http://www.bbc.com/news/health-61349651
Hepatitis in children mystery still being investigated as cases rise
By Philippa Roxby
Health reporter
Published22 hours ago
Share
Related Topics
Coronavirus pandemic
A child in hospital
IMAGE SOURCE,GETTY IMAGES
UK health officials say they are still no clearer on the cause of a rise
in liver inflammation, or hepatitis, in children.
A common adenovirus is thought to play a role, but other possibilities
are still being investigated.
In the UK, 163 cases have now been identified, and 11 children have
received liver transplants.
Cases have been detected in 20 countries worldwide, with nearly 300
children affected, and one death.
"It's important that parents know the likelihood of their child
developing hepatitis is extremely low," said Dr Meera Chand, from the UK
Health Security Agency (UKHSA).
She said parents should still be alert to the signs - particularly
jaundice, a yellow tinge in the whites of the eyes - and they should
contact a doctor if concerned.
Since last week, another 18 children in the UK with hepatitis have been
identified - 118 live in England, 22 in Scotland, 13 in Wales and 10 in
Northern Ireland.
The children's most common symptoms were jaundice and vomiting - and
most have been under five years old.
Hepatitis in children: What is causing it?
Hepatitis detected in nearly 300 children worldwide
Child hepatitis cases falsely linked to Covid jab
The UKHSA's latest report on cases says there is "some apparent
reduction in confirmed cases in the past two weeks overall in the UK".
What's puzzling scientists is that the most likely cause - adenovirus -
doesn't normally make children seriously unwell. Passed from person to
person via coughs and sneezes, it can cause colds, vomiting and diarrhoea.
However, it's very unusual for adenovirus to be a cause of severe
hepatitis in otherwise healthy children, but it has been circulating at
high levels since the start of the year after virtually disappearing
during the pandemic.
Genetic analysis of samples from some children has found a type of virus
called AAV-2 - but it doesn't typically cause illness either, the report
says.
Scientists are also keeping a close eye on another type of adenovirus,
called F41.
"Our investigations continue to suggest that there is an association
with adenovirus, and our studies are now testing this association
rigorously," Dr Chand said.
"We are also investigating other contributors."
These include whether a new variant of adenovirus has developed which is
making children more ill, or whether a previous infection, such as
Covid, could be a factor.
Another possibility is that the pandemic, by delaying young children's
exposure to a number of different viruses because of reduced social
mixing, may have made them more prone to becoming ill.
And health officials are also exploring whether there could be a link
with dogs. A number of families affected said they owned dogs or had
come into contact with them, but UKHSA also acknowledges that having a
pet dog is common in the UK.
The UKHSA says there is no evidence of any link to the Covid-19 vaccine,
because most children with hepatitis were too young to receive it.
--
This email has been checked for viruses by AVG.
https://www.avg.com