Caterpillar Vietnam

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Iencountered this caterpillar in North Vietnam (Hanoi) and could not find any reliable web site for this kind of search. I am not an entomologist, so I don't even know how to describe it, except that it has hairy head stalks. I hope my pictures will help.Thanks to anyone who can help me here.

Instead, I think this is possibly the larva of the rose-myrtle lappet moth (Trabala vishnou) in the Lasiocampidae. (It may also be the larva of the closely-related roseapple caterpillar, Trabala pallida -- see here and here).

I don't know this group of moths at all, but a series of failed "Lymantriinae" searches and otherwise successful image searches led me to this genus and these species. Lack of reputable resources available in English online make differentiation between species in this genus very difficult for me. Below are some images of Trabala caterpillars:

When hiking in Pu Luong Nature Reserve in Northern Vietnam, we found a species of Stinging Nettle Slug Caterpillar on a Banana leaf. My local friends got highly nervous when seeing it and I was intensely warned against touching it.

Saddlebacks are capable of launching a two-pronged defense response. Its stout urticating bristles may break off to remain embedded in its assailant. Some are envenomating bristles and contain two venom types: vesicating and hemolytic. Vesicating venoms cause blistering, and hemolytic venoms will break down red blood cells. Stings from these hairs are intensely painful and are described by victims as sharp and burning. The pain may last long and often spreads over a large area.

In Thailand, the venom of the Stinging Nettle Caterpillar Parasa lepida was investigated, which can be accessed at the same link as the picture above. The researchers found 168 toxin genes and also 21 novel genes, which were similar to neurotoxins in scorpions and tarantulas. This paper further explains that Parasa lepida is one of the most harmful caterpillars to humans in Thailand, causing intense pain, burning, itching sensations, and severe dermatitis.

Former ROM grad student Kim Humphreys (lead author) and I recently published an article in the scientific journal Biology Letters describing yet another fascinating behavior of the caterpillar Calindoea trifascialis.

Remarkably, the caterpillars have lateral appendages, like tiny drumsticks, near the front of the body. Not only are these structures unique for caterpillars, but a detailed study showed that Calindoea trifascialis caterpillars are chemically defended and use the appendages to smear compounds containing cyanide on any would-be attackers, most notably ants. The caterpillars also use these appendages to coat their body with these volatile defensive chemicals, allowing them to feed protected in their tents. [Darling, DC, FC Schroeder, J Meinwald, M Eisner, T Eisner, 2001, Naturwissenschaften, 88, 306-309].

One caterpillar with three remarkable and heretofore unknown behaviours, each related to its growth and survival. How many other fascinating, undiscovered stories are there waiting to be discovered in these forests? Wilderness in Southeast Asia is quickly vanishing, so fieldwork by naturalists who can help reveal these wonders is all the more important.

The Royal Ontario Museum acknowledges that this museum sits on what has been the ancestral lands of the Wendat, the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, and the Anishinabek Nation, including the Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation, since time immemorial to today.ROM acknowledges that this museum sits on the ancestral lands of the Wendat, the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, and the Anishinaabek Nation, which includes the Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation, since time immemorial to today.

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The thyridid caterpillar, Calindoea trifascialis, when disturbed, emits a defensive secretion from two sac-like glands that open dorsolaterally on the first abdominal segment. The larva has two arm-like protuberances that project outward from the body just in front of the gland openings. These "arms", which are wetted by secretion when the larva activates its glands, appear to function specifically for administration of the fluid. A primary component of the secretion in mandelonitrile, a cyanogenic compound, but the fluid also contains other potential deterrents, including benzaldehyde, benzoic acid, (E,E)-alpha-farnesene, and 3-methylbutyl-3-methylbutanoate. Tests done in the field in Vietnam, where the species is native, showed the secretion to be protective against ants.

The mission of this garden is to inspire homeowners to select native plants that provide food for caterpillars and multi-season landscape interest. Plants in this garden are referred to as host plants or food plants for caterpillars.

5. Caterpillar conveyor contains upper/lower steel construction, double-sided block belt and steel panel caterpillar. The effective thickness can be up to 200mm so it can provide a large variety of roof and wall products easily by changing the spec of the side blocks.

(a) The patent low-pressure type circuit mixing head is designed small and portable with motionless convection and rigid component, no abrasion, no need for expendables, no dead space, no remain material, no block up and excellent mixing of raw material compared with high-pressure ..

(c) The machine is controlled by inverter and precise metering pump. It can easily set the material flow ratio with large adjustable range. The circle flow and injection are designed with separate speed control to keep the similarity of circle flow pressure and injection pressure. This can ensure the injection quantity consistently during the operation.

8. The characteristic of this continuous caterpillar sandwich line is ALL parts including forming machine, PU injection, lamination, conveyor, cutter and auto stacking equipment are synchronized by a central Ratio Setter control system. The user can easily control the speed through the main speed controller (VR).

Officially established in 2006, Trong Tien Precision Mechanical Co., Ltd specialized in manufacturing metal roll-forming machines and export machines worldwide. Ensuring the application of the most modern technology, meeting all orders.

There have been many reports of children getting rashes from Gypsy moth caterpillars in the recent weeks. Is it dangerous? What are the symptoms and what should you do if you think your child has contracted it? We break down the fast facts to these questions and more below.

If you think your child has come into contact with Gypsy Moth setae try to remove the hairs as best you can and treat with pain relievers as needed. If any of the more serious side effects start to occur, like shortness of breath, contact your doctor.

I had no idea the trouble these pesky caterpillars cause until I fell victim to their hairs. I must have encountered one or more on my feet. The blisters are so itchy and painful I can hardly walk and can find no relief from it.

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Study lead author, entomologist Kim Humphreys of the University of Toronto, Canada, says people have known about the caterpillar's jumping behaviour for several decades but this is the first time it has been studied.

Before the caterpillar transforms into a moth it must first go through a pupa stage, in which it constructs a shelter, or cocoon, using a leaf from a species of Dipterocarpus tree. At night the shelter drops onto the ground and begins moving.

To jump, the caterpillar holds onto the inner wall of the shelter using its rear 'prolegs' contracts its body, and then quickly releases. This causes the shelter to recoil in the opposite direction. After a few days, the caterpillar transforms into a pupa and stops moving.

As part of his master's degree Humphreys decided to investigate why the shelters moved, under the supervision of co-author Professor Chris Darling of the University of Toronto and Royal Ontario Museum.

The results showed that while predation by ants and wasps kill a significant number of pupas, sunlight is the major factor in determining whether it will emerge as a moth. Too much heat causes the pupa to dry out and die.

After a visit to a center for cancer prevention in the United States where caterpillar fungus was produced in 2011, scientists at the Institute of Plant Protection Research began researching the mushroom and they have successfully produced this fungus.

Ophiocordyceps sinensis is a fungus that parasitizes larvae of ghost moths and produces a fruiting body valued as an herbal remedy. The fungus germinates in the living larva, kills it, and then the stalk-like fruiting body emerges from the corpse.

O. sinensis is known in the West as a medicinal mushroom, and its use has a long history in traditional Chinese medicine. The hand-collected fungus-caterpillar combination is valued by herbalists and as a status symbol; it is used as an aphrodisiac and treatment for ailments such as fatigue and cancer, although such use is mainly based on traditional Chinese medicine and anecdotal evidence.

In the world, caterpillar fungus exploited in the wild is extremely rare, mainly at an altitude of 3,200 meters of the Himalayas and Tibet. Each year the output is only 80kg so the price is very high, from $60,000 to $80,000 per kilo. This fungus is not yet cultivated commercially.

Dr. Pham Van Nha, a member of the research team, said this fungus contains high nutritional value, in which the team focused on the two main compounds - cordycepin with the function of fibroids and precancerous prevention, and adenosine which is used in the treatment of cardiovascular problems.

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