from Craig Hockenberry that talks about how to do the signing from the command line :
you can also validate a signing by using :
codesign -vvv MyApp.app/MyApp
What we have done for clients is to have them give us their distribution certificate and private key so we can sign for them and give them the build, so this will also work.
You could probably do a test by signing a development build with your own distribution certificate and validating from the command line. If that works I would assume that the same would work for the client when the signed with their own certificate.