Heme-related gene expression signatures of meat intakes in lung cancer
tissues
Molecular Carcinogenesis
Tram Kim Lam1,2,†, Melissa Rotunno2,†, Brid M. Ryan3, Angela C.
Pesatori4,5, Pier Alberto Bertazzi4,5, Margaret Spitz6, Neil E.
Caporaso2, Maria Teresa Landi2,
*Article first published online: 16 MAY 2013
Abstract
Lung cancer causes more deaths worldwide than any other cancer.
In addition to cigarette smoking, dietary factors may contribute to
lung carcinogenesis.
Epidemiologic studies, including the environment and genetics in lung
cancer etiology (EAGLE), have reported increased consumption of red/
processed meats to be associated with higher risk of lung cancer.
Heme–iron toxicity may link meat intake with cancer.
We investigated this hypothesis in meat-related lung carcinogenesis
using whole genome expression.
We measured genome-wide expression (HG-U133A) in 49 tumor and 42 non-
involved fresh frozen lung tissues of 64 adenocarcinoma EAGLE
patients.
We studied gene expression profiles by high-versus-low meat
consumption, with and without adjustment by sex, age, and smoking.
Threshold for significance was a false discovery rate (FDR) ≤0.15.
We studied whether the identified genes played a role in heme–iron
related processes by means of manually curated literature search and
gene ontology-based pathway analysis.
We found that gene expression of 232 annotated genes in tumor tissue
significantly distinguished lung adenocarcinoma cases who consumed
above/below the median intake of fresh red meats (FDR = 0.12).
Sixty-three (∼28%) of the 232 identified genes (12 expected by chance,
P-value < 0.001) were involved in heme binding, absorption, transport,
and Wnt signaling pathway (e.g., CYPs, TPO, HPX, HFE, SLCs, and
WNTs).
We also identified several genes involved in lipid metabolism (e.g.,
NCR1, TNF, and UCP3) and oxidative stress (e.g., TPO, SGK2, and MTHFR)
that may be indirectly related to heme-toxicity.
The study's results provide preliminary evidence that heme–iron
toxicity might be one underlying mechanism linking fresh red meat
intake and lung cancer.
Keywords:gene expression;heme–iron;lung cancer
DOI: 10.1002/mc.22006
Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
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