An edited version, to make everything more comprehensible.
Target molecule, usually a protein .
Configuration determined by x-ray diffraction, cyro-em and/or protein
folding software.
Large databases exist for the known molecules.
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Drug
Ligand, possibly a protein too.
Very large databases exist for the known molecules.
Using known drugs we're also able to use other information, like the toxicity
to humans.
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Docking, where we determine how well the drug binds to the target protein.
The energy released during docking is one measure of goodness of fit,
nowadays also determined through software .
The docking evaluation might be repeated numerous times, the structure of
the drug being tweaked every so often. Also different drugs are likely to be
evaluated.
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Vaccines utilizing mRNA also require information from this methodology,
especially the sequence of events involved in protein folding.