Now I do have to be careful here because there may already be
experimental proof of the
proton-proton cycle where 1H + 1H gives 2H with neutrino and positron
and then another
1H +2H gives 3He with gamma ray.
What I do not like about that cycle is that how can two protons want
to fuse, want to get
together and then how in the world do we have positrons waiting around
to help two protons
get together. So that is messy and seems like implausible.
Can there be a better cycle for protons to fuse?
So, recently I came up with this idea of total-ionization that the
Strong Nuclear force is a
chemical bond of protons with neutrons and able to be split apart by
intense heat. That would
mean that there is free protons and free neutrons in the plasma of
star cores.
So would it make more sense that the proton-proton cycle does not
involve positrons
but rather we start the cycle with that of neutron meeting proton
bonding (or fusing).
We simply skip the positron need.
Now what I am thinking this may lead to, is the idea of what fuels
quasars. Quasars as close and nearby
galaxies that have a large number of very hot stars, so hot that they
make total ionization of the elements
in their cores and turn them into hydrogen atoms or ions. Total
ionization that even strips all the other elements and their nuclei
into becoming simply a hot plasma soup of protons, electrons and
neutrons.
So we skip this proton-proton cycle feature of requiring a positron.
Now it may sound as if total ionization is a contradiction of
conservation of energy, because if a star fuses and the heat thence
strips the elements back down to hydrogen, would seem like
conservation of energy is
broken. Not so, because there still is a gamma ray emitted in both
reactions.
But a exciting reason I bring up this total-ionization is that it
offers an intermediate energy cycle between that of fusion and that of
a matter to antimatter annihilation and gives a mechanism for quasar
brightness.
Matter to antimatter annihilation is the ultimate energy source, but
quasars are not matter to antimatter annihilation and quasar energy
appears stronger than what fusion cycles there are.
However, if there is a cycle in which hydrogen fuses in one instant
and quickly becomes ionized back into
hydrogen would be a more powerful cycle than just fusion alone. So
that if in one second two hydrogens fused and yielded energy and a
second later they were ionized back into hydrogen and then fused again
would be an intermediate cycle that is far stronger than any fusion
cycle and almost would rival the matter to antimatter mechanism.
Trouble with the Old Physics cycles of fusion is that they constantly
require strange particles of positrons to
aid and assist the cycle, while if we just had proton bond to neutron
we skip that mess.
And in Old Physics, radioactivity was crucial and critical in the
fusion cycles. But in this new idea, if true, we need no radioactivity
in stars because their elements beyond hydrogen are under so much
intense heat
that they become ionized and stripped of their nucleus and turned back
into more hydrogen. So there are few heavy elements remaining in these
hot stars to provide radioactive products.
So the idea of total-ionization allows for an intermediate power
source for very hot stars such as those found in quasars.