http://townhall.com/columnists/walterewilliams/2020/12/09/costs-must-be-weighed-against-benefits-n2581198
Walter E. Williams
Walter E. Williams
|
Posted: Dec 09, 2020 12:01 AM
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Costs Must Be Weighed Against Benefits
Source: AP Photo/Jeff Roberson
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Editor's Note: Walter Williams passed away last Wednesday. You can read
our tribute to him here.
One of the first lessons in an economics class is every action has a
cost. That is in stark contrast to lessons in the political arena where
politicians virtually ignore cost and talk about benefits and free
stuff. If we look only at the benefits of an action, policy, or program,
then we will do anything because there is a benefit to any action,
policy, or program.
Think about one simple example. The National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration estimates that 36,096 Americans lost their lives in motor
vehicle traffic crashes in 2019. Virtually all those lives could have
been saved if we had a 5 mph speed limit. The huge benefit of a 5 mph
speed limit is that those 36,000-plus Americans would have been with us
instead of lost in highway carnage. Fortunately, we look at the costs of
having a 5 mph speed limit and rightly conclude that saving those
36,000-plus lives are not worth the costs and inconvenience. Most of us
find it too callous, when talking about life, to explicitly weigh costs
against benefits. We simply say that a 5 mph speed limit would be
impractical.
What about the benefits and costs of dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic?
Much of the medical profession and politicians say that lockdowns,
social distancing, and mask-wearing are the solutions. CDC data on death
rates show if one is under 35, the chances of dying from COVID-19 is
much lower than that of being in a bicycle accident. Should we lock down
bicycles? Dr. Martin Kulldorff, professor of medicine at Harvard
University, biostatistician, and epidemiologist, Dr. Sunetra Gupta,
professor at Oxford University and an epidemiologist with expertise in
immunology, and Dr. Jay Bhattacharya, professor at Stanford University
Medical School, a physician and epidemiologist were the initiators of
the Great Barrington Declaration. More than 50,000 scientists and
doctors, as well as more than 682,000 ordinary people, have signed the
Great Barrington Declaration opposing a second COVID-19 lockdown because
they see it doing much more harm than good.
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Efforts to keep very young from getting COVID-19, given most will not
even realize they have it or will suffer only mild symptoms, may be
counterproductive in that it delays the point where a country has herd
immunity. According to the CDC, COVID-19 deaths in young people (from
babies to college students) are almost nonexistent. The first age group
to provide a substantial contribution to the death toll is 45-54 years,
who contribute nearly 5 percent of all coronavirus deaths. More than 80
percent of deaths occur in people aged 65 and over. That increases to
over 92 percent if the 55-64 age group is included.
Thus, only a tiny number of people under age 25 die of COVID-19. Yet,
schools have been closed, and tens of millions of schoolchildren have
been denied in-class instruction. Mandating that 5-year-olds wear masks
during their school day is beyond nonsense. Virtual learning can serve
as a substitute for in-class teaching but it has mixed results. Some
parents can provide their children with the necessary tools, perhaps
hire tutors, and take an active interest in what their children are
doing online. Other parents will not have the interest, ability, or the
time.
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Here is a lockdown question for you. Government authorities permit
groceries and pharmacies to remain open during lockdowns. They permitted
stores likes Walmart, Costco, and Sam's Club to remain open. However,
these stores sell items that are also sold in stores that were locked
down such as: Macy's, J.C. Penney, J. Crew Group, Neiman Marcus, and Bed
Bath & Beyond. The lack of equal treatment caused many employees to lose
their jobs and many formerly financially healthy retailers have filed
for bankruptcy.
As political satirist H. L. Mencken said, "The whole aim of practical
politics is to keep the populace alarmed (and hence clamorous to be led
to safety) by menacing it with an endless series of hobgoblins, all of
them imaginary." By the way, the best time to scare people, be wrong,
and persist in being wrong is when the costs of being wrong are borne by
others.