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Circuit for producing 10ns pulses of several amps

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Mr.CRC

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Jul 20, 2012, 1:52:32 PM7/20/12
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Hi:

I have been using MOSFET drivers to pulse LEDs at currents of up to 21A
(for 100s of ns to several microsecond pulses) and down to about 22ns
for 1A pulses into 1mm^2 power LEDs.

I can't get any faster with the drivers I've tried than about 20ns for
"parity" optical output power with the 1.0A CW max current typical of
blue 1mm^2 LEDs. (see note 1 below)


I wish to achieve 10-20ns pulses of 1-10 amps.


Three circuits that come to mind are:

1. Capacitive discharge by MOSFET switch such as the Directed Energy
PCO-7110 driver.

This circuit has the drawback of a slow trailing edge.

2. Discontinuous current mode flyback circuit. The stored current in
the inductor is switched into the LED when the MOSFET turns off.

This circuit also has a slower tail than a symmetric drive, but is
better than RC. I have gotten 30ns or so 3-4A pulses in a LTspice sim,
with 100-1000pF in parallel with diode loads.

3. Continuous current mode flyback circuit. The stored current in the
inductor is switched into the LED when the MOSFET turns off, then
shunted back through the FET when it turns back on.

This circuit produces a nice sharp pulse. I have gotten 15ns or so 3-4A
pulses in a LTspice sim, with 100-1000pF in parallel with diode loads.

At this point I have no idea if the simulated performance can be
realized with a physical circuit.

Also, much of the challenge is in the MOSFET gate drive. Hence, I keep
coming back to the fact that if the gate driver is fast enough, just
hook the LED to it and be done!

I did buy some Directed Energy (IXYS) laser diode driver assemblies to
test, but haven't gotten to spend much time with them. I still want to
be able to build my own, to meet custom mechanical requirements.

Just wondering if there are any completely different approaches to think
about?

I'm aware of transmission line pulse generation approaches, and would
consider them. But that should be a last resort. Those still require a
fast switch. So it seems all of this boils down to "how to switch
on/off several amps in 5ns or less?"


NOTES:

1. So far I've tried TC4422A and IXD630. The IXD630 is better on
paper, but with real LEDs, the TC4422A outperforms in the <100ns regime.

The way to get it to work isn't very practical for anything but lab
experimentation anyway, since to get very short pulses, I have to just
"tickle" the switching threshold of the driver by varying the amplitude
of the input pulse. The actual input pulse duration hardly even matters
below about 60ns, so I set it to 40ns and then the output pulse width
becomes a function of the input amplitude. This also varies with supply
voltage, and horribly with temperature.



--
_____________________
Mr.CRC
crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net
SuSE 10.3 Linux 2.6.22.17

Jim Thompson

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Jul 20, 2012, 1:59:32 PM7/20/12
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Fast-on only if you need a short delay... the transmission line
provides the "off"

I've used mercury-wetted switches to generate nanosecond pulse
_widths_.

>
>
>NOTES:
>
>1. So far I've tried TC4422A and IXD630. The IXD630 is better on
>paper, but with real LEDs, the TC4422A outperforms in the <100ns regime.
>
>The way to get it to work isn't very practical for anything but lab
>experimentation anyway, since to get very short pulses, I have to just
>"tickle" the switching threshold of the driver by varying the amplitude
>of the input pulse. The actual input pulse duration hardly even matters
>below about 60ns, so I set it to 40ns and then the output pulse width
>becomes a function of the input amplitude. This also varies with supply
>voltage, and horribly with temperature.

...Jim Thompson
--
| James E.Thompson, CTO | mens |
| Analog Innovations, Inc. | et |
| Analog/Mixed-Signal ASIC's and Discrete Systems | manus |
| Phoenix, Arizona 85048 Skype: Contacts Only | |
| Voice:(480)460-2350 Fax: Available upon request | Brass Rat |
| E-mail Icon at http://www.analog-innovations.com | 1962 |

I love to cook with wine. Sometimes I even put it in the food.

Nico Coesel

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Jul 20, 2012, 2:16:51 PM7/20/12
to
"Mr.CRC" <crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:

>Hi:
>
>I have been using MOSFET drivers to pulse LEDs at currents of up to 21A
>(for 100s of ns to several microsecond pulses) and down to about 22ns
>for 1A pulses into 1mm^2 power LEDs.

What kind of MOSFETs are you using? The lower the RDSon the slower due
to the enormous gate capacitance.

--
Failure does not prove something is impossible, failure simply
indicates you are not using the right tools...
nico@nctdevpuntnl (punt=.)
--------------------------------------------------------------

Mr.CRC

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Jul 20, 2012, 3:06:33 PM7/20/12
to
Nico Coesel wrote:
> "Mr.CRC" <crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:
>
>> Hi:
>>
>> I have been using MOSFET drivers to pulse LEDs at currents of up to 21A
>> (for 100s of ns to several microsecond pulses) and down to about 22ns
>> for 1A pulses into 1mm^2 power LEDs.
>
> What kind of MOSFETs are you using? The lower the RDSon the slower due
> to the enormous gate capacitance.


So far I haven't used any, except for a IRF530 in LTspice.

The physical circuits I've used are just the MOSFET gate drivers mentioned.

But yes, in principle I would expect that some trade off btw RDSon/Qg
and speed would apply.

The Directed Energy laser diode drivers are based on their RF MOSFETs
and RF MOSFET gate driver ICs.

I have one board that is tuned to make 15ns pulses up to 50A, the
PCO-7110. But it can only do a 0.01% duty cycle. This is worth playing
with to learn about the circuit, but ultimately I'll need 50kHz rep.
rate, so about 0.05% to 0.1% duty for 10-20ns pulses.

Mr.CRC

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Jul 20, 2012, 3:10:14 PM7/20/12
to
Jim Thompson wrote:
> On Fri, 20 Jul 2012 10:52:32 -0700, "Mr.CRC"
> <crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:
>> I'm aware of transmission line pulse generation approaches, and would
>> consider them. But that should be a last resort. Those still require a
>> fast switch. So it seems all of this boils down to "how to switch
>> on/off several amps in 5ns or less?"
>
> Fast-on only if you need a short delay... the transmission line
> provides the "off"


Don't you mean the rise time, rather than "short delay?"


> I've used mercury-wetted switches to generate nanosecond pulse
> _widths_.


It would be interesting indeed to rig that up to do 50kHz pulse
repetition frequency.


>>
>> NOTES:
>>
>> 1. So far I've tried TC4422A and IXD630. The IXD630 is better on
>> paper, but with real LEDs, the TC4422A outperforms in the <100ns regime.
>>
>> The way to get it to work isn't very practical for anything but lab
>> experimentation anyway, since to get very short pulses, I have to just
>> "tickle" the switching threshold of the driver by varying the amplitude
>> of the input pulse. The actual input pulse duration hardly even matters
>> below about 60ns, so I set it to 40ns and then the output pulse width
>> becomes a function of the input amplitude. This also varies with supply
>> voltage, and horribly with temperature.
>
> ...Jim Thompson


--

lang...@fonz.dk

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Jul 20, 2012, 3:45:20 PM7/20/12
to
On 20 Jul., 19:52, "Mr.CRC" <crobcBO...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net>
wrote:
> crobcBO...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net
> SuSE 10.3 Linux 2.6.22.17

remember it's been up before, did you ever try something like this?
http://www.ixysrf.com/pdf/driver_ics/deic420.pdf

-Lasse

Mr.CRC

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Jul 20, 2012, 4:12:20 PM7/20/12
to
lang...@fonz.dk wrote:
>
> remember it's been up before, did you ever try something like this?
> http://www.ixysrf.com/pdf/driver_ics/deic420.pdf
>
> -Lasse


I have all their datasheets. Some of those RF devices are difficult to
source, except in quantities of 50, for a total of about $1500.

They do make off-the-shelf boards for fast laser diode pulsing. I have
two of them, and will be testing them.

Probably the answer to my question is, to do what IXYS RF does. But I
still want to see if there are other ways...

Nico Coesel

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Jul 20, 2012, 4:24:31 PM7/20/12
to
"Mr.CRC" <crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:

>Nico Coesel wrote:
>> "Mr.CRC" <crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:
>>
>>> Hi:
>>>
>>> I have been using MOSFET drivers to pulse LEDs at currents of up to 21A
>>> (for 100s of ns to several microsecond pulses) and down to about 22ns
>>> for 1A pulses into 1mm^2 power LEDs.
>>
>> What kind of MOSFETs are you using? The lower the RDSon the slower due
>> to the enormous gate capacitance.
>
>
>So far I haven't used any, except for a IRF530 in LTspice.

That one is quite old.

>The physical circuits I've used are just the MOSFET gate drivers mentioned.
>
>But yes, in principle I would expect that some trade off btw RDSon/Qg
>and speed would apply.

It does apply. Last year I've designed a forward converter. A MOSFET
with a 10 times lower RDSon was less efficient. IMHO the most
efficient (and therefore fastest) MOSFET for a particular application
barely meets the specs. It will have the lowest gate capacitance.

John Larkin

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Jul 20, 2012, 4:40:33 PM7/20/12
to
On Fri, 20 Jul 2012 10:52:32 -0700, "Mr.CRC"
<crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:

>Hi:
>
>I have been using MOSFET drivers to pulse LEDs at currents of up to 21A
>(for 100s of ns to several microsecond pulses) and down to about 22ns
>for 1A pulses into 1mm^2 power LEDs.
>
>I can't get any faster with the drivers I've tried than about 20ns for
>"parity" optical output power with the 1.0A CW max current typical of
>blue 1mm^2 LEDs. (see note 1 below)
>
>
>I wish to achieve 10-20ns pulses of 1-10 amps.
>
>
>Three circuits that come to mind are:
>
>1. Capacitive discharge by MOSFET switch such as the Directed Energy
>PCO-7110 driver.
>
>This circuit has the drawback of a slow trailing edge.
>
>2. Discontinuous current mode flyback circuit. The stored current in
>the inductor is switched into the LED when the MOSFET turns off.
>
>This circuit also has a slower tail than a symmetric drive, but is
>better than RC. I have gotten 30ns or so 3-4A pulses in a LTspice sim,
>with 100-1000pF in parallel with diode loads.
>
>3. Continuous current mode flyback circuit. The stored current in the
>inductor is switched into the LED when the MOSFET turns off, then
>shunted back through the FET when it turns back on.

That's nice, if you want to short out the LED quickly at the end of
the pulse, and you don't mind the continuous power supply needed to
keep the current flowing in the inductor.


>
>This circuit produces a nice sharp pulse. I have gotten 15ns or so 3-4A
>pulses in a LTspice sim, with 100-1000pF in parallel with diode loads.
>
>At this point I have no idea if the simulated performance can be
>realized with a physical circuit.

Yes, it can. 10-20 ns is fairly slow. Layout will need to be tight, as
the dI/dT will be big, and every nanohenry will hurt.

>
>Also, much of the challenge is in the MOSFET gate drive. Hence, I keep
>coming back to the fact that if the gate driver is fast enough, just
>hook the LED to it and be done!

That depends on the gate capacitance. You can use paralleled TinyLogic
gates as mosfet gate drivers, sub-ns edges with a few ohms equivalent
source drive.

NL37WZ16US is three brutal buffers in a can, for 12 cents. I run them
at 6.5 volts and they seem happy.

There are some multi-amp mesfets and PHEMTS and GaN fets, which have
absurdly low gate capacitances compared to mosfets. The nice thing
about these parts is that the source is usually the substrate, so you
can get a low inductance source ground by soldering the tab to the
ground plane. But you should be able to get a few ns rise/fall from
mosfets driven by TinyLogic.


--

John Larkin Highland Technology, Inc

jlarkin at highlandtechnology dot com
http://www.highlandtechnology.com

Precision electronic instrumentation
Picosecond-resolution Digital Delay and Pulse generators
Custom laser drivers and controllers
Photonics and fiberoptic TTL data links
VME thermocouple, LVDT, synchro acquisition and simulation

Spehro Pefhany

unread,
Jul 20, 2012, 4:51:33 PM7/20/12
to
On Fri, 20 Jul 2012 20:24:31 GMT, ni...@puntnl.niks (Nico Coesel)
wrote:

>"Mr.CRC" <crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:
>
>>Nico Coesel wrote:
>>> "Mr.CRC" <crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:
>>>
>>>> Hi:
>>>>
>>>> I have been using MOSFET drivers to pulse LEDs at currents of up to 21A
>>>> (for 100s of ns to several microsecond pulses) and down to about 22ns
>>>> for 1A pulses into 1mm^2 power LEDs.
>>>
>>> What kind of MOSFETs are you using? The lower the RDSon the slower due
>>> to the enormous gate capacitance.
>>
>>
>>So far I haven't used any, except for a IRF530 in LTspice.
>
>That one is quite old.
>
>>The physical circuits I've used are just the MOSFET gate drivers mentioned.
>>
>>But yes, in principle I would expect that some trade off btw RDSon/Qg
>>and speed would apply.
>
>It does apply. Last year I've designed a forward converter. A MOSFET
>with a 10 times lower RDSon was less efficient. IMHO the most
>efficient (and therefore fastest) MOSFET for a particular application
>barely meets the specs. It will have the lowest gate capacitance.

How about a GaN FET with matching driver?

eg. EPC1014/LM5113

Rather prototyping-unfriendly package on the FET.

Jim Thompson

unread,
Jul 20, 2012, 4:52:50 PM7/20/12
to
On Fri, 20 Jul 2012 20:24:31 GMT, ni...@puntnl.niks (Nico Coesel)
wrote:

>"Mr.CRC" <crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:
>
>>Nico Coesel wrote:
>>> "Mr.CRC" <crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:
>>>
>>>> Hi:
>>>>
>>>> I have been using MOSFET drivers to pulse LEDs at currents of up to 21A
>>>> (for 100s of ns to several microsecond pulses) and down to about 22ns
>>>> for 1A pulses into 1mm^2 power LEDs.
>>>
>>> What kind of MOSFETs are you using? The lower the RDSon the slower due
>>> to the enormous gate capacitance.
>>
>>
>>So far I haven't used any, except for a IRF530 in LTspice.
>
>That one is quite old.
>
>>The physical circuits I've used are just the MOSFET gate drivers mentioned.
>>
>>But yes, in principle I would expect that some trade off btw RDSon/Qg
>>and speed would apply.
>
>It does apply. Last year I've designed a forward converter. A MOSFET
>with a 10 times lower RDSon was less efficient. IMHO the most
>efficient (and therefore fastest) MOSFET for a particular application
>barely meets the specs. It will have the lowest gate capacitance.

Yep. Barely making it is often the most efficient. Many junior
designers fail to account for the drive power.

Mr.CRC

unread,
Jul 20, 2012, 8:41:51 PM7/20/12
to
John Larkin wrote:
> On Fri, 20 Jul 2012 10:52:32 -0700, "Mr.CRC"
> <crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:
>> 3. Continuous current mode flyback circuit. The stored current in the
>> inductor is switched into the LED when the MOSFET turns off, then
>> shunted back through the FET when it turns back on.
>
> That's nice, if you want to short out the LED quickly at the end of
> the pulse, and you don't mind the continuous power supply needed to
> keep the current flowing in the inductor.

Yes, that is Ok. I don't have to market it. So a low voltage/high
current CC lab supply would be fine for keeping the inductor full.

>> This circuit produces a nice sharp pulse. I have gotten 15ns or so 3-4A
>> pulses in a LTspice sim, with 100-1000pF in parallel with diode loads.
>>
>> At this point I have no idea if the simulated performance can be
>> realized with a physical circuit.
>
> Yes, it can. 10-20 ns is fairly slow. Layout will need to be tight, as
> the dI/dT will be big, and every nanohenry will hurt.

Yeah, it shouldn't be too hard. Not like your crazy ps stuff. Fat
traces 8-10mils away from a sheet of copper are inherently helpful
toward avoiding inductance.

I need to start stocking and playing with 2-sided bare FR4 material, and
prototyping this sort of thing. But where I work, the cost of just
running off a 4-layer manufactured proto is no big deal.

I will be able to learn a lot from studying the Directed Energy (IXYS)
assemblies, b4 I try to make my own.


>> Also, much of the challenge is in the MOSFET gate drive. Hence, I keep
>> coming back to the fact that if the gate driver is fast enough, just
>> hook the LED to it and be done!
>
> That depends on the gate capacitance. You can use paralleled TinyLogic
> gates as mosfet gate drivers, sub-ns edges with a few ohms equivalent
> source drive.

Hmm, I wonder how they can compete with the RF MOSFET gate drivers, when
loaded with a real gate? Also, since they are lower voltage, will the
lower threshold NMOS needed be inherently slower than a higher threshold
device?


> NL37WZ16US is three brutal buffers in a can, for 12 cents. I run them
> at 6.5 volts and they seem happy.
>
> There are some multi-amp mesfets and PHEMTS and GaN fets, which have
> absurdly low gate capacitances compared to mosfets. The nice thing
> about these parts is that the source is usually the substrate, so you
> can get a low inductance source ground by soldering the tab to the
> ground plane. But you should be able to get a few ns rise/fall from
> mosfets driven by TinyLogic.


These new exotic devices (maybe not so new?) are something I'll have to
study and see if they are suitable.




Thanks for the input. Or was it output? Nah, it was feedback!

Tim Williams

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Jul 20, 2012, 9:18:11 PM7/20/12
to
"Mr.CRC" <crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote in message
news:jucts...@news6.newsguy.com...
>> That depends on the gate capacitance. You can use paralleled TinyLogic
>> gates as mosfet gate drivers, sub-ns edges with a few ohms equivalent
>> source drive.
>
> Hmm, I wonder how they can compete with the RF MOSFET gate drivers, when
> loaded with a real gate? Also, since they are lower voltage, will the
> lower threshold NMOS needed be inherently slower than a higher threshold
> device?

Yes. I once tried a simple buck converter with 5V logic supply (would've
saved the bother of a 12V analog supply). Performance was terrible: "logic
level" transistors aren't any different from regular devices. Silicon is
silicon, and expecting them to have the same performance at half the gate
drive is silly, even when doubled up, with double the drive. Changed to 12V
analog supply, well worth the effort.

The only things that work well at 5V (or less) are very small geometry FETs
(which might take 3V drive to switch the load at any current you want --
there are sub-miliohm devices available), but they only stand off 10V or so.

Better off rolling your own. I've made a discrete gate drive that does the
same thing as one of those IXYS/DEI drivers, except with half the switching
time, and orders of magnitude better availability. It's not hard to do,
really; just think "how can I slam this device on really hard, then slam it
off really hard too".

Tim

--
Deep Friar: a very philosophical monk.
Website: http://webpages.charter.net/dawill/tmoranwms

John Larkin

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Jul 20, 2012, 10:56:54 PM7/20/12
to
I use them to drive mosfet gates, switching a couple of amps with
roughly 1 ns output edges. They are so cheap, you can use a bunch,
like 2 chips/6 sections in parallel. 6 volts will enhance most
low-voltage mosfets pretty well, and that's overkill for logic-level
stuff.

A quick check of Onsemi came up with MCH6662, a dual fet, each section
good for 2 amps, 4 total. Parallel the drains and drive each gate from
6 tiny-logic sections. Cg is 128 pF, so they will switch fast.
Paralleling smaller fets keeps the inductances down.

There are probably better fets around... that was just a quick look.

Most gate drivers are pretty slow, and the Ixys things are expensive.


--

John Larkin Highland Technology Inc
www.highlandtechnology.com jlarkin at highlandtechnology dot com

Precision electronic instrumentation
Picosecond-resolution Digital Delay and Pulse generators
Custom timing and laser controllers
Photonics and fiberoptic TTL data links
VME analog, thermocouple, LVDT, synchro, tachometer
Multichannel arbitrary waveform generators

legg

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Jul 21, 2012, 1:12:11 AM7/21/12
to
On Fri, 20 Jul 2012 10:52:32 -0700, "Mr.CRC"
<crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:

Some fairly short, high current pulses can be harvested as
cross-conduction phenomena in (unloaded) gate drive circuits - their
periods being equivalent to the rise or fall time of the pre-driver
output.

Problems with this include stray inductance in the current path,
minimum capacitive loading of the pre-driver, headroom/gate threshold
relationships and techniques in tailoring the current fall time. Using
discrete parts, the cross conduction can be intentionally manipulated.

RL
Message has been deleted
Message has been deleted

John Larkin

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Jul 21, 2012, 1:27:07 PM7/21/12
to
Nice part, 10 amps and 280 pF, maybe a little big for CRC's LED driver
requirement, but it would work fine. You could drive it from my
TinyLogic gates, or from some paralleled 74AC gates... it only needs
2-3 volts of gate drive. EPC2012 might be a better fit.

There are PHEMTS with Idss in the amps, and they sometimes enhance
about 2:1 better than that. They can switch at sub-ns speeds with
fairly easy gate drive. Avago has some enhancement parts.

qrk

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Jul 21, 2012, 4:30:32 PM7/21/12
to
On Fri, 20 Jul 2012 10:52:32 -0700, "Mr.CRC"
<crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:

Charge up a capacitor, and use a triac to dump the charge through the
load. You'll get fast rise time and a wimpy trailing edge. LEDs look
like a resistor at high currents. It's amazing how much current they
can take.

Mr.CRC

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Jul 21, 2012, 5:01:07 PM7/21/12
to
qrk wrote:
> Charge up a capacitor, and use a triac to dump the charge through the
> load. You'll get fast rise time and a wimpy trailing edge. LEDs look
> like a resistor at high currents. It's amazing how much current they
> can take.


Triac?!? You think it can do <4ns risetime?

Interesting concept. I'll keep it in mind.

Jasen Betts

unread,
Jul 21, 2012, 7:33:11 PM7/21/12
to
On 2012-07-21, Mr.CRC <crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:
> qrk wrote:
>> Charge up a capacitor, and use a triac to dump the charge through the
>> load. You'll get fast rise time and a wimpy trailing edge. LEDs look
>> like a resistor at high currents. It's amazing how much current they
>> can take.
>
> Triac?!? You think it can do <4ns risetime?

closer to 4us I think.

Thyratron perhaps? Spark gaps are fast, right?

perhaps build your own thyristor from some UHF transistors?

⚂⚃ 100% natural

--- Posted via news://freenews.netfront.net/ - Complaints to ne...@netfront.net ---

Tim Williams

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Jul 21, 2012, 8:23:39 PM7/21/12
to
"Jasen Betts" <ja...@xnet.co.nz> wrote in message
news:jufe7n$d0d$1...@reversiblemaps.ath.cx...
>> Triac?!? You think it can do <4ns risetime?
>
> closer to 4us I think.
>
> Thyratron perhaps? Spark gaps are fast, right?
>
> perhaps build your own thyristor from some UHF transistors?

Run of the mill xenon or mercury thyratrons are typically slower than their
silicon counterparts, with comparable risetime and deionization time in the
ms. Hydrogen thyratrons are well renouned for their speed, however.

As circuits go with high current, fast risetime, and dreadful tails, there's
this one. You still need a pulse generator, but that's easier than the
current gain. Some TinyLogic would take care of that.
http://cds.linear.com/docs/Application%20Note/an122f.pdf
'Course, Jim would've been about the only person on Earth with a stash of
stud type BJTs. YMMV.

mike

unread,
Jul 22, 2012, 5:26:50 AM7/22/12
to
On 7/21/2012 2:01 PM, Mr.CRC wrote:
> qrk wrote:
>> Charge up a capacitor, and use a triac to dump the charge through the
>> load. You'll get fast rise time and a wimpy trailing edge. LEDs look
>> like a resistor at high currents. It's amazing how much current they
>> can take.
>
>
> Triac?!? You think it can do<4ns risetime?
>
> Interesting concept. I'll keep it in mind.
>
>
>
What's the actual specification of the pulse you're trying to generate?
This is the first mention I've seen of 4ns risetime.
falltime?
How variable does the width need to be.
50KHz rep rate was mentioned, but not sure if the context was relevant.
Do you care about jitter?
How about life of the apparatus.
Both are relevant for relays.
Is it a current pulse or a voltage pulse?
And what is required of the other? voltage compliance for current pulse
or peak current available for voltage pulse?
Does delay matter? Maybe something like a distributed amplifier
made from smaller/faster devices.

I didn't catch whether this is a test fixture or a high volume
device where cost matters a lot.


What's the actual specification of the pulse you're trying to generate
into exactly what range of loads. LED is an ambiguous definition.
The devil is in the details.

You can do some interesting things with avalanche transistors and/or
snap diodes. I've never tried it at this power level, but you don't
need much speed.

whit3rd

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Jul 22, 2012, 1:22:49 PM7/22/12
to
On Saturday, July 21, 2012 2:01:07 PM UTC-7, Mr.CRC wrote:
> qrk wrote:
> &gt; Charge up a capacitor, and use a triac to dump the charge through the
> &gt; load. You&#39;ll get fast rise time and a wimpy trailing edge. LEDs look
> &gt; like a resistor at high currents. It&#39;s amazing how much current they
> &gt; can take.
>
>
> Triac?!? You think it can do &lt;4ns risetime?
>
> Interesting concept. I&#39;ll keep it in mind.

Common triacs won't do it, of course (the data sheet has
a dI/dt limit, and there's a good reason for that).
Phototriacs, on the other hand, DO turn on abruptly.
They won't turn off so fast, but a Blumlein pulser might
not care.

legg

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Jul 23, 2012, 10:40:57 AM7/23/12
to
On Sat, 21 Jul 2012 00:12:11 -0500, legg <le...@nospam.magma.ca> wrote:

>On Fri, 20 Jul 2012 10:52:32 -0700, "Mr.CRC"
><crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:
>
<snip>
>>I wish to achieve 10-20ns pulses of 1-10 amps.
>>
<snip>
>Some fairly short, high current pulses can be harvested as
>cross-conduction phenomena in (unloaded) gate drive circuits - their
>periods being equivalent to the rise or fall time of the pre-driver
>output.
>
>Problems with this include stray inductance in the current path,
>minimum capacitive loading of the pre-driver, headroom/gate threshold
>relationships and techniques in tailoring the current fall time. Using
>discrete parts, the cross conduction can be intentionally manipulated.

Talking to myself, it seems.

A quick LTspice simulation follows, using the cross-conduction alone.

RL


Version 4
SHEET 1 880 680
WIRE 192 64 64 64
WIRE 512 64 192 64
WIRE 16 80 -48 80
WIRE 512 160 512 64
WIRE -176 176 -192 176
WIRE -48 176 -48 80
WIRE -48 176 -96 176
WIRE 64 176 64 160
WIRE -192 240 -192 176
WIRE 64 256 64 240
WIRE 64 352 64 336
WIRE 192 352 192 128
WIRE 192 352 64 352
WIRE -48 432 -48 176
WIRE 16 432 -48 432
WIRE -192 480 -192 320
WIRE 64 480 64 448
WIRE 64 480 -192 480
WIRE 432 480 64 480
WIRE 512 480 512 240
WIRE 512 480 432 480
WIRE 432 496 432 480
FLAG 432 496 0
SYMBOL LED 48 176 R0
WINDOW 0 40 -8 Left 2
WINDOW 3 28 65 Left 2
SYMATTR InstName D1
SYMATTR Value QTLP690C
SYMATTR Description Diode
SYMATTR Type diode
SYMBOL ind 48 240 R0
WINDOW 0 58 38 Left 2
WINDOW 3 48 70 Left 2
SYMATTR InstName L1
SYMATTR Value 5E-8
SYMBOL cap 176 64 R0
WINDOW 0 42 18 Left 2
WINDOW 3 23 53 Left 2
SYMATTR InstName C1
SYMATTR Value 300E-12
SYMBOL res -80 160 R90
WINDOW 0 0 56 VBottom 2
WINDOW 3 32 56 VTop 2
SYMATTR InstName R1
SYMATTR Value 10R
SYMBOL nmos 16 352 R0
WINDOW 0 87 27 Left 2
WINDOW 3 57 56 Left 2
SYMATTR InstName M1
SYMATTR Value FDS6961A
SYMBOL pmos 16 160 M180
WINDOW 0 82 68 Left 2
WINDOW 3 53 40 Left 2
SYMATTR InstName M2
SYMATTR Value Si9400DY
SYMBOL voltage 512 144 R0
WINDOW 123 0 0 Left 2
WINDOW 39 24 132 Left 2
SYMATTR SpiceLine Rser=.01
SYMATTR InstName V1
SYMATTR Value 10
SYMBOL voltage -192 224 R0
WINDOW 0 -36 112 Left 2
WINDOW 3 -52 285 Left 2
WINDOW 123 0 0 Left 2
WINDOW 39 0 0 Left 2
SYMATTR InstName V2
SYMATTR Value PULSE(10V 0V 1E-6 1E-8 1E-8 1E-5 2E-5 10)
TEXT -248 528 Left 2 !.tran 0 11.2E-6 11E-6 1E-9 uic

Uwe Hercksen

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Jul 23, 2012, 10:24:22 AM7/23/12
to


Jim Thompson schrieb:

>
> I've used mercury-wetted switches to generate nanosecond pulse
> _widths_.

Hello,

you closed and opened the same switch within some nanoseconds?
Or did you close one switch and open another one within some nanoseconds?

Bye

Phil Hobbs

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Jul 23, 2012, 10:29:12 AM7/23/12
to
You do it by connecting a charged, open-circuited coax stub via the
relay. The coax empties itself out in a time t = 2L/sqrt(epsilon).

Cheers

Phil Hobbs

--
Dr Philip C D Hobbs
Principal Consultant
ElectroOptical Innovations LLC
Optics, Electro-optics, Photonics, Analog Electronics

160 North State Road #203
Briarcliff Manor NY 10510
845-480-2058

hobbs at electrooptical dot net
http://electrooptical.net

Ian Field

unread,
Jul 23, 2012, 10:59:29 AM7/23/12
to
On 20/07/2012 18:52, Mr.CRC wrote:
> Hi:
>
> I have been using MOSFET drivers to pulse LEDs at currents of up to 21A
> (for 100s of ns to several microsecond pulses) and down to about 22ns
> for 1A pulses into 1mm^2 power LEDs.
>
> I can't get any faster with the drivers I've tried than about 20ns for
> "parity" optical output power with the 1.0A CW max current typical of
> blue 1mm^2 LEDs. (see note 1 below)
>
>
> I wish to achieve 10-20ns pulses of 1-10 amps.
>
>
Have you examined datasheet/appnotes for ZTX415 avalanch transistor -
its all in the tuned co-ax line (apparently).

Uwe Hercksen

unread,
Jul 23, 2012, 11:47:46 AM7/23/12
to


Phil Hobbs schrieb:

> You do it by connecting a charged, open-circuited coax stub via the
> relay. The coax empties itself out in a time t = 2L/sqrt(epsilon).

Hello,

ah, the length of the pulse is determined by the coax stub only.
Pulses of some 100 ps should be possible too.
But if you want periodic pulses with a period of some ms I would expect
a jitter of some 100 ns even when the relay is driven with a good XTAL
based clock.

Cheers


John Larkin

unread,
Jul 23, 2012, 11:59:59 AM7/23/12
to
Relays will jitter many microseconds. The mechanical bits ring in a
zillion modes, like a church full of bells, after every hit.

Uwe Hercksen

unread,
Jul 23, 2012, 12:15:54 PM7/23/12
to


John Larkin schrieb:

> Relays will jitter many microseconds. The mechanical bits ring in a
> zillion modes, like a church full of bells, after every hit.

Hello,

when I wrote of some 100 ns jitter, I already thought of several
microseconds but I dont wanted to be too pessimistic.

Cheers

John Larkin

unread,
Jul 23, 2012, 12:24:44 PM7/23/12
to
It's fun to look at the coil voltage of a regular or a reed relay,
with a scope, after the drive device opens up. There's usually enough
residual magnetism to make the various vibrations induce signals into
the coil. It tends to be a frightful mess of superimposed mechanical
resonances. Reeds are terrible for low-level signal switching for that
same reason: long messy twangs.

I once designed a delay generator to replace a piezoacoustic delay
line, a few microseconds delay as I recall. The piezo delay line
worked, sort of, but it would twang for tens of milliseconds after
generating that short delay. It cost $2000, too.

Joerg

unread,
Jul 23, 2012, 1:13:35 PM7/23/12
to
Does anyone know how fast they really switch, given a zero to 5V gate
drive? The datasheets for those are rather paltry, not much info in them.


> There are PHEMTS with Idss in the amps, and they sometimes enhance
> about 2:1 better than that. They can switch at sub-ns speeds with
> fairly easy gate drive. Avago has some enhancement parts.
>

I've got a situation where even using several 7002 in parallel won't
muscle around a few hundred pF of load capacitance fast enough. I am
trying to get down to around a nanosecond.

--
Regards, Joerg

http://www.analogconsultants.com/
Message has been deleted

John Larkin

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Jul 23, 2012, 3:54:46 PM7/23/12
to
On Mon, 23 Jul 2012 10:13:35 -0700, Joerg <inv...@invalid.invalid>
wrote:
By "they", do you mean the Tiny buffers? Figure about 600 ps rise/fall
and, if you put three sections in parallel, maybe 8-10 ohms drive
impedance. At 12 cents for a triple buffer, using several is feasible.

>
>
>> There are PHEMTS with Idss in the amps, and they sometimes enhance
>> about 2:1 better than that. They can switch at sub-ns speeds with
>> fairly easy gate drive. Avago has some enhancement parts.
>>
>
>I've got a situation where even using several 7002 in parallel won't
>muscle around a few hundred pF of load capacitance fast enough. I am
>trying to get down to around a nanosecond.

What are you driving the 2N7002 gates with? I can make a 2N7002 sink
about an amp in under 1 ns, driving its gate hard.


--

John Larkin Highland Technology, Inc

jlarkin at highlandtechnology dot com
http://www.highlandtechnology.com

Precision electronic instrumentation
Picosecond-resolution Digital Delay and Pulse generators
Custom laser drivers and controllers
Photonics and fiberoptic TTL data links
VME thermocouple, LVDT, synchro acquisition and simulation

Joerg

unread,
Jul 23, 2012, 4:20:40 PM7/23/12
to
The buffers can do it but can the EPC2012? I've looked up and down their
site and none of the scope plots in switcher apps looked all that
mouthwatering. No hard timing data that I could find either.

>>
>>> There are PHEMTS with Idss in the amps, and they sometimes enhance
>>> about 2:1 better than that. They can switch at sub-ns speeds with
>>> fairly easy gate drive. Avago has some enhancement parts.
>>>
>> I've got a situation where even using several 7002 in parallel won't
>> muscle around a few hundred pF of load capacitance fast enough. I am
>> trying to get down to around a nanosecond.
>
> What are you driving the 2N7002 gates with? I can make a 2N7002 sink
> about an amp in under 1 ns, driving its gate hard.
>

NL37WZ16. I'll have to see the layout, maybe something has gone wrong
there (that art was out of my hands).

Phil Hobbs

unread,
Jul 23, 2012, 4:56:17 PM7/23/12
to
I'd be very surprised if the jitter were better than tens of
microseconds for a mercury relay. But that's what the sampling scope's
delay line is for. ;)

John Larkin

unread,
Jul 23, 2012, 6:05:35 PM7/23/12
to
On Mon, 23 Jul 2012 13:20:40 -0700, Joerg <inv...@invalid.invalid>
Send me some screen snaps of the PCB layers, and I'll review it.

Joerg

unread,
Jul 23, 2012, 6:49:24 PM7/23/12
to
Thanks. But I don't have them myself yet. It pretty much needs to follow
RF design rules and usually they are pretty good at that.

bitter...@yahoo.ie

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Jul 23, 2012, 8:50:13 PM7/23/12
to
I think the usual way to shorten the pulses is to put a low value inductor in parallel with the LED. Therefore the current can only flow through the LED for a short while until the all the current available is shunted through the inductor instead.

k...@att.bizzzzzzzzzzzz

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Jul 23, 2012, 9:25:31 PM7/23/12
to
On Mon, 23 Jul 2012 17:50:13 -0700 (PDT), bitter...@yahoo.ie wrote:

>I think the usual way to shorten the pulses is to put a low value inductor in parallel with the LED. Therefore the current can only flow through the LED for a short while until the all the current available is shunted through the inductor instead.

That's a pretty big inductor. Why would you burn power unnecessarily?

jc.al....@gmail.com

unread,
Jul 24, 2012, 8:38:52 AM7/24/12
to
In case this has not already been cited, I have successfully used the following circuit as the laser driver in a distance measuring application

UHRING W., ZINT C.V., BARTRINGER J.,
A low-cost high-repetition-rate picosecond laser diode pulse generator, Proc. SPIE 5452, 2004, pp. 583-590, Photonics Europe 2004, Strasbourg (France), April 26-30, 2004, edited by D. Lenstra, G. Morthier, T. Erneux, M. Pessa, ISBN 0-8194-5375-7. Lien

JohnR

Mr.CRC

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Jul 24, 2012, 2:27:48 PM7/24/12
to
Thanks. I'll try to get my hands on that. My work library should be
able to provide it.

I also have this bookmarked, but haven't gotten it yet:

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/login.jsp?url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel5%2F7361%2F5752398%2F05643093.pdf%3Farnumber%3D5643093&authDecision=-203

Mr.CRC

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Jul 24, 2012, 2:29:28 PM7/24/12
to
legg wrote:
> On Sat, 21 Jul 2012 00:12:11 -0500, legg <le...@nospam.magma.ca> wrote:
>
>> On Fri, 20 Jul 2012 10:52:32 -0700, "Mr.CRC"
>> <crobc...@REMOVETHISsbcglobal.net> wrote:
>>
> <snip>
>>> I wish to achieve 10-20ns pulses of 1-10 amps.
>>>
> <snip>
>> Some fairly short, high current pulses can be harvested as
>> cross-conduction phenomena in (unloaded) gate drive circuits - their
>> periods being equivalent to the rise or fall time of the pre-driver
>> output.
>>
>> Problems with this include stray inductance in the current path,
>> minimum capacitive loading of the pre-driver, headroom/gate threshold
>> relationships and techniques in tailoring the current fall time. Using
>> discrete parts, the cross conduction can be intentionally manipulated.
>
> Talking to myself, it seems.

Thanks for your reply. I saw it but the idea seemed a bit obscure for
my to spend time on. My limitation, not yours.

I'll have a look at your sim below, but it may take me a couple days...


> A quick LTspice simulation follows, using the cross-conduction alone.
>
> RL
>
> [edit]


Thanks for the consideration!
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