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SCR: Why Subjective Consciousness?, Franklin

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Thomas Zoëga Ramsøy

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May 10, 2005, 11:57:17 AM5/10/05
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SCIENCE & CONSCIOUSNESS REVIEW
SCI-CON.ORG NEWSLETTER
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May 10, 2005

ARTICLES IN THIS ISSUE
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1. SCR Feature: Why Subjective Consciousness?, Franklin
2. Brain function in coma, vegetative state, and related disorders
3. Psychedelic Neurochemistry of Time
4. Dimensions of Folk Psychiatry
5. Seeing Double: Levels of Processing Can Cause False Memory
6. 1st Person Methodologies in Cognitive Science Symposium
7. Book - Biography of a Lobotomist
8. Journal - Consciousness and Cognition
9. Journal - Cognition and Emotion
10. Journal - Cognitive Brain Research
11. Journal - New ideas in Psychology
12. Journal - Dreaming
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1. SCR Feature - Why Subjective Consciousness?
by Stan Franklin
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In a recently published article Bjorn Merker identifies a vital task for
subjective consciousness, and hypothesizes this task as providing the
genetic pressure for its evolution... I invite you to join me as we
explore what I consider an extraordinarily significant step forward in
the scientific study of subjective consciousness.

Read More: http://www.sci-con.org/articles/20050501.html
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2. Brain function in coma, vegetative state, and related disorders
Steven Laureys; Adrian M Owen; Nicholas D Schiff
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_/_/_/_/_/ SCR Comments
This work is some of the most important presently done on conscious
states. The distinction between conscious and unconscious states have
come a far way from the mere division between conscious and unconscious
states. Today, unconscious states following e.g. brain injury or OD
are said to be part of a post-traumatic amnesic period. We can now
distinguish between brain death, coma, vegetative state, minimally
conscious state, conscious state and locked-in syndrome. This has
tremendous impact not only on our theories about consciousness, but also
on the lives of those affected by such injuries. The most prominent
example is the case of Terri Schiavo. The scientific study of different
states of awareness are probably still in their infancy, one of the
potent methods for settling cases of whether a patient is conscious or
not being neuroimaging techniques such as fMRI, PET, SPECT, MEG and EEG.

Read More: http://tinyurl.com/bcfmk [Science Direct]
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3. Psychedelic Neurochemistry of Time
Kim A. Dawson
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An accumulating literature suggests that a wide array of psychedelics
can induce potent changes in time perception.Very little is known about
the nature of these changes. However, the repeated theme of temporal
distortion amongst many archives of psychedelic experiences strongly
supports the notion that psychedelic drugs do, in some way, impact the
underlying neurochemistry of time perception. This brief paper discusses
examples of how psychedelics can change time perception and offers
suggestions for further research.

Read More: http://cogprints.org/4034/
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4. Dimensions of Folk Psychiatry
Nick Haslam
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This article presents a social-cognitive model of lay people's thinking=20
about mental disorder, dubbed "folk psychiatry." The author proposes=20
that there are 4 dimensions along which laypeople conceptualize mental=20
disorders and that these dimensions have distinct cognitive=20
underpinnings. Pathologizing represents the judgement that a form of=20
behavior or experience is abnormal or deviant and reflects availability=20
and simulation heuristics, internal attribution, and reification.=20
Moralizing--the judgement that individuals are morally accountable for=20
their abnormality--reflects a form of intentional explanation grounded=20
in everyday folk psychology. Medicalizing represents the judgement that=20
abnormality has a somatic basis and reflects an essentialist mode of=20
thinking. Psychologizing--ascribing abnormality to psychological=20
dysfunction--reflects an emergent form of mentalistic explanation that=20
is neither essentialist nor intentional. Implications for psychiatric=20
stigma and for cross-cultural variations in understandings of the=20
psychiatric domain are discussed.

Read More: http://tinyurl.com/c4lud [PsycInfo]
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5. Seeing Double: Levels of Processing Can Cause False Memory
Antonia Kronlund; Bruce W. A. Whittlesea
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Ordinarily, deeper levels of processing in a study session increase the
accuracy of later remembering. We modified the standard
levels-of-processing procedure by presenting items either once or twice
in the study phase, each item being the subject of a semantic, phonemic,
or graphemic question. At test, the subjects judged the frequency with
which each word had occurred in the study phase. Deeper processing
during encoding increased accuracy in judging twice-presented items.
However, it also caused an illusion of repetition for items presented
only once. The result underlines the importance of thinking of
remembering as a process of evaluation and inference, rather than simple
retrieval.

Read More: http://tinyurl.com/cf4vz [PsycInfo]
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6. 1st Person Methodologies in Cognitive Science Symposium
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A collaboration between
The Danish Society for Philosophy and Psychology
Centre for Theoretical and Empirical Consciousness Studies
Center for Subjectivity Research

Uriah Kriegel (University of Arizona)
Dan Zahavi (Center for Subjectivity Research, Copenhagen)
Morten Overgaard (Hammel Neurocentre, Aarhus UH)

May 24, 2005 at 2 – 6 PM
KUA, lecture room 22.0.11, Njalsgade 140-142, Copenhagen

Read More: http://tinyurl.com/5up45 [ScienceDirect]
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7. Book - Biography of a Lobotomist
Jack El-Hai
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This groundbreaking new biography takes readers into one of the darkest
chapters of American medicine — the desperate attempt to treat the
hundreds of thousands of psychiatric patients in need of help during the
middle decades of the twentieth century. Before the introduction of
effective psychiatric medication in the 1950s, patients often had no
choice other than to accept confinement in crowded and horrific asylums,
or to submit to dangerous “shock” therapies.

Into this crisis stepped Walter Freeman, a neurologist and psychiatrist
who believed he saw a way out of this quagmire. At a time when Freudian
psychoanalysis and other “talk” therapies were growing ascendant, he
advocated a completely different type of treatment — a brain operation
intended to reduce the severity of psychotic symptoms. In partnership
with neurosurgeon James Watts, Freeman adopted the surgical technique of
a little known Portuguese physician, rechristened it lobotomy , and
began performing the operation in the United States. In time, he
transformed lobotomy into a controversial outpatient procedure,
travelled the world performing psychosurgeries, and devoted his life to
tracking the recovery of his patients. Meanwhile, his personal life
collapsed around him.

Read More: http://www.lobotomist.com
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8. Journal - Consciousness and Cognition
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This issue contains:

* Editorial
William P. Banks, Bernard J. Baars, Antti Revonsuo

* Subjective experience is probably not limited to humans: The evidence
from neurobiology and behavior
Bernard J. Baars

* GUEST EDITORIAL Toward a science of ultimate concern
Jaak Panksepp

* Affective consciousness: Core emotional feelings in animals and humans
Jaak Panksepp

* Commentary: Panksepp’s common sense view of affective neuroscience is
not the common-sense view in large areas of neuroscience
Douglas F. Watt

* The liabilities of mobility: A selection pressure for the transition
to consciousness in animal evolution
Bjorn Merker

* Commentary: Evolutionary pressures and a stable world for animals and
robots: A commentary on Merker
Stan Franklin

* Criteria for consciousness in humans and other mammals
Anil K. Seth, Bernard J. Baars, and David B. Edelman

* Neural Darwinism and consciousness
Anil K. Seth and Bernard J. Baars

* Identifying hallmarks of consciousness in non-mammalian species
David B. Edelman, Bernard J. Baars, and Anil K. Seth

Read More: http://tinyurl.com/e33tv
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9. Journal - Cognition and Emotion
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This issue contains:

* Positive emotions broaden the scope of attention and thought-action
repertoires
Barbara L. Fredrickson, Christine Branigan

* The English lexicon of interpersonal affect: Love, etc
Christine Storm, Tom Storm

* Well-being and the anticipation of future positive experiences: The
role of income, social networks, and planning ability
Andrew K. MacLeod, Clare Conway

* Antecedents of emotion knowledge: Predictors of individual differences
in young children
David S. Bennett, Margaret Bendersky, Michael Lewis

* General and specific abilities to recognise negative emotions,
especially disgust, as portrayed in the face and the body
Paul Rozin, Cory Taylor, Lauren Ross, Gwendolyn Bennett, Ahalya Hejmadi

* Forgiveness as a mediator of the relationship between PTSD and
hostility in survivors of childhood abuse
C. R. Snyder, Laura S. Heinze

* Time course of attentional bias to emotional scenes in anxiety: Gaze =
direction and duration
Manuel G. Calvo, Pedro Avero

* Health anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and attentional biases for
pictorial and linguistic health-threat cues
Andrea Lees, Karin Mogg, Brendan P. Bradley

* Correlation between trait hostility and faster reading times for
sentences describing angry reactions to ambiguous situations
Janet Wingrove, Alyson J. Bond

Read More: http://psychologypress.metapress.com/link.asp?id=3DH8K7603N325H
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10. Journal - Cognitive Brain Research
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Cognitive Brain Research
Volume 23, Issue 1, Pages 1-151 (April 2005)

Multiple Perspectives on Decision Making
Edited by Professor Silvia

* Foreword to special issue: multiple perspectives on decision making
Silvia A. Bunge

* Neurobiology of decision-making: quo vadis?
Martin P. Paulus

* Making sense of candidates: Partisanship, ideology, and issues
as guides to judgement
Robert Huckfeldt, Jeffery J. Mondak, Michael Craw

* Emotions and cooperation in economic games
Michael P. Haselhuhn and Barbara A. Mellers

* Prospect theory on the brain? Toward a cognitive neuroscience of
decision under risk
Christopher Trepel, Craig R. Fox and Russell A. Poldrack

* Outcome representations, counterfactual comparisons and the human
orbitofrontal cortex: implications for neuroimaging studies of
decision-making
Stefan Ursu and Cameron S. Carter

* Functional connectivity with anterior cingulate and orbitofrontal
cortices during decision-making
M.X Cohen, A.S. Heller and C. Ranganath

* Sustained neural activity associated with cognitive control during
temporally extended decision making
Tal Yarkoni, Jeremy R. Gray, Elizabeth R. Chrastil

* The dark side of emotion in decision-making: When individuals with
decreased emotional reactions make more advantageous decisions
Baba Shiv, George Loewenstein and Antoine Bechara

* Cardiac concomitants of performance monitoring: Context dependence and
individual differences
Eveline A. Crone, Silvia A. Bunge, Phebe de Klerk

* Neuroimaging of marijuana smokers during inhibitory processing:
a pilot investigation
Staci A. Gruber and Deborah A. Yurgelun-Todd

* Risky decision making and the anterior cingulate cortex in abstinent
drug abusers and non-users
Diana H. Fishbein, Diana L. Eldreth, Christopher Hyde

* Decision making in pathological gambling: A comparison between
pathological gamblers, alcohol dependants, persons with Tourette
syndrome, and normal controls
Anna E. Goudriaan, Jaap Oosterlaan, Edwin de Beurs and Wim van den Brink

Read More:
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/issue/4844-2005-999769998-588932
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11. Journal - New ideas in Psychology
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Volume : 22
Issue : 3 [SPECIAL ISSUE]
Date : Dec-2004

* A commentary on D.H. Feldman's essay on Piaget's stages
W.M. Bart

* Commentary on: Piaget's stages: the unfinished symphony of cognitive
development
J. Boom

* Commentary on: ''Piaget's stages: the unfinished symphony of
cognitive development''
D.H. Feldman

* Do stages belong at the center of developmental theory? A commentary
on Piaget's stages
T.L. Dawson-Tunik, K.W. Fischer, Z. Stein

* Piaget's stages: a response to the commentaries
D.H. Feldman

Read More: http://tinyurl.com/9jy6d [ScienceDirect]
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12. Journal - Dreaming
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* Refocusing the Neurocognitive Approach to Dreams: A Critique of the
Hobson Versus Solms Debate.
Domhoff, G. William

* In Bed With Mark Solms? What a Nightmare! A Reply to Domhoff
Hobson, J. Allan

* A Reply to Hobson
Domhoff, G. William

* Dream Imagery and Emotion.
Davidson, John; Lee-Archer, Sarah; Sanders, Gretchen

* Theory of Mind in Dreaming: Awareness of Feelings and Thoughts of
Others in Dreams.
Kahn, David; Hobson, Allan

* Cognitive Therapy and Dreams.
Brink, Nicholas E.

* The Mind at Night: The New Science of How and Why We Dream.
Schredl, Michael


Read More:
http://www.psycinfo.com/psycarticles/index.cfm?fuseaction=toc&jrn=drm&vol=15&iss=1
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Science and Consciousness Review <http://www.sci-con.org>

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