boomer#
687...@none.com wrote:
> It's likely I'll need to replace the battery, but whether the battery
> is completely discharged, or brand new, I was told the battery should
> be pre-charged before use, because the solar panel is only meant to
> keep the battery at full charge.
Charging a new battery before use is a good idea anyway. It was
probably given a full or nearly full charge at the factory, but you
don't know how long it's been sitting around before you got ahold of it.
> They sell a charger for these batteries, but from the pictures, it's
> nothing but a wall-wart, and they want a hefty price for them.
Some of the sealed lead-acid chargers are indeed just wall-warts,
without any regulation or other control, other than the maximum current
they can put out. Some of them are regulated, and some of them even
charge in two or more stages, to help speed up charging.
Mouser sells a two-stage one for $30 plus shipping:
http://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/Power-Sonic/PSC-6500A-C/?qs=sGAEpiMZZMsYfYypWaYaEX3NNwy%2fyo1X2dL7Jr4fR1U%3d
<
http://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/Power-Sonic/PSC-6500A-C/?qs=sGAEpiMZZMsYfYypWaYaEX3NNwy%2fyo1X2dL7Jr4fR1U%3d>
> Can I use any 6 volt DC wall-wart?
> (I think I have a few in my parts boxes).
If the maximum voltage it puts out is not higher than the maximum float
voltage of the battery, whether the battery is discharged or fully
charged, it will work. Also, the maximum current it actually delivers
should not exceed the maximum recommended value for your battery.
One manufacturer (Power-Sonic) recommends charging at 7.35 V and at not
more than 0.9 A (for your battery), until the current drops to 0.045
mA (for your battery), and then stopping the charge. Alternatively, if
you want to leave it on charge "continuously", you can charge at 6.75 V.
If the battery you get is very discharged, what will probably happen is
that one of your wall-warts will be under the limits at first, but as
the battery starts to charge, it will exceed the voltage limit. If the
charge current is fairly low when the voltage limit has been exceeded,
the solar panel may be able to bring it up to full. Clean the dust and
dirt off the panel and set it outside on a sunny day and hope for the
best. (Once the fencer is installed, it's a good idea to wipe the
panel off once a month or so, if you can reach it.)
> I also have a small standard 4amp automotive battery charger with a 6
> volt and 12 volt switch on it. Can I just set it to the 6volt position
> and use that? Yes, I know the voltage is correct, but I'm wondering
> if the amperage is too high for a small battery like this?
The battery draws what it wants, but the actual voltage output by the
charger on the "6 volt" setting may cause the battery to draw more than
the 0.9 A limit for your battery. It won't hurt much to try it for a
few seconds and see... put a good ammeter (like, built into a
multimeter) in series with the output of the charger. Don't rely on the
built-in meter on the charger, if it has one.
If the battery charger (or wall-wart) voltage is just a little too high,
you could put a single diode in series with the output to drop the
voltage by about 1.1 V (for a regular rectifier diode, 1N4001 or 1N5624)
or about 0.5 V (for a Schottky diode, 1N5820). These diodes are
available from Digi-Key or Mouser for 20 or 30 cents, quantity one.
You might also be able to use a power resistor in series with the
battery charger output to tame its output a little, but you'll have to
experiment a to find out if this will work. The single filament of an
1156 or 3056 car tail light lamp, or the "bright" filament of an 1157 or
3057 lamp, may work.
> I was told they are actually lead-acid batteries, but contain the acid
> in a gell..... (this may or may not be right).
I think the first ones available did this. The ones you get now have
the acid in a porous fiberglass mat; the term "absorbed glass mat" or
"AGM" is probably more correct. If you say "gel cell", everybody knows
what you mean.
> Does 4.5 AH mean it puts out a maximim of 4amps for one full hour, or
> what?
These batteries are *usually* rated at the 20 hour rate. This means
that for a 4.5 Ah battery that is fully charged, you can get 0.225 A
from it, continuously, for 20 hours, and then it will be completely
discharged. 0.225 A * 20 h = 4.5 Ah.
It scales up and down from this, but the scale is not quite linear. It
works in your favor if you hit the battery less hard than the "20 hour"
discharge rate. If you draw half the current (0.113 A), you get a
little more than twice the runtime (say, 42 hours or so). It works
against you if you hit the battery harder than the "20 hour" discharge
rate; if you draw twice the current (0.45 A), you get less than half of
the runtime - about 9 hours. If you draw ten times the current (2.25 A),
you get much less than 1/10th of the runtime - about 1.3 hours.
For batteries like this, I usually order from Digi-Key (Panasonic brand)
or Mouser (Power-Sonic brand). I've been unhappy with every other brand
that I've tried. I should note that for many years the Power-Sonics I
got were built in Mexico, but the most recent set were from China. That
set has only been in service in a UPS for a couple of years, so I don't
know yet how long they will last. Mostly I use them as replacements in
computer UPSes, but some of them have gone in things like portable
lanterns.
Even if you don't plan on buying from Digi-Key or Mouser, it is good to
get a reference price from them. If you see a seller somewhere else
(usually eBay or Amazon) claiming to sell the same brand at way less
than the Digi-Key or Mouser price, scroll way down and look at the fine
print. It probably says "compatible replacement" or other words that
mean you're getting a junk battery rather than the real thing.
If you're ever stuck and need one right now, today, go look in the
electrical aisle at Home Depot, near the EXIT signs that they sell.
They have a few sizes that are made to go in those signs. A local fire
and burglar alarm company will also stock a few sizes, but they may or
may not want to sell you one over the counter.
Standard disclaimers apply: I don't get money or other consideration
from any companies mentioned.
Matt Roberds