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A Microscopic Account of Black Hole Entropy
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olli...@gmail.com
May 18, 2020, 1:13:14 PM5/18/20
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A Microscopic Account of Black Hole Entropy
https://physics.aps.org/articles/v13/80
Quote--
In the 1970’s, theorists determined that black holes have entropy [1], a remarkable finding that points at analogies between these spacetime singularities and systems of particles, such as classical gases. The crucial proof was provided by Stephen Hawking, who demonstrated, using a quantum-mechanical framework, that black holes radiate as if they were black bodies with a specific temperature [2]. The analogy was completed by extending all four laws of thermodynamics to black holes [3]. In thermodynamics, entropy is an important bridge between the macroscopic and the microscopic world: In a gas, for instance, entropy relates macroscopic heat transfer to the number of available microscopic states of the gas molecules. Providing a similar microscopic explanation of black hole entropy is an important test for theories that aim to unify gravity and quantum mechanics. Now, three independent studies have shown that string theory can offer a microscopic accounting of entropy for certain theoretical black holes [4–6]. The result sets up these black holes as ideal toy models for running thought experiments that tackle subtle questions of quantum gravity.
Providing a statistical mechanics interpretation of black hole entropy has been a long-standing goal for candidate quantum-gravity theories. To make calculations tractable, researchers examine theoretical black holes that provide an idealized description of real astrophysical ones. In 1996, physicists Andrew Strominger and Cumrun Vafa showed that string theory can provide such an interpretation [7]. Through spectacularly sophisticated calculations, the duo showed that the entropy of certain supersymmetric black holes contemplated in string theory could be computed by counting the states of stringy degrees of freedom known as D-branes—multidimensional objects that, in string theory, replace point particles. Despite providing an important consistency check for string theory, this result hasn’t led to the resolution of important theoretical puzzles related to black hole physics.
--End Quote
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https://physics.aps.org/articles/v13/80
Quote--
In the 1970’s, theorists determined that black holes have entropy [1], a remarkable finding that points at analogies between these spacetime singularities and systems of particles, such as classical gases. The crucial proof was provided by Stephen Hawking, who demonstrated, using a quantum-mechanical framework, that black holes radiate as if they were black bodies with a specific temperature [2]. The analogy was completed by extending all four laws of thermodynamics to black holes [3]. In thermodynamics, entropy is an important bridge between the macroscopic and the microscopic world: In a gas, for instance, entropy relates macroscopic heat transfer to the number of available microscopic states of the gas molecules. Providing a similar microscopic explanation of black hole entropy is an important test for theories that aim to unify gravity and quantum mechanics. Now, three independent studies have shown that string theory can offer a microscopic accounting of entropy for certain theoretical black holes [4–6]. The result sets up these black holes as ideal toy models for running thought experiments that tackle subtle questions of quantum gravity.
Providing a statistical mechanics interpretation of black hole entropy has been a long-standing goal for candidate quantum-gravity theories. To make calculations tractable, researchers examine theoretical black holes that provide an idealized description of real astrophysical ones. In 1996, physicists Andrew Strominger and Cumrun Vafa showed that string theory can provide such an interpretation [7]. Through spectacularly sophisticated calculations, the duo showed that the entropy of certain supersymmetric black holes contemplated in string theory could be computed by counting the states of stringy degrees of freedom known as D-branes—multidimensional objects that, in string theory, replace point particles. Despite providing an important consistency check for string theory, this result hasn’t led to the resolution of important theoretical puzzles related to black hole physics.
--End Quote
Posting guidelines
sci.physics is an unmoderated newsgroup dedicated to the discussion of physics, news from the physics community, and physics-related social issues.
http://www.math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Administrivia/newsgroups.html
ji...@specsol.spam.sux.com
May 18, 2020, 1:46:28 PM5/18/20
to
The off topic spammer copy and pasted:
> To make calculations tractable, researchers examine theoretical black holes that provide an idealized description of real astrophysical ones.
Much like the "climate scientists" did to predicte that we are all
doomed 50 years ago.
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Jim Pennino
> To make calculations tractable, researchers examine theoretical black holes that provide an idealized description of real astrophysical ones.
doomed 50 years ago.
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Jim Pennino
olli...@gmail.com
May 18, 2020, 10:09:07 PM5/18/20
to
Nate Brewer
May 19, 2020, 5:06:23 AM5/19/20
to
olli.dp3 wrote:
> In the 1970’s, theorists determined that black holes have entropy [1], a
> remarkable finding that points at analogies between these spacetime
> singularities and systems of particles, such as classical gases. The
> crucial proof was provided by Stephen Hawking, who demonstrat
you inbreed cretin, few days to the calendar summer, and still cold
> In the 1970’s, theorists determined that black holes have entropy [1], a
> remarkable finding that points at analogies between these spacetime
> singularities and systems of particles, such as classical gases. The
> crucial proof was provided by Stephen Hawking, who demonstrat
outside like shit. What did you do with your "climate warming"? I
remember swimming in the water of the sea in March each and every year.
You stinking liar of an eugenicist.
ji...@specsol.spam.sux.com
May 19, 2020, 9:05:36 AM5/19/20
to
The spamming shit head copy and pasted again:
> Pretty good paper.
Yep, toilet paper is in short supply.
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Jim Pennino
> Pretty good paper.
Yep, toilet paper is in short supply.
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Jim Pennino
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