The works of Homer have been analysed and argued over for more than
2500 years. Numerous ideas and opinions have emerged from all this
turmoil. The location and reality of the Battle of Troy has been at
the heart of many of these. It is nearly 150 years since Schliemann
began his work which led to the modern conclusion that Troy was
situated at Hissarlik but even then not all agree.
In 2002 John Crowe was given a draft copy of a book by John Lascelles
which suggested that Troy was not at Hissarlik but further south, in
the vicinity of Pergamon. Crowe has continued the work of Lascelles
and is publishing his conclusions in two volumes, only the first of
which has yet been printed.
John Crowe has a web page at
http://www.thetroydeception.com/ which
sets out aspects of his ideas. He has also written the following as
general summary on page 221 of his Volume 1:
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The main objective of my studies has been to show that Pergamon may
now be identified with Ilios, the holy citadel of ancient Troy as
described in the Iliad and Odyssey. My findings are presented in two
volumes. Here in Volume 1 my purpose is to show, beyond reasonable
doubt, that the Trojan plain upon which the Homeric Trojan War was
fought has now been found in the lower Bakir Cayi valley below
Pergamon and Bergama. If we accept the findings of Volume 1, then
logic demands that both Ilios and Troy must once have stood at the
head of this plain. In Volume 2 I will show that the descriptions of
Ilios, in both the Iliad and Odyssey, offer a near perfect match with
the acropolis of Pergamon. The site of Troy should therefore be sought
in the northern suburbs of Bergama just south of the Asklepion, where
warm and cold springs were once found close together. In Volume 2 I
will also explain the Troy deception, the ruse which led the world,
for some 2,500 years, to believe that Troy was once at Ilion. This was
the work of the Pisistratid tyrants of Athens, who altered the text of
the Iliad to show that Troy was visible from Samothrace. This endorsed
their claim that Troy once stood at Classical Ilion, beside the
Straits of the Dardanelles, on the site we know today as Hisarlik.
They then claimed entitlement to the lands of Troy around Ilion for a
much needed new colony, saying it was awarded to them by the Achaeans
as their share of the spoils of the Trojan War.
Volume 1 is divided into two parts. The first looks carefully at the
site of Hisarlik and shows that it offers a very poor match when
compared to the descriptions in the Iliad. All the landscape
descriptions in the Iliad are collected together, and used to produce
a reconstructed plan of the Trojan plain. This plan is then compared
with the plain at Hisarlik, a comparison which leads to the conclusion
that Schliemann was wrong to claim that his excavations there had
uncovered the site of Homer's Troy.
The second part of Volume 1 explores the possibility that the link
between Troy and Samothrace could be a later insertion into the Iliad,
and that Troy should be sought somewhere else. A number of off-site
signposts are identified which point towards Troy lying to the east of
Lesbos. These, together with the Mysian War legend, which tells of
Achaeans fighting at Teuthrania in the region of the lower Bakir Cayi
valley, makes this a more likely location for Troy than Hisarlik.
A site visit to the region of Pergamon and Bergama, in what was once
ancient Mysia, reveals a landscape that almost perfectly matches that
of the Trojan plain. Yet more supporting evidence is then found from a
study of the nearby countryside, and from Walter Leaf's study of the
Troad. Collectively, this evidence is, I believe, sufficient to claim,
beyond reasonable doubt, that the Trojan War of the Iliad took place
on the plain of the Bakir Cayi below Bergama.
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End quote
Crowe appears to have read widely of sources ranging from Strabo to
The Oxford History of the Classical World. He has analysed the
geography of the related texts and visited the sites of which he
writes. This does not appear to be a book by yet another crank
revisionist and Crowe's thesis should be taken seriously.
Regards,
Eric Stevens