Iron Accumulation Is Pathogenic

[ironjustice]

Potential clinical applications of chelating drugs in diseases
targeting transferrin-bound iron and other metals
May 2013, Vol. 22, No. 5 , Pages 591-618
Christina N Kontoghiorghe , Annita Kolnagou & George J Kontoghiorghes
†
Postgraduate Research Institute of Science, Technology, Environment
and Medicine, 3, Ammochostou Street, Limassol, CY 3021, Cyprus
kontoghio...@pri.ac.cy

Introduction: Iron is essential for normal, neoplasmic and microbial
cells. Transferrin (Tf) is responsible for iron transport and its
interactions with chelators are of physiological and toxicological
importance and could lead to new therapeutic applications.

Areas covered: Differential interactions of Tf with chelators such as
deferiprone (L1) could be used to modify toxicity and disease pathways
in relation to iron and other metal metabolism. Iron mobilization by
L1 could achieve normal body iron stores in thalassemia patients. Iron
mobilization from the reticuloendothelial system by L1 and exchange
with Tf could be used to increase the production of hemoglobin in the
anemia of chronic disease. Iron accumulation is pathogenic in
neurodegenerative, acute kidney and other diseases and could be
removed by L1 with therapeutic implications. Deprivation of iron from
neoplasmic and microbial cells by chelators could increase the
prospect of improved treatments in cancer and infectious diseases.
Other applications include metal detoxification and inhibition of
oxidative stress-related conditions.

Expert opinion: Specific mechanisms apply in the interactions of
chelators with Tf, which could be used in the design of targeted
therapeutic strategies in many conditions. In each case specific
chelator protocols have to be designed for achieving optimum
therapeutic activity

(doi:10.1517/13543784.2013.787408)

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