> The argument for why this is doable is rather simple. The Early
> Lunar Access(ELA) [1] proposal of the early 90's, which deserves to be
> better known actually, suggested that by using a lightweight 2-man
> capsule and all cryogenic in-space stages that a manned lunar lander
> mission could be mounted with only 52 mT required to LEO, half that
> previously thought necessary.
> The only technical complaint about its feasibility was that it
> required a crew capsule of only 3 mT empty weight. But the kicker is
> NASA is planning a Space Exploration Vehicle(SEV) [2] at that same low
> 3 mT empty weight. So the SLS at a 70 mT payload capability will be
> able to launch such a mission using the SEV as crew capsule following
> the ELA architecture with plenty of margin.
>
> Bob Clark
>
> References.
>
> 1.)Encyclopedia Astronautica.
> Early Lunar Access.
http://www.astronautix.com/craft/earccess.htm
>
> 2.)Space Exploration Vehicle.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Exploration_Vehicle
Just saw this:
Exploration Alternatives: From Propellant Depots to Commercial Lunar
Base.
November 15th, 2012 by Chris Bergin
[QUOTE]NASA managers have since created an option for a return, listed
as a Lunar Surface Sortie (LSS) mission via the Exploration Systems
Development Division (ESD) Concept Of Operations (Con Ops) document
(L2), allowing it to become a Design Reference Mission (DRM)
alternative, potentially at the expense of a NEA mission in the early
to mid 2020s.
While this option remains on the cards, source information acquired by
L2 this week revealed plans for a “game-changing” announcement as
early as December that a new commercial space company intends to send
commercial astronauts to the moon by 2020.
According to the information, the effort is led by a group of high
profile individuals from the aerospace industry and backed by some big
money and foreign investors. The company intends to use “existing or
soon to be existing launch vehicles, spacecraft, upper stages, and
technologies” to start their commercial manned lunar campaign.
The details point to the specific use of US vehicles, with a basic
architecture to utilize multiple launches to assemble spacecraft in
Low Earth Orbit (LEO). The details make direct reference to the
potential use of propellant depots and fuel transfer technology.
Additional notes include a plan to park elements in lunar orbit,
staging a small lunar lander that would transport two commercial
astronauts to the surface for short stays.
http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2012/11/exploration-alternatives-propellant-depots-commercial-lunar-base/
[/QUOTE]
I first thought the commercial plan was going to follow the Early
Lunar Access (ELA) proposal because it mentioned landing two
commercial passengers on the Moon. ELA was a lightweight architecture
that used a small two-man capsule:
But it is unlikely in the commercial plan they mean the passengers are
to fly alone without one or more professional pilots. And also the
article mentions the commercial plan is to use on orbit assembly. But
by using the Falcon Heavy or the SLS you could launch the ELA
architecture with a single launch.
Still, using two launches of the Delta IV Heavy both at its maximum
payload to orbit of 25 mT we could launch the ELA architecture. Even
if the Delta IV Heavy is not man rated, we could use separate
launchers to take the astronauts to orbit and transfer them to the
Moon vehicle after it is assembled.
For the NASA proposal, the article mentions the Lunar Surface Sortie
(LSS) proposal. But this was still to use a 4 man capsule, which
likely means the large, heavy Orion. It also would involve a separate
lunar crew module, also at variance with the lightweight ELA
architecture.
This lunar lander of the LSS proposal would then likely be akin to the
large, expensive Altair lunar lander. So this proposal would be
similar to the Constellation program whose high expense caused it to
be cancelled. Better would be if NASA went [I]small[/I] following the
ELA architecture to use a single, small capsule that would carry the
astronauts all the way from LEO to the lunar surface and back again.
This would allow a NASA return to the Moon with a proportionally small
additional cost above that of the SLS itself, and in less than a
decade.
These commercial or NASA missions, if carried through, would allow a
return to the Moon by the 50th anniversary of the Apollo missions if
not of Apollo 11 itself.
Bob Clark