Trovan Conspiracy Kathleen and Lisa
a_we...@hotmail.com
validate Trovan and has gone on about how it is unavailable now as
part of some conspiracy she hasn't explained.
Predictably Lisa has also ranted about Trovan in some incoherent
fashion.
But here's the truth about Provan. It was a terrible toxic drug.
One of Kathleen's heros is even suing kathleen's former employer over
trovan. Steve sheller, who actually did have something to do with the
Lyme vaccine being withdrawn from the market unlike kathleen, is one
of the lawyers suing Pfizer over trovan. Of course the lawyers say the
company manipulated data and conspired to hide adverse events.
When Glaxo supposedly does it kathleen and lisa accuse them of RICO.
But when Pfizer supposedly did it, kathleen believes that trovan is
actually a great drug that would be great for Lyme patients and the
adverse events and toxicity are bogus, just some sort of excuse for
the government to stockpile trovan in case of biowarfare I think is
what kathleen and lisa are saying this time.
Facts are simply things to be manipulated to fit these conspiracy
theories for kathleen and lisa. One moment certain people are named
RICO defendants. The next moment they cite the work of those supposed
"fraudsters" as "evidence" for their alleged RICO case. One moment
Steve Sheller is a hero, I suppose, and the next he must be making up
his client's stories of liver failure and death. By the way Sheller
told kathleen there is no RICO case or class action like she imagines.
And Trovan wasn't even good for syphillis so why kathleen even thinks
it would be good for Lyme is hard to understand. Kathleen's llmds
recently said that quinolones are terrible and in vitro quinolones are
ineffective against lyme.
I can't wait to hear them explain this one to us. I guess it is
already on kathleen's website under the trovan conspiracy.
Trovan. I'd rather get a few doses of the Lyme vaccine. Or inhale a
few anthrax spores.
Trovan Information
http://www.fda.gov/cder/news/trovan/default.htm
Trovan Information
On June 9, 1999, FDA issued a public health advisory to physicians
concerning the risks of liver toxicity associated with the use of
Trovan (trovafloxacin, an oral antibiotic) and Trovan-IV
(alatrofloxacin, the intranvenous formulation of the drug). Trovan is
an antibiotic used to treat many different types of infections.
Trovafloxacin was approved for marketing in December, 1997, and became
available on the market in February, 1998. Based on new safety data
related to serious liver injury, FDA is advising physicians that
trovafloxacin should be reserved for use only in patients who meet the
specific criteria outlined in the following public health advisory.
Do Not Buy Trovan Over the Internet
You should not buy Trovan over the Internet because you will bypass
important safeguards designed to protect your health (and the health
of others).
Trovan has special safety restrictions on how it is distributed to the
public. Also, drugs purchased from foreign Internet sources are not
the FDA-approved versions of the drugs, and they are not subject to
FDA-regulated manufacturing controls or FDA inspection of
manufacturing facilities.
To learn more about buying drugs safely, please see
Buying Prescription Medicines Online: A Consumer Safety Guide.
FDA strengthens controls, issues consumer alert on importing certain
prescription drugs
FDA Import Alert
FDA Talk Paper (6/9/1999)
Public Health Advisory (6/9/1999)
Trovan Questions and Answers (6/9/1999)
FDA/Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
Last Updated: December 16, 2002
Originator: CDER/ORM
HTML by PKS, SJW
Sheller Ludwig & Badey: Defective Drugs: Trovan
http://www.sheller.com/Practice.asp?PracticeID=48
Defective Drugs: Trovan
Trovan is manufactured by Pfizer Corporation. Trovan is an antibiotic
in the class of drugs known as fluoroquinolones which are synthetic
antimicrobial agents that were modeled after nalidixic acid, a
non-flourinated quinolone antibiotic. Nalidixic acid was approved by
the FDA in 1963 for the treatment of urinary tract infections. It is
rapidly absorbed after oral administration and is excreted into the
urine in bactericidal concentrations. Nalidixic acid had several
limitations in that it has a narrow spectrum of activity and
microorganisms easily developed a resistance to it.
During the 1980's, modifications to this drug were made. New
fluoroquinolone antimicrobials were developed and put on the fast
track for FDA approval without the benefit of adequate premarket
testing to accurately determine the probability of certain side
effects within the general population. After gaining FDA approval, the
new fluoroquinolones were aggressively marketed by the manufacturers.
In doing so, the manufacturers failed to provide adequate warnings to
the prescribing physicians of the dangers, risks and adverse side
effects associated with fluoroquinolones.
Severe adverse reactions associated with Trovan are:
Fatalities / death
Cirrhosis
Liver disease and elevated liver enzymes
Drug Category/Class
Fluoroquinolone, Antibiotic
Generic Name
Trovafloxacin
Company
Pfizer Corporation
Adverse Effects
Liver enzyme elevations and liver damage or failure and sometimes
death
Common Misspellings
Trovann
Get More Information
Do you think you need legal representation regarding this issue? If
so, please complete our questionnaire. All initial consultations are
free. We will be happy to help you make that determination. Click here
for a confidential questionnaire or call our toll-free number (800)
883-2299.
Kathleen
You sure spend a lot of time on me.
That would be because it is a race
between which one of us gets locked
up first.
Gauvin purjured herself in court again.
It doesn't matter. Lyme is RICO, McAsshole
and it is YOU, who were an employee of
a Federal Agency.
Do, and say, whatever you want. I am not
wrong about anything. Pfizer knows I am
not wrong about anything. Pfizer knows
*ALL ABOUT* what I am about. And I won't
comment any further on that, other than
I clearly scared the shit out of them, too.
I was THERE, Mc. You were not.
Kathleen
a_we...@hotmail.com (a_we...@hotmail.com) wrote in message news:<24386ddb.03121...@posting.google.com>...
a_we...@hotmail.com
> You *are* pretty scared, aren't you, Ed?
LOL No, I'm not scared. LOL NO, I'm not McSweegan you obsessed insano.
> You sure spend a lot of time on me.
No, I really don't.
> That would be because it is a race
> between which one of us gets locked
> up first.
LOL No, it isn't. You're the overwhelming betting favorite.
> Gauvin purjured herself in court again.
That's nice. Prove it.
> It doesn't matter. Lyme is RICO, McAsshole
LOL No, it isn't.
> and it is YOU, who were an employee of
> a Federal Agency.
No, I'm not McSweegan. Even if I was, it wouldn't matter. Lyme is not
RICO.
> Do, and say, whatever you want.
Thanks.
>I am not
> wrong about anything.
You are wrong about everything.
> Pfizer knows I am
> not wrong about anything.
LOL They know that you are wrong about everything.
>Pfizer knows
> *ALL ABOUT* what I am about.
You are all about being an obsessed maniac.
> And I won't
> comment any further on that, other than
> I clearly scared the shit out of them, too.
LOL You are scary but not for the reasons you think.
> I was THERE, Mc. You were not.
>
> Kathleen
Kathleen you haven't explained your newest conspiracy theory about
Trovan. You haven't answered any of the questions I raised.
You think Trovan is being stockpiled for biowarfare. Your latest and
not greatest conspiracy theory, which of course is linked to you since
YOU play a starring role in ALL conspiracy theories. The whole planet
is obsessed with YOU according to you. Every action has a reaction.
Related to you. Every effect has a cause. Somehow related to you.
Do you think that all the stories of toxic and adverse reactions
including fatal ones from Trovan were made up as part of the cover
story?
DO you think that Sheller is part of this conspiracy theory?
Sheller told you that there is no RICO case or class action about
Lyme.
Trovan was not a good drug to treat Lyme. It wasn't good to treat
syphilis. Quinolones aren't effective against Lyme. Quinolones are bad
drugs that cause a lot of problems.
All this Trovan stuff is more of your off base nonsense.
Kathleen
Why do you think John Connolly took his info
off the website about his involvement in it?
Why do you think the State of CT tried to
have me committed?
a_we...@hotmail.com (a_we...@hotmail.com) wrote in message news:<24386ddb.03122...@posting.google.com>...
Patricia O'Tuama
Kathleen <kathleen...@snet.net> wrote:
>Lyme is RICO.
According to whom? I know you think it is but unless you have
managed to convice the proper authorities to investigate and
file charges, then go to trial and finally, win the case -- then
Lyme is most definitely not RICO.
>Why do you think the State of CT tried to
>have me committed?
Because you are completely bananas despite having moments of
startling clarity and insight?
Kathleen
Thanks.
It's just one of those things about Autism that
people don't understand.
Smart but Stupid.
It's not my problem, if Neurotypicals
lie relentlessly, and Autistic people
can't even be TRAINED to lie.
(FACT, and published on MedLine.)
VERY SUPERIOR PERFORMANCE IQ is not
bananas, by the way. So, do you mind
giving me an example of "bananas"?
You can't prove one single thing I
say is wrong, with the science. And
you're a complete horse's ass if you
think everyone on these newsgroups hasn't
noticed that you can come up with no
science that refutes the science I present.
The best you can do, is call me nuts,
and assume everyone else is a stupid as you
are. They are not.
Greenbriar Bunker is a real thing.
I did not discover it. People here
are smart enough to do a Google Search
and discover if Greenbriar is what I
say it is. And I learned about it on
the History Channel.
Does Greenbriar Bunker predict another
Greenbriar Bunker?
YOU DECIDE.
Kathleen
Patricia O'Tuama
Kathleen <kathleen...@snet.net> wrote:
>It's just one of those things about Autism that
>people don't understand.
You are not exhibiting autistic behavior, you are exhibiting psych-
otic behavior. It's irrational to think that DCF took your children
away because you said the governor should be impeached. What you
write here is often incoherent, rambling and bizarre stuff about your
life that doesn't make any sense.
>You can't prove one single thing I
>say is wrong, with the science.
You're changing the subject. I could care less about the science.
I'm interested in why you think that filing a RICO complaint with
whomever automatically makes "Lyme is RICO" a reality. Filing a
complaint means nothing without prosecutors to investigate the crime,
file charges, go to court and then win the case. Based on what you
have written here, none of these things have happen, right?
Frank Andreas de Groot
news:bsa2po$6k5$1...@panix3.panix.com...
>
> You are not exhibiting autistic behavior, you are exhibiting psych-
> otic behavior. It's irrational to think that DCF took your children
> away because you said the governor should be impeached.
She can prove it. It's black-on-white. That was one of the official,
written-down arguments used against her.
Patricia O'Tuama
How do you know that? Have you read the court transcript? It's a
public document -- can you send me a copy of it? From what I've
seen on CNN virtually everybody in the entire state thinks the gov-
ernor should be impeached.
Frank Andreas de Groot
>
> How do you know that? Have you read the court transcript?
Yes.
> It's a public document -- can you send me a copy of it?
You've got SOME nerve, LOL.
Get it yourself!
> From what I've seen on CNN virtually everybody in the entire state thinks
the gov-
> ernor should be impeached.
It does not work in your favor that you rely on the entertainment industry for
your "news".
Kathleen
That IS what the order said.
Kathleen
Kathleen
Yes, That's correct. The DCF took my children
away, because I said the Governor should be impeached.
But *I* said he should be impeached
and that means I am psychotic and
dangerous, according to the DCF. You don't
know thw details so refrain from commenting.
I reported the Governor's ass associated
with this Lyme deal, and the guy who ran
against the guv, Bill Curry made the exact
same allegations against the guv I made,
a year later.
Read the Hartford Courant. Sunday's Cover story
about Bill Curry.
The only thing is now, I am complaining myself
about the DCF's lying lawyers and other staff
and am reporting them to the team investigating
the corruption on the State.
It's ALL related to the DCF, and the fact
that if enough kids are stolen from their
parents, Rowland can get the Federal Gov
to give million dollar contracts to his
friends, but also, I named Rowland in this
RICO complaint.
And Marc S. Ryan, Office of Policy and
management.
Ask anyone here, if such a report exists.
It exists all over the frickin state.
http://www.actionlyme.com/ROWLAND_KAISER.htm
And that is only a tiny fraction of what I sent
the USDOJ, as regards the CT DPH, and related
crooks.
Like everyone else, you're a moron with an
opinion. I specifically named several members
of the Department of Children and Families
and I intend to get their lying lawyers disbarred
at the very least. Bopefully jail.
The complaints have been filed, with the Statewide
bar counsel, and the COmmission on Human Rights,
and Richard Blumenthal has entered an appearance
on their behalf.
Which is ridiculous, and I am sure he is
furious. I will win, and the State will lose.
The case has already been proven.
Oh, and I am autistic. My Psychiatrist diagnosed
it, my nephew is Autistic, and we have Neurofibromatosis
in the family, and my IQ tests show it.
Psychotic is when you say stuff that isn't true.
Lyme is a FRAUD.
Check my website for the links to my FDA testimony
in the ActionLyme History Page. It is the same FRAUD.
Flame away to your nitwit heart's content, you
are not a scientist, so you cannot disprove a single
element of the RICO case, and neither can anyone
else, nor have they attempted.
Kathleen
Kathleen
=======
AHEM, Psychotropics Industry Troll:
I am also RIGHT about Psychotropics BRAIN DAMAGE
and the STATE OF CT KNOWS ALL ABOUT IT, FROM LAURA
LUSTIG, of THE NEW LEARNING CENTER, WESTPORT.
OF COURSE the Pharmaceutical Industry and the Insurance
Industry would like to see me either DEAD or Committed,
as well as the American Psychiatric Association, since I
am RIGHT about EVERYTHING: Lyme, Rowland, Kaiser, OXFORD,
BLUE CROSS, ED MCSWEEGAN, the CT DCF, the CT DMHAS, Psychotropics,
etc, BECAUSE I AM AN AUTISTIC PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMIST, and I
CAN'T BE BOUGHT. I DO NOT CAVE TO THE BULL SHIT.
You're Welcome:
http://www.actionlyme.com/actionlyme_children_with_lyme_di.htm
What are some of the cellular changes associated with either
psychotropics or "street- drugs?" Name the researcher at Yale, who
studies these, while Thomas McGlashan reports that Psychotropics
result in no greater immediate cognitive impairment than psychotropics
use in adults, and therefore they are okay?
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12447030&dopt=Abstract
[PubMed ID 12447030]
TIME magazine had a recent article on Psychotropic Drug use in
children.
What is your position on drugging children, when the long term
outcomes are not known?
http://www.actionlyme.com/Psychotropics_YoungChildren.htm
Psychotropic Drug Use in Very Young Children Joseph T. Coyle, MD, The
Journal of American Medical Association
February 23, 2000 - Vol. 283 No. 8
Why is there so little valuable scientific data as regards Autism?
(Hint, it is the same reason there is so little valuable, and
non-conflicting, scientific data as regards Schizophrenia.)
If Neurofibromatosis results in an apparent Thought Disorder, what
would be your recommendations to the NIH as far as rule outs for a
Treatment Plan (504, since genetically related neurocognitive
compromise cannot be "fixed").
What might be a valuable Family Therapy Program.
What would be your recommendations to the schools when they have
identified a student with either significant anxiety and a low
performance IQ, and/or an apparent thought disorder? If there is a
genetic element, which can be alleviated by diet, would you recommend
extra classes with the Guidance counselor? Or a training program for
Educators and Parents, as regards the known dietetic enhancements?
What are the physiological/cellular/membrane changing properties of
Lithium salts?
What are the known brain growth factors, nerve growth factors, and how
well are these deployed in nutritional enhancement recommendations in
human children?
What is the effect of regular daily exercise on the density of
dopaminergic cells in children?
What is the long term affect on dopamine transporters in chronic
Ritalin users?
How does this correlate with the concept of Chemical Equlibrium, and
the increase in dopaminergic neurons and dopamine blockers?
What is meant by "rebound psychosis", in a technical sense?
If Ritalin downregulates dopamine transporters, and exercise, in the
absence of Ritalin, increases them, what are your recommendations as
regards non-borreliosis-related attention deficit, to the Department
of Education in CT? Does it make more sense to have fewer
psychologists and guidance counselors and more physical education time
and instructors?
http://www.lymeinfo.net/neuropsych.html
http://www.angelfire.com/biz/romarkaraoke/Lymetim1.html
http://www.lymediseaseassociation.org/childlyme.htm
BIBILIOGRAPHY
1989 Infectious Disease Reviews, Supplement, Various Titles
Anticardiolipin Antibodes in Lyme borreliosis-- Steere
Peripheral Nervous System Borreliosis, Halperin, 1997, March Seminars
in Neurology
Antiganglioside antibodies in Borreliosis-- Benach
Cold Spring Harbor Press: Lyme Disease, Molecular and Immunologic
Approaches. Dattwyler and Luft Chapter describing that the
serodiagnosis of borreliosis should be based on expanding IgM
antibodies, which was what Dattwyler said to the FDA, June 1994.
Genetic animal models: focus on schizophrenia, Gainetdinov, RR., et
al. TRENDS in Neuroscience, Vol 24., No. 9, September, 2001 (They
have no clue what the drugs targets are, because the drugs' mechanisms
are all wrong. And that's the state of the "art".-- KMD)
"Loss of striatal cholinergic neurons as a basis for tardive and
L-dopa-induced dyskinesias, neuroleptic-induced supersensitivity
psychosis and refractory schizophrenia."
Miller R, Chouinard G., Biol Psychiatry. 1993 Nov 15;34(10):713-38.
Psychatric research in the 21st Century; Opportunities and
Limitations, GR, Heninger, Millenium Article, Molecular Psychiatry
(1999) 4, 429-436 (Psychiatry is beginning to consider thinking like
scientists--KMD)
"The Pathophysiology of Agitation", Jearn-Pierre Lindenmayer, J Clin
Psychaitry 2002;61 (suppl 14_
"Akathisia and Exacerbation of Psychopathology; A Preliminary Report",
Dunca, et al. Clinical Neuropharmacology, Vol 23, No. 3, pp. 169-173
"Subjective Emotional Experioemce and Cognitive Impairment in
Drug-Induced Akathisia", Jong-Hoon Kim, et al, Comprehensive
Psychiatry, Vol.43, No. 6 (November/DEcember), 2002: pp 456-462
"Correlations Between Akathisia and Residual Psychopathology: A
By-product of Neuroleptic-Induced Dysphoria", Newcomer, et al. Br J
Psychiatry. 1994 Jun;164(6):834-8.
"Cardiovascular Effects of Antipsychotics Used in Bipolar Illness",
Piepho, Robert W., J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63 [suppl 4]:20-23
Movement Disorders Associated With Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs,
Caroff, SN, et al, J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63[suppl 4] 12-19
ABSTRACT: "Gamma-aminoburytic acid agonists for neuroleptic-induced
dyskensia", Soares, et al, Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001;
(2);CD000203
"Traumatic Exposure and PTSD in Borderline, Schizotypal, Avoidant, and
OC Personality Disorders' Findings from the Collaborative Longitudinal
Personality Disorders Study, The Journal of Nervous and Mental
Diseases, Vol 190, No. 8, 2002, Yale McGlashan et al. (These idiots
are beginning to understand that there are no "personality disorders",
there is just TRAUMA, Organic, and Genetic. No predictive value, only
the threat of misuse of the terminology to the detriment of the
victims of Psychiatry and their pseudopharmaceuticals.-- KMD)
Van Der Kolk Assessment and Treatment of Complex PTSD, Rachel Yehuda,
2001 "Traumatic Stress"
"The relationship of borderline personality disorder to posttraumatic
stress disorder and traumatic events."
Golier JA, Yehuda R, Bierer LM, Mitropoulou V, New AS, Schmeidler J,
Silverman JM, Siever LJ.
Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Medical Center (116-A), 130
West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY 10468, USA. julia....@med.va.gov
CONCLUSIONS: The associations of personality disorder with early
trauma and PTSD were evident, but modest, in borderline personality
disorder and were not unique to this type of personality disorder. The
results do not appear substantial or distinct enough to support
singling out borderline personality disorder from the other
personality disorders as a trauma-spectrum disorder or variant of
PTSD.
CONCLUSION: There are no axes beyond Genetic, Traumatic, and Organic,
and therefore no DSM diagnosis has any predictive potential, to the
extent that those axes have been studied as such, framed, and
monitored. There is little likelihood there ever will be, since the
datapoints in between appear to be infinite.
But allow me to quote a Yale Clinical Professor, who knows nothing
about any of those three axes: "...we must recognize that the
practical, individual-directed nature of psychiatric practice renders
psychiatry an inexact science. It is as inexact as people are
different. As practical knowledge, this inexactness is not a defect
that can be overcome with more progress in the field."--- James
Phillips, "Hermeneutics, Key Concepts, Philosophy, Psychiatry, &
Psychology 3.1 (1996) 61-69
It's really much simpler than that off the wall text, and this is the
only statement that has any value, since Psychiatry is valueless.
=====
Now HOW ABOUT THAT RITALIN?
Dyslexia. 2003 Feb;9(1):48-71; discussion 46-7.
Related Articles, Links
Evaluation of an exercise-based treatment for children with reading
difficulties.
Reynolds D, Nicolson RI, Hambly H.
School of Education, University of Exeter, Heavitree Road, Exeter EX1
2LU, UK.
An evaluation is reported of an exercise-based approach to remediation
of dyslexia-related disorders. Pupils in three years of a Warwickshire
junior school were screened for risk of literacy difficulty using the
Dyslexia Screening Test (DST). The 35 children scoring 0.4 or over on
the DST were divided randomly into two groups matched for age and DST
score. One quarter of the participants had an existing diagnosis of
dyslexia, dyspraxia or ADHD. Both groups received the same treatment
at school but the intervention group used the DDAT exercise programme
daily at home. Performance on the DST and specialist
cerebellar/vestibular and eye movement tests were assessed initially
and after six months. Cerebellar/vestibular signs were substantially
alleviated following the exercise treatment whereas there were no
significant changes for the control group. Even after allowing for the
passage of time, there were significant improvements for the
intervention group in postural stability, dexterity, phonological
skill, and (one-tailed) for naming fluency and semantic fluency.
Reading fluency showed a highly significant improvement for the
intervention group, and nonsense passage reading was also improved
significantly. Significantly greater improvements for the intervention
group than the control group occurred for dexterity, reading, verbal
fluency and semantic fluency. Substantial and significant improvements
(compared with those in the previous year) also occurred for the
exercise group on national standardized tests of reading, writing and
comprehension. It is concluded that, in addition to its direct effects
on balance, dexterity and eye movement control, the benefits of the
DDAT exercise treatment transferred significantly to cognitive skills
underlying literacy, to the reading process, and to standardized
national literacy attainment tests.
PMID: 12625376 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Neuropsychology. 2003 Jul;17(3):496-506.
Related Articles, Links
Magnetic resonance imaging correlates of
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children.
Hill DE, Yeo RA, Campbell RA, Hart B, Vigil J, Brooks W.
Center for Neuropsychological Services, Department of Psychiatry,
Albuquerque 87131, USA. dh...@salud.unm.edu
This study compared magnetic resonance imaging size differences in
several brain regions and neurocognitive function in a group of male
and female children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD) with no comorbid learning disorders with a normal control group
of children. The ADHD group demonstrated smaller total brain, superior
prefrontal, and right superior prefrontal volumes, as well as
significantly smaller areas for cerebellar lobules I-V and VIII-X,
total corpus callosum area, and splenium. No group differences were
observed for the inferior prefrontal, caudate, or cerebellar volumes,
or for the area of cerebellar lobules VI-VII. In the ADHD group but
not in the control group, greater right superior prefrontal volume
predicted poorer performance on a test of sustained attention.
Patterns of brain abnormality did not differ in male and female
children with ADHD.
PMID: 12959515 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Child Neurol. 1998 Sep;13(9):434-9.
Related Articles, Links
Evaluation of cerebellar size in attention-deficit hyperactivity
disorder.
Mostofsky SH, Reiss AL, Lockhart P, Denckla MB.
Kennedy Krieger Institute, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins
University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Evidence from animal and human research suggests that the cerebellum
may play a role in cognition. This includes domains of executive
function that are normally attributed to the prefrontal cortex and are
typically deficient in individuals with attention-deficit
hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To investigate cerebellar structure in
ADHD, magnetic resonance imaging morphometry was used to measure the
area of the cerebellar vermis in 12 males with ADHD and 23 male
controls matched for age and Wechsler Full-Scale IQ. Analyses were
conducted to evaluate group differences, as well as differences
between matched pairs of subjects with ADHD and those without ADHD.
All measurements were corrected for overall brain size. Both analyses
revealed that the size of the posterior vermis was significantly
decreased in males with ADHD (P < .05 in both analyses), and that
within the posterior vermis, the inferior posterior lobe (lobules
VIII-X) was involved in this reduction (P < .05 for group analysis, P
< .005 for matched pair analysis), while the superior posterior lobe
(lobules VI/VII) was not involved in the reduction. The finding of
abnormal inferior posterior vermal size suggests that dysfunction
within this region of the cerebellum may underlie clinical deficits
seen in individuals with ADHD.
PMID: 9733289 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Neurology. 1998 Apr;50(4):1087-93.
Related Articles, Links
Cerebellum in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a morphometric
MRI study.
Berquin PC, Giedd JN, Jacobsen LK, Hamburger SD, Krain AL, Rapoport
JL, Castellanos FX.
Service de Pediatrie 1, CHU Hopital Nord, Amiens, France.
Clinical, neuroanatomic, neurobehavioral, and functional brain-imaging
studies suggest a role for the cerebellum in cognitive functions,
including attention. However, the cerebellum has not been
systematically studied in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD). We quantified the cerebellar and vermal volumes, and the
midsagittal areas of three vermal regions, from MRIs of 46
right-handed boys with ADHD and 47 matched healthy controls. Vermal
volume was significantly less in the boys with ADHD. This reduction
involved mainly the posterior inferior lobe (lobules VIII to X) but
not the posterior superior lobe (lobules VI to VII). These results
remained significant even after adjustment for brain volume and IQ. A
cerebello-thalamo-prefrontal circuit dysfunction may subserve the
motor control, inhibition, and executive function deficits encountered
in ADHD.
PMID: 9566399 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
J Atten Disord. 2002;6 Suppl 1:S31-43.
Related Articles, Links
Mechanism of action of methylphenidate: insights from PET imaging
studies.
Volkow ND, Fowler JS, Wang G, Ding Y, Gatley SJ.
Medical Department,Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
11973, USA. vol...@bnl.gov
Methylphenidate (MPH) is the most commonly prescribed drug for the
treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). We have
used Positron Emission Tomography (PET) to investigate the mechanism
of action of MPH in the human brain. We have shown (a) that oral MPH
reaches peak concentration in the brain 60-90 minutes after its
administration, (b) that therapeutic doses of MPH block more than 50%
of the dopamine transporters (DAT), and (c) that of the two
enantiomers that compose MPH, it is d-threo-methylphenidate (d-MPH)
and not l-threo-methylphenidate (l-MPH) that binds to the DAT. We have
also shown that therapeutic doses of MPH significantly enhance
extracellular dopamine (DA) in the basal ganglia, which is an effect
that appears to be modulated by the rate of DA release and that is
affected by age (older subjects show less effect). Thus, we postulate
(a) that MPH's therapeutic effects are in part due to amplification of
DA signals, (b) that variability in responses is in part due to
differences in DA tone between subjects, and (c) that MPH's effects
are context dependent. Because DA enhances task specific neuronal
signaling and decreases noise, we also postulate that MPH-induced
increases in DA could improve attention and decrease distractibility;
and that since DA modulates motivation, the increases in DA would also
enhance the saliency of the task facilitating the 'interest it
elicits' and thus improving performance.
PMID: 12685517 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Neuropediatrics. 2003 Apr;34(2):77-80.
Related Articles, Links
Methylphenidate down-regulates the dopamine receptor and transporter
system in children with attention deficit hyperkinetic disorder
(ADHD).
Vles JS, Feron FJ, Hendriksen JG, Jolles J, van Kroonenburgh MJ, Weber
WE.
Department of Child Neurology, University Hospital Maastricht,
Maastricht, The Netherlands. jv...@sneu.azm.nl
Adults suffering from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
are known to have disturbed central dopaminergic transmission. With
Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) we studied brain
dopamine transporter and receptor activity in six boys with ADHD.
Three months after initiation of treatment with methylphenidate we
found a down-regulation of the post-synaptic dopamine receptor with a
maximum of 20 % and a down-regulation of the dopamine transporter with
a maximum of 74.7 % in the striatal system. This corresponded to a
positive clinical response evaluated by neuropsychological
questionnaires and tests. We suggest that dopamine transporter imaging
by SPECT might be used to monitor psychostimulant treatment in
children suffering from ADHD.
Publication Types:
· Clinical Trial
PMID: 12776228 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Exp Neurol. 2003 Nov;184(1):31-9.
Related Articles, Links
Can the brain be protected through exercise? Lessons from an animal
model of parkinsonism.
Smith AD, Zigmond MJ.
Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative
Disease, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
15217, USA.
Evidence suggests that following injury the brain has the capacity for
self-repair and that this can be promoted through a variety of
experiences including motor activity. In their article, Dobrossy and
Dunnett have provided further evidence that this is the case in an
animal model in which an excitotoxin is applied to the neostriatum.
Under standard conditions, such a toxin would cause considerable
damage to the GABAergic cells of this region and produce behavioral
deficits. This model has been used to explore certain aspects of
Huntington's disease, which also involves the loss of these neurons.
However, Dobrossy and Dunnett show that the damage can be reduced by
prior motor training. We have been exploring the neuroprotective
effects of motor exercise in a different model, one involving
6-hydroxydopamine, which normally destroys dopamine neurons. Our
results indicate that forced exercise can reduce the vulnerability of
dopamine neurons to 6-hydroxydopamine. The results further suggest
that this protection is due in part to an increase in the availability
of the trophic factor GDNF, which can in turn stimulate certain
signaling cascades, including one that activates ERK. Our results,
together with those of Dobrossy and Dunnett and others, raise the
possibility that exercise will protect against a variety of
neurodegenerative conditions.
Publication Types:
· Comment
PMID: 14637076 [PubMed - in process]
a_we...@hotmail.com
a_we...@hotmail.com (a_we...@hotmail.com) wrote in message news:<24386ddb.03122...@posting.google.com>...
a_we...@hotmail.com
a_we...@hotmail.com (a_we...@hotmail.com) wrote in message news:<24386ddb.03121...@posting.google.com>...
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Newsflash: http://www.theinformationminister.com/press.php?ID=612274804
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pm...@direcway.com
Lyme disease: a neuropsychiatric illness.
Fallon BA, Nields JA.
Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons,
Columbia University, New York.
OBJECTIVE: Lyme disease is a multisystemic illness that can affect
the central nervous system (CNS), causing neurologic and psychiatric
symptoms. The goal of this article is to familiarize psychiatrists with
this spirochetal illness. METHOD: Relevant books, articles, and
abstracts from academic conferences were perused, and additional
articles were located through computerized searches and reference
sections from published articles. RESULTS: Up to 40% of patients with
Lyme disease develop neurologic involvement of either the peripheral or
central nervous system. Dissemination to the CNS can occur within the
first few weeks after skin infection. Like syphilis, Lyme disease may
have a latency period of months to years before symptoms of late
infection emerge. Early signs include meningitis, encephalitis, cranial
neuritis, and radiculoneuropathies. Later, encephalomyelitis and
encephalopathy may occur. A broad range of psychiatric reactions have
been associated with Lyme disease including paranoia, dementia,
schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, panic attacks, major depression,
anorexia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Depressive states
among patients with late Lyme disease are fairly common, ranging across
studies from 26% to 66%. The microbiology of Borrelia burgdorferi sheds
light on why Lyme disease can be relapsing and remitting and why it can
be refractory to normal immune surveillance and standard antibiotic
regimens. CONCLUSIONS: Psychiatrists who work in endemic areas need to
include Lyme disease in the differential diagnosis of any atypical
psychiatric disorder. Further research is needed to identify better
laboratory tests and to determine the appropriate manner (intravenous
or oral) and length (weeks or months) of treatment among patients with
neuropsychiatric involvement.
Publication Types:
a_we...@yahoo.com
theory.
You're sooooo helpful.
By the way in case you didn't hear YOU'RE FIRED! Pack your bags and
leave Lymeland IMMEDIATELY!